| 1. |
- Lechtenböhmer, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation and Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases
- 2021
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Ingår i: Regulatory Toxicology : Second Edition - Second Edition. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030574994 - 9783030574987 ; 2, s. 1223-1262
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While most greenhouse gases are not toxic and no pollutants, their increasing concentration in the atmosphere is enhancing the greenhouse effect and causing climate change. Climate change however is a massive threat to all global life-sustaining systems, and it will among other highly damaging consequences probably also create significant health problems. This chapter first explains the natural science basics of the greenhouse effect and its link to the global commercial energy system. Second, it outlines the challenges connected to changing the global energy systems and what changes would be needed to prevent dangerous global warming. Third, the global governance system is presented which has been established at the United Nations since 1992 to address climate change. Finally, the chapter discusses what societal changes would be necessary and enable the “great transition” to a just and sustainable global society, how the current Coronavirus pandemic could be a start to such a transition, and how the recently announced European Green Deal might be a prototype policy on this way.
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| 2. |
- Mathias, Jean-Denis, et al.
(författare)
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Grounding Social Foundations for Integrated Assessment Models of Climate Change
- 2020
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Ingår i: Earth's Future. - 2328-4277. ; 8:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are commonly used by decision makers in order to derive climate policies. IAMs are currently based on climate‐economics interactions, whereas the role of social system has been highlighted to be of prime importance on the implementation of climate policies. Beyond existing IAMs, we argue that it is therefore urgent to increase efforts in the integration of social processes within IAMs. For achieving such a challenge, we present some promising avenues of research based on the social branches of economics. We finally present the potential implications yielded by such social IAMs.
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| 3. |
- Obergassel, Wolfgang, et al.
(författare)
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From regime-building to implementation : Harnessing the UN climate conferences to drive climate action
- 2022
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Ingår i: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1757-7780 .- 1757-7799. ; 13:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gap between the internationally agreed climate objectives and tangible emissions reductions looms large. We explore how the supreme decision-making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Conference of the Parties (COP), could develop to promote more effective climate policy. We argue that promoting implementation of climate action could benefit from focusing more on individual sectoral systems, particularly for mitigation. We consider five key governance functions of international institutions to discuss how the COP and the sessions it convenes could advance implementation of the Paris Agreement: guidance and signal, rules and standards, transparency and accountability, means of implementation, and knowledge and learning. In addition, we consider the role of the COP and its sessions as mega-events of global climate policy. We identify opportunities for promoting sectoral climate action across all five governance functions and for both the COP as a formal body and the COP sessions as conducive events. Harnessing these opportunities would require stronger involvement of national ministries in addition to the ministries of foreign affairs and environment that traditionally run the COP process, as well as stronger involvement of non-Party stakeholders within formal COP processes. This article is categorized under: Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework
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| 4. |
- Obergassel, Wolfgang, et al.
(författare)
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Human rights and the clean development mechanism : lessons learned from three case studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Human Rights and the Environment. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 1759-7188 .- 1759-7196. ; 8:1, s. 51-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses the human rights implications of projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). While the CDM is likely to expire in the near future, the experience gained should be used to inform the rules of the new mechanism to be established under the 2015 Paris Agreement. We argue that the CDM and the new mechanism, as international organizations under the guidance of UNFCCC member states, should apply the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Based on the experience drawn from three case studies (two hydro power projects in Barro Blanco, Panama, and Bujagali, Uganda, and one geothermal energy project in Olkaria, Kenya), we show that CDM projects, while in formal compliance with CDM rules, can lead to a number of human rights infringements. We conclude with a number of recommendations on how to achieve a greater recognition of human rights in the new mechanism under the Paris Agreement.
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