| 1. |
- Olsson, MIT, et al.
(författare)
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Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions : Evidence from 37 Countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Political Psychology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0162-895X .- 1467-9221. ; 44:6, s. 1163-1192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18–30 years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women's political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women's (rather than men's) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men's higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men's leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed.
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| 2. |
- Månsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding and overcoming obstacles in adaptive management
- 2024
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Ingår i: Trends in Ecology and Evolution. - : Elsevier Ltd.. - 0169-5347 .- 1872-8383. ; 38:1, s. 55-71
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive management (AM) is widely promoted to improve management of natural resources, yet its implementation is challenging. We show that obstacles to the implementation of AM are related not only to the AM process per se but also to external factors such as ecosystem properties and governance systems. To overcome obstacles, there is a need to build capacities within the AM process by ensuring adequate resources, management tools, collaboration, and learning. Additionally, building capacities in the legal and institutional frames can enable the necessary flexibility in the governance system. Furthermore, in systems experiencing profound changes in wildlife populations, building such capacities may be even more critical as more flexibility will be needed to cope with increased uncertainty and changed environmental conditions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Huus, Karina, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived needs among parents of children with a mild intellectual disability in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 19:4, s. 307-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parents of children with a mild intellectual disability experience more distress and require more support than other parents. The aim was to investigate the perceived family needs of parents of children with an MID and to investigate the relationship between parents’ perceived self-efficacy in their parental role and in collaborating with professionals as well as with their perceived needs for support. Interviews were based on questionnaires to the parents of 38 children. The results revealed that parents perceived need for information, respite, and venues in which to meet other parents in similar situations. The informational needs were related to parental self-efficacy and obtaining support. A lower need for information was related to higher perceived control over services. In conclusion, it appears that professionals need to work to strengthen parents’ ability to ask for support and to express the needs. Well-informed parents will develop stronger parental self-efficacy and perceived control over services.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Olsson, Ann-Margreth E.
(författare)
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Dialogical Participatory Action Research in social work using delta-reflecting teams
- 2014
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Ingår i: Promoting change through Action Research. - Rotterdam : Sense Publishers. ; , s. 163-172
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a study where coaching actions and research actions became intertwined processes, reflexively co-created dialogical joint actions, the 55 participating Swedish social workers became inspired to invite children and other clients into dialogical collaboration in social investigational work. The processes of the conducted action research became metaphorically talked about as going on a cycling voyage tour riding in a peloton. In the dynamic flow of dialogical interplay the participants found the directions how to go on (with whom, when, where, how, with what and why) exploring and learning. Not only was the research characterised of being Participatory Action Research (PAR) but also mutually involving Dialogical PAR (DPAR). The systemic methods in use were reflexively influenced and adapted in the interplay, becoming living tools in both the social workers’ practice and the practice of coaching and researching. One of the living tools was the use of ‘reflecting teams’, here emerging into ‘delta-reflecting teams’ where the participants were encourage to participate (delta in Swedish) not only by reflecting on what they had heard and seen (as in ‘reflecting teams’) but also co-creating new narratives (cf new channels in the river delta) to be heard and reflected on.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Long-distance and local movements of greylag geese in present-day agricultural landscapes
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent changes in environmental conditions together with increasing goose populations have completely changed the ballgame for geese in Europe. To better understand their current distribution and foraging patterns, this project will explore how geese utilize the agricultural landscape, with focus on their movements, field selection and foraging patterns. We fitted 199 Greylag geese with neck-collars and 64 with GPS transmitters at 5 locations in Sweden. The tagged geese will be used for studying movement patterns at a field-tofield level. However, the GPS transmitters also deliver data that can be used together with re-sightnings of neck-collared geese to unravel large-scale movement patterns of the Swedish Greylag goose population. Preliminary results from GPS positions received June--November 2017 indicate a varation in migration patterns and wintering grounds, depending on the origin of the geese. Geese breeding and molting in the southern parts of Sweden seem to migrate shorter distances, and have spent most of their time during the autumn months in Denmark, or in the southernmost parts of Sweden, while the geese marked farther north migrated earlier and moved longer distances, with the majority spending the autumn in Germany and the Netherlands.
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| 8. |
- Olsson Möller, U, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive approach to rehabilitation interventions following breast cancer treatment : a systematic review of systematic reviews
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1471-2407. ; 19:1, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Post-treatment, patients suffer from side effects and have various rehabilitation needs, which means that individualization is fundamental for optimal rehabilitation. This systematic review (SR) of SRs aims to evaluate the current evidence on rehabilitation interventions in female patients following BC treatment. METHODS: Full-text SRs published in English from 2009 were searched in Embase, PubMed, Cinahl Complete, PsycINFO, AMED, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library. INCLUSION CRITERIA: SRs of randomized or non-randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of rehabilitation interventions in women following BC treatment. All outcomes were considered. Methodological quality was evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 tool and interrater agreement was evaluated. Out of 1269 citations retrieved, 37 SRs were included. RESULTS: Five rehabilitation areas were identified: exercise and physical activity (PA), complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), yoga, lymphoedema treatment, and psychosocial interventions. The most solid evidence was found in exercise/PA and yoga. Exercise interventions improved outcomes such as shoulder mobility, lymphoedema, pain, fatigue and quality of life (QoL). Effects of yoga were shown on QoL, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, fatigue and gastrointestinal symptoms. The effect of CAM was shown on nausea, pain, fatigue, anger and anxiety but these results need to be interpreted with caution because of low methodological quality in included studies in the SRs. Among the lymphoedema treatments, positive effects were seen for resistance training on volume reduction and muscle strength and psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy had positive effects on QoL, anxiety, depression and mood disturbance. CONCLUSIONS: This SR of SRs show solid positive effects of exercise/PA and yoga for women following BC treatment, and provides extended knowledge of the effects of CAM, yoga, lymphoedema treatment and psychosocial interventions. It is evident that more than one intervention could have positive effects on a specific symptom and that the effects depend not only on intervention type but also on how and when the intervention is provided. The results can be used as a foundation for individualized rehabilitation and aid health care professionals in meeting patients' individual needs and preferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ( CRD42017060912 ).
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| 9. |
- Olsson Möller, U, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging gaps in everyday life : a free-listing approach to explore the variety of activities performed by physiotherapists in specialized palliative care
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Palliative Care. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1472-684X. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A growing body of studies indicate benefits of physiotherapy for patients in palliative care, for symptom relief and wellbeing. Though physiotherapists are increasingly acknowledged as important members of palliative care teams, they are still an underutilized source and not fully recognized. The aim of this study was to explore the variety of activities described by physiotherapists in addressing the needs and problems of patients and their families in specialized palliative care settings. METHODS: Using a free-listing approach, ten physiotherapists working in eight specialized palliative care settings in Sweden described as precisely and in as much detail as possible different activities in which patients and their families were included (directly or indirectly) during 10 days. The statements were entered into NVivo and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Statements containing more than one activity were categorized per activity. RESULTS: In total, 264 statements, containing 504 varied activities, were coded into seven categories: Counteracting a declining physical function; Informing, guiding and educating; Observing, assessing and evaluating; Attending to signs and symptoms; Listening, talking with and understanding; Caring for basic needs; and Organizing, planning and coordinating. In practice, however, the activities were intrinsically interwoven. The activities showed how physiotherapists aimed, through care for the body, to address patients' physical, psychological, social and existential needs, counteracting the decline in a patient's physical function and wellbeing. The activities also revealed a great variation, in relation not only to what they did, but also to their holistic and inseparable nature with regard to why, how, when, where, with whom and for whom the activities were carried out, which points towards a well-adopted person-centred palliative care approach. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides hands-on descriptions of how person-centred palliative care is integrated in physiotherapists' everyday activities. Physiotherapists in specialized palliative care help patients and families to bridge the gap between their real and ideal everyday life with the aim to maximize security, autonomy and wellbeing. The concrete examples included can be used in understanding the contribution of physiotherapists to the palliative care team and inform future research interventions and outcomes.
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| 10. |
- Olsson Möller, U., et al.
(författare)
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Systematic screening as a tool for individualized rehabilitation following primary breast cancer treatment : Study protocol for the ReScreen randomized controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is well known that women suffer from negative consequences following breast cancer (BC) treatment and that their largely varying needs for rehabilitation are often unmet. Up to 43% of these women are at risk of developing chronic distress requiring complex interventions; however, how to early identify and meet these women's needs is unknown, leaving them with suboptimal chances of rehabilitation. The aim of the ReScreen study is to develop a model for and evaluate the effect of screening-based, individualized rehabilitation following primary BC treatment. Methods: The ReScreen study is designed as a complex intervention. Women with newly diagnosed BC are consecutively included in a three-armed randomized controlled trial. At inclusion, patients score their distress level on the Distress Thermometer (scale of 0-10) aiming to identify patients with extended rehabilitation needs. Patients scoring ≥5 are randomized to the intervention or control group while patients scoring ≤4 are followed longitudinally as an observational group. Patients in the intervention group, in conjunction with a dedicated research nurse, create an individualized rehabilitation plan based on an evidence-based decision support tool that was developed to create a solid base for the intervention. The research nurse will act as a continuous health care contact and be responsible for proactively and systematically evaluating patients' needs to ensure that potential new problems or changed rehabilitation needs are identified throughout the 1-year follow-up period. The intervention will be evaluated through self-reported data focusing on physical and psychological outcomes as well as evaluation of satisfaction with care at baseline, 2 weeks and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Evaluation will also include health economic aspects based on register data and patients' and relatives' experiences of the rehabilitation process. In addition, optimal cut-off levels for distress as an indicator for extended rehabilitation needs will be investigated. Discussion: This study will provide important knowledge related to effectiveness of screening-based identification of rehabilitation needs and standardized evidence-based, individualized rehabilitation after primary BC treatment. With a complex intervention design, this study has the potential to form a comprehensive knowledge base which includes tools and guidelines for implementation into clinical practice.
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