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- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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RPC-LAP : The Rosetta Langmuir probe instrument
- 2007
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Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 128:04-jan, s. 729-744
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rosetta dual Langmuir probe instrument, LAP, utilizes the multiple powers of a pair of spherical Langmuir probes for measurements of basic plasma parameters with the aim of providing detailed knowledge of the outgassing, ionization, and subsequent plasma processes around the Rosetta target comet. The fundamental plasma properties to be studied are the plasma density, the electron temperature, and the plasma flow velocity. However, study of electric fields up to 8 kHz, plasma density fluctuations, spacecraft potential, integrated UV flux, and dust impacts is also possible. LAP is fully integrated in the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), the instruments of which together provide a comprehensive characterization of the cometary plasma.
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| 2. |
- Olsson, Lars-Fride, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro formation of nanocrystalline carbonate apatite - A structural and morphological analogue of atherosclerotic plaques
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-1948 .- 1099-1948 .- 1099-0682. ; :26, s. 4123-4127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The in vitro formation of carbonate apatite in solutions with ion concentrations comparable to those in human serum was studied. The composition and morphology of the resulting apatite precipitate displayed a hierarchical assembly of elongated plate-shaped nanocrystals of carbonate apatite analogous to previously characterized bioapatites formed in The main conclusion is that so-called bioapatites may form in vitro and that precipitation inhibitors most likely are essential for the prevention of spontaneous calcification at normal human serum ion concentrations.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Sandin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The observation of nano-crystalline calcium phosphate precipitate in a simple supersaturated inorganic blood serum model - composition and morphology
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Biomaterials and Biomechanics. - 1722-6899 .- 1724-6024. ; 7:1, s. 13-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. Calcium phosphate deposition in blood vessels is correlated to increased mortality risk. In this study, the formation of solid calcium phosphate in an in vitro solution mimicking the inorganic part of blood serum was studied. Methods. The precipitates formed were analyzed using several experimental techniques, including infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, chemical analysis of combustion gases, thermogravimetric analysis, as well as transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results. The results indicate a microscopically amorphous but nano-crystalline material with an overall apatite structure. A plausible stoichiometry was determined to Ca-5(PO4)(3)(HCO3)center dot 4H(2)O with an estimated solubility constant of 6.10(-39) (mol/L)(9). Bicarbonate in the water solution was shown to be essential for the precipitation, giving implications for in vitro studies. Conclusions. The calcium phosphate formed in this study shows many similarities to pathological calcium phosphates regarding composition, morphology and crystallinity.
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