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  • Eriksson, Axel, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Diesel soot aging in urban plumes within hours under cold dark and humid conditions
  • 2017
  • record:In_t: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322.
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • Fresh and aged diesel soot particles have different impacts on climate and human health. While fresh diesel soot particles are highly aspherical and non-hygroscopic, aged particles are spherical and hygroscopic. Aging and its effect on water uptake also controls the dispersion of diesel soot in the atmosphere. Understanding the timescales on which diesel soot ages in the atmosphere is thus important, yet knowledge thereof is lacking. We show that under cold, dark and humid conditions the atmospheric transformation from fresh to aged soot occurs on a timescale of less than five hours. Under dry conditions in the laboratory, diesel soot transformation is much less efficient. While photochemistry drives soot aging, our data show it is not always a limiting factor. Field observations together with aerosol process model simulations show that the rapid ambient diesel soot aging in urban plumes is caused by coupled ammonium nitrate formation and water uptake.
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  • Nordin, E. Z., et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Secondary organic aerosol formation from gasoline passenger vehicle emissions investigated in a smog chamber
  • 2012
  • record:In_t: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1680-7367 .- 1680-7375. ; 12:12, s. 31725-31765
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • Gasoline vehicles have elevated emissions of volatile organic compounds during cold starts and idling and have recently been pointed out as potentially the main source of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in megacities. However, there is a lack of laboratory studies to systematically investigate SOA formation in real-world exhaust. In this study, SOA formation from pure aromatic precursors, idling and cold start gasoline exhaust from one Euro II, one Euro III and one Euro IV passenger vehicles were investigated using photo-oxidation experiments in a 6 m3 smog chamber. The experiments were carried out at atmospherically relevant organic aerosol mass concentrations. The characterization methods included a high resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and a proton transfer mass spectrometer. It was found that gasoline exhaust readily forms SOA with a signature aerosol mass spectrum similar to the oxidized organic aerosol that commonly dominates the organic aerosol mass spectra downwind urban areas. After 4 h aging the formed SOA was 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than the Primary OA emissions. The SOA mass spectrum from a relevant mixture of traditional light aromatic precursors gave f43 (mass fraction at m/z = 4 3) approximately two times higher than to the gasoline SOA. However O : C and H : C ratios were similar for the two cases. Classical C6–C9 light aromatic precursors were responsible for up to 60% of the formed SOA, which is significantly higher than for diesel exhaust. Important candidates for additional precursors are higher order aromatic compounds such as C10, C11 light aromatics, naphthalene and methyl-naphthalenes.
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  • Wittbom, Cerina, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Ageing soot as cloud condensation nuclei
  • 2013
  • record:In_t: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of CRAICC 2013.
  • swepub:Mat_conferencepaper_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)
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