| 1. |
- Ardo, Shane, et al.
(author)
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Pathways to electrochemical solar-hydrogen technologies
- 2018
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In: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 11:10, s. 2768-2783
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Solar-powered electrochemical production of hydrogen through water electrolysis is an active and important research endeavor. However, technologies and roadmaps for implementation of this process do not exist. In this perspective paper, we describe potential pathways for solar-hydrogen technologies into the marketplace in the form of photoelectrochemical or photovoltaic-driven electrolysis devices and systems. We detail technical approaches for device and system architectures, economic drivers, societal perceptions, political impacts, technological challenges, and research opportunities. Implementation scenarios are broken down into short-term and long-term markets, and a specific technology roadmap is defined. In the short term, the only plausible economical option will be photovoltaic-driven electrolysis systems for niche applications. In the long term, electrochemical solar-hydrogen technologies could be deployed more broadly in energy markets but will require advances in the technology, significant cost reductions, and/ or policy changes. Ultimately, a transition to a society that significantly relies on solar-hydrogen technologies will benefit from continued creativity and influence from the scientific community.
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| 2. |
- Jouan, A., et al.
(author)
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Multiband Effects in the Superconducting Phase Diagram of Oxide Interfaces
- 2022
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In: Advanced Materials Interfaces. - : Wiley. - 2196-7350. ; 9:29
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A dome-shaped phase diagram of superconducting critical temperature upon doping is often considered as a hallmark of unconventional superconductors. This behavior, observed in SrTiO3-based interfaces, whose electronic density is controlled by field-effect, has not been explained unambiguously yet. Here, a generic scenario for the superconducting phase diagram of these oxide interfaces is elaborated based on transport experiments on a double-gate LaAlO3/SrTiO3 field-effect device and Schrödinger–Poisson numerical simulations of the quantum well. The optimal doping point of maximum Tc is ascribed to the transition between a single-gap and a fragile two-gap s±-wave superconducting state involving bands of different orbital character. Close to this point, a bifurcation in the dependence of Tc on the carrier density, which can be controlled by the details of the doping execution, is observed experimentally and reproduced by numerical simulations. Where doping with a back-gate triggers the filling of a new (Formula presented.) subband and initiates the overdoped regime, doping with a top-gate delays the filling of the subband and maintains the 2D electron gaz in the single-gap state of higher Tc. Such a bifurcation, whose branches can be followed reversibly, provides a generic explanation for the dome-shaped superconducting phase diagram that could be extended to other multiband superconducting materials.
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| 3. |
- Mpidi Bita, Hercend, et al.
(author)
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Prevention of Disproportionate Collapse for Multistory Mass Timber Buildings: Review of Current Practices and Recent Research
- 2022
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In: Journal of Structural Engineering. - : American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). - 0733-9445 .- 1943-541X. ; 148:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The expanding height of multistory mass timber buildings makes the development of guidance to prevent disproportionate collapse an increasingly important area of engineering design; however, there is no guidance available in building codes or design standards on how to prevent disproportionate collapse of multistory mass timber buildings. In this paper, practical project-specific solutions applied in constructed prominent multistory mass timber buildings to prevent disproportionate collapse are presented. Various approaches have been successfully used for different construction types of multistory mass timber buildings to decrease the potential risk of disproportionate collapse, such as using walls above supports as deep beams and using columns to carry tension forces and hold the floor below in case a supporting column or wall is damaged. Then, recent and ongoing research in the field of prevention of disproportionate collapse of multistory timber buildings is reviewed. Such research is mostly based on numerical simulations of element removal scenarios and pushdown experiments on floor systems and connections and provides valuable insights and guidance to designers on important structural aspects regarding the prevention of disproportionate collapse in multistory mass timber buildings. Finally, the draft provisions for an upcoming standard related to the prevention of disproportionate collapse are reviewed, and the conclusions regarding the state of the art are presented.
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| 4. |
- Zolich, Artur, et al.
(author)
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Survey on Communication and Networks for Autonomous Marine Systems
- 2019
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In: Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems. - : SPRINGER. - 0921-0296 .- 1573-0409. ; 95:3-4, s. 789-813
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The rapid development of autonomous systems and Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) create new opportunities for maritime activities. Existing autonomous systems are becoming more powerful and utilise the capabilities of several types of devices such as Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) - sometimes referred as Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASVs) -, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), moored and drifting systems and, recently emerging, autonomous vessels. Their importance in providing new services in maritime environments is undeniable and the opportunity for coordinated and interconnected operations is clear. However, continuous wide integration of various technologies in maritime environments still faces many challenges. Operations may take place in remote locations, so that dependence on third-party infrastructures such as satellite communication or terrestrial communication systems must be expected. The reliability, performance, availability, and cost of such systems are important issues that need to be tackled. This work reviews the major advancements on state-of-the-art autonomous maritime vehicles and systems, which are used in several different scenarios, from scientific research to transportation. Moreover, the paper highlights how available technologies can be composed in order to efficiently and effectively operate in maritime environments. Highlights of the trade-off between autonomy and communication requirements are provided and followed by an overview of promising communication and networking technologies that could encourage the integration of autonomous systems in maritime scenarios.
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