| 1. |
- DAWODY, JAZAER, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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E4-Mistra, a research program for the development of an energy efficient low emission exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Renewable Energy Forum, WREF 2012, Including World Renewable Energy Congress XII and Colorado Renewable Energy Society (CRES) Annual Conference. - : American Solar Energy Society. - 9781622760923 ; , s. 4530-4536
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a unique system approach applied in a joint academic - industrial research program, E4 Mistra, to reach the goals of energy efficiency and low emissions exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles. The high energy efficiency is achieved by heat recuperation, on-board hydrogen production for use in both an auxiliary power unit and for NOx reduction and by finding new solutions for making the after-treatment system active at low exhaust temperatures. To reach low particulate emissions a mechanical filter using a sintered metal filter is developed. Low NOx emissions are achieved by an efficient NOx reduction catalyst. The system is based on four technological advances: Thermoelectric material s for heat recuperation, catalytic reduction of NOx over innovative catalyst substrates using hydrocarbons from the fuel and H2 from a high efficiency fuel reformer, and particulate filtration over a porous metal filter.
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Sofia B, et al.
(författare)
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High tumour cannabinoid CB(1) receptor immunoreactivity negatively impacts disease-specific survival in stage II microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 6:8, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is good evidence in the literature that the cannabinoid system is disturbed in colorectal cancer. In the present study, we have investigated whether CB(1) receptor immunoreactive intensity (CB(1)IR intensity) is associated with disease severity and outcome. Methodology/Principal Findings: CB(1)IR was assessed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens collected with a consecutive intent during primary tumour surgical resection from a series of cases diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Tumour centre (n = 483) and invasive front (n = 486) CB(1)IR was scored from 0 (absent) to 3 (intense staining) and the data was analysed as a median split i.e. CB(1)IR <2 and >= 2. In microsatellite stable, but not microsatellite instable tumours (as adjudged on the basis of immunohistochemical determination of four mismatch repair proteins), there was a significant positive association of the tumour grade with the CB1IR intensity. The difference between the microsatellite stable and instable tumours for this association of CB(1)IR was related to the CpG island methylation status of the cases. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses indicated a significant contribution of CB(1)IR to disease-specific survival in the microsatellite stable tumours when adjusting for tumour stage. For the cases with stage II microsatellite stable tumours, there was a significant effect of both tumour centre and front CB(1)IR upon disease specific survival. The 5 year probabilities of event-free survival were: 8565 and 66+/-8%; tumour interior, 86+/-4% and 63+/-8% for the CB(1)IR<2 and CB(1)IR >= 2 groups, respectively. Conclusions/Significance: The level of CB(1) receptor expression in colorectal cancer is associated with the tumour grade in a manner dependent upon the degree of CpG hypermethylation. A high CB(1)IR is indicative of a poorer prognosis in stage II microsatellite stable tumour patients.
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| 3. |
- Heijl, Richard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Thermoelectric properties of Ba8Ga16Ge30 with TiO2 nanoinclusions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 112:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects on thermal and electrical properties of adding small amounts of TiO2 nanoinclusions to bulk Ba8Ga16Ge30 clathrate have been investigated. The thermal properties were analysed using the transient plane source technique and the analysis showed a significant decrease in thermal conductivity as the volume fraction of TiO2 increased from 0 vol. % to 1.2 vol. %. The introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles caused a shift in the peak value of the Seebeck coefficient towards lower temperatures. The maximum value of the Seebeck coefficient was, however, only little affected. The introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles into the bulk Ba8Ga16Ge30 resulted in an increased electrical resistivity of the sample, thus simultaneously reducing the charge carrier contribution to the thermal conductivity, partly explaining the decrease in total thermal conductivity. Due to the large increase in resistivity of the samples, ZT was only somewhat improved for the material with 0.4 vol. % TiO2 while the ZT values of the other materials were lower than for the reference Ba8Ga16Ge30 material without TiO2 nanoparticles. The combined results are consistent with a scenario where the nanoparticle introduction causes a light doping of the semiconductor matrix and an increased concentration of phonon scattering centres.
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| 4. |
- Jakobsen Falk, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms 1236C>T and 2677G>T on overall survival in FLT3 wild-type de novo AML patients with normal karyotype
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 167:5, s. 671-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drug resistance is a clinically relevant problem in the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We have previously reported a relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ABCB1, encoding the multi-drug transporter P-glycoprotein, and overall survival (OS) in normal karyotype (NK)-AML. Here we extended this material, enabling subgroup analysis based on FLT3 and NPM1 status, to further elucidate the influence of ABCB1 SNPs. De novo NK-AML patients (n = 201) were analysed for 1199G>A, 1236C>T, 2677G>T/A and 3435C>T, and correlations to outcome were investigated. FLT3 wild-type 1236C/C patients have significantly shorter OS compared to patients carrying the variant allele; medians 20 vs. 49 months, respectively, P = 0.017. There was also an inferior outcome in FLT3 wild-type 2677G/G patients compared to patients carrying the variant allele, median OS 20 vs. 35 months, respectively, P = 0.039. This was confirmed in Cox regression analysis. Our results indicate that ABCB1 1236C>T and 2677G>T may be used as prognostic markers to distinguish relatively high risk patients in the intermediate risk FLT3 wild-type group, which may contribute to future individualizing of treatment strategies.
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| 5. |
- Ma, Yi, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Composite thermoelectric materials with embedded nanoparticles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 48:7, s. 2767-2778
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current status of the development of composite thermoelectric materials with embedded nanoparticles is reviewed. An introduction is given to the suggested mechanisms of improving thermoelectric properties by inclusions of nanoparticles and to experimental methods used to prepare such composites. The progress made in the development of thermoelectric materials with embedded nanoparticles is then covered, grouping the studies according to the optimal temperature range of operation of the materials investigated. Most studies have been devoted to materials within the medium temperature range, followed by low temperature materials, whereas high temperature materials have not yet received much attention within this area. In the majority of the materials systems studied, reports of improved thermoelectric performance upon introduction of nanoparticles in bulk thermoelectrics are found. However, for continued progress in this area, there is a need for systematic experimental studies that unambiguously correlate the resulting physical effects of the nanoinclusions to the measured materials properties.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Isaksson-Mettävainio, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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High SMAD4 levels appear in MSI and hypermethylated colon cancers, and indicate a better prognosis
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - Geneve : International union against cancer. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 131, s. 779-788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths in western countries. CRC are commonly divided in cancers showing microsatellite stability (MSS) or microsatellite instability (MSI). A more novel classification is dependent on promoter hypermethylation of CpG islands (the CpG island methylator phenotype, CIMP), where cancers show high, low or negative methylation status. SMAD4, located on chromosome 18q, has been thoroughly investigated during the last years. Loss of SMAD4 expression has been reported to correlate with poor CRC patient prognosis. In this study we analyze the impact of SMAD4 expression on prognosis in relation to MSI screening status and CIMP status. 479 paraffin-embedded specimens of CRC were examined for nuclear SMAD4 expression using immunohistochemistry. The tumors were scored loss (-), moderate (+) and high (++) expressing tumors. Loss of SMAD4 correlated significantly with decreased survival in all colon cancer patients. High SMAD4 expression, on the other hand, was significantly associated with increased survival, especially in colon cancer patients which has undergone potential curative surgery. In addition, in MSI tumors and CIMP-high tumors, high SMAD4 expression was significantly related to increase in survival, while loss of SMAD4 resulted in a significantly poorer prognosis. SMAD4 expression was not correlated to prognosis in rectal cancer cases. We conclude, loss of SMAD4 indicates a poor prognosis in colon cancer patients. The novel findings that high SMAD4 expression predicts a better prognosis suggests that SMAD4 immunohistochemistry could constitute a prognostic marker in combination with CIMP and MSI screening status.
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