| 1. |
- Niklasson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Association of zoonotic Ljungan virus with intrauterine fetal deaths
- 2007
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Ingår i: Birth defects research. Clinical and molecular teratology. - : Wiley. - 1542-0752 .- 1542-0760. ; 79, s. 488-493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: It has recently been shown that Ljungan virus (LV) is associated with disease in its wild rodent reservoir. In addition, it has been demonstrated that LV causes malformations and perinatal death in a mouse model. The question was therefore raised whether LV is a zoonotic agent in humans. METHODS: Population fluctuations of native rodents in Sweden were compared to the incidence of intrauterine fetal deaths (IUFDs) using the Swedish national hospitalization database. Formalin-fixed tissues from cases of IUFD were investigated using LV-specific immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Variation in the incidence of IU-FDs closely tracked the fluctuations in native rodent populations. LV was detected in the brain tissue in 4 of 10 cases of IUFDs investigated by immunochemistry. LV was also detected in the placenta in 5 of the 10 IUFD cases, but in none of 20 placentas from normal pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: LV may play an important role in IUFDs.
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| 2. |
- Niklasson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Zoonotic Ljungan Virus Associated with Central Nervous System Malformations in Terminated Pregnancy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Birth defects research. Clinical and molecular teratology. - : Wiley. - 1542-0752 .- 1542-0760. ; 85:6, s. 542-545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Ljungan virus (LV) has been shown to cause central nervous system malformations in laboratory mouse models. The LV has also been associated with intrauterine fetal death in humans. We investigated the presence of LV in a series of human hydrocephaly and anencephaly cases from elective abortions. METHODS: A series of elective abortions owing to hydrocephaly, anencephaly, and similarly aged trisomy 21 elective abortions as controls were examined for LV by immunohistochemistry and real time RTPCR. A second experiment involved newborn mice exposed to LV. RESULTS: LV was diagnosed in 9 of 10 cases with hydrocephalus and in I of 18 trisomy 21 controls by immunohistochemistry. Five of nine cases with anencephaly had a positive PCR result, whereas none of the 12 trisomy 21 available for PCR testing had a positive result. The 47 newborn mice exposed to LV all developed encephalitis, with eight having hydrocephalus. None of the 52 control animals had encephalitis or hydrocephalus. CONCLUSION: The association between LV and both hydrocephaly and anencephaly suggests that LV may be playing an important role in central nervous system malformations in humans. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 85:542-545, 2009, (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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| 3. |
- Samsioe, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Ljungan Virus Present in Intrauterine Fetal Death Diagnosed by Both Immunohistochemistry and PCR
- 2009
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Ingår i: Birth defects research. Clinical and molecular teratology. - : Wiley. - 1542-0752 .- 1542-0760. ; 85:3, s. 227-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Following up on prior evidence from animal and human studies of Ljungan virus (LV) in intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), we examine additional cases of IUFD using two standard assays of viral detection: immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real time RT-PCR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Frozen and formalin-fixed specimens from IUFD cases were tested for the presence of LV using real time RT-PCR and IHC, respectively. Formalin-fixed organs from terminated pregnancies diagnosed as trisomy 21 were used as controls in the IHC assay. RESULTS: Presence of LV was demonstrated in all five IUFD cases by IHC and further confirmed in. three of these cases by real time RT-PCR. Only one of 18 trisomy 21 controls was LV positive by IHC. CONCLUSION: The presence of LV in IUFD patients has been confirmed by two different assays. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 85:227-229, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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