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- Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Risk for schizophrenia in intercountry adoptees: a Danish population-based cohort study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines. - : Wiley. - 0021-9630 .- 1469-7610. ; 48:11, s. 1053-1060
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Increasing numbers of intercountry adoptees are reaching adulthood, the age of onset for most serious mental disorders. Little is known about the development of schizophrenia in intercountry adoptees, a group with potentially increased vulnerability. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of developing schizophrenia in adoptees and in non-adoptees. Methods: Utilising data from the Danish Civil Registration System, we established a population-based cohort of 1.06 million persons resident in Denmark before the age of 15, whose legal mother lived in Denmark at the child's birth. Intercountry adoptees were identified as children born abroad. Record linkage provided information on psychiatric admissions. Results: Intercountry adoptees had an increased relative risk (RR) (RR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.41-3.50) of developing schizophrenia compared to native Danes. The increased risk was independent of age at onset and age at, or region of, adoption, and was not attributable to mental illness in a foster parent, the foster parent's age, or to urbanisation. The foster mother's own biological offspring had also an increased risk of developing schizophrenia (1.92, 95% Cl 1.23-3.02). Conclusions: Young adult intercountry adoptees are at increased risk for schizophrenia. Although the underlying cause is unknown, a complex interplay of factors presumably may be involved, including heredity, adversity prior to adoption, and post-adoption adjustment difficulties during upbringing.
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- Pedersen, Carsten Bocker, et al.
(författare)
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Do risk factors for schizophrenia predispose to emigration?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Schizophrenia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-9964. ; 127:1-3, s. 229-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Increased incidence rates of schizophrenia in immigrants still lack a satisfactory explanation. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that risk factors for schizophrenia also increase the risk of emigration to a foreign country. If valid, Danes emigrating from Denmark carry a higher predisposition to develop schizophrenia compared to Danes living in Denmark. Methods: Utilizing data from the Danish Civil Registration System, we established a population-based cohort of 1.10 million native Danes. We assessed relative risks of emigration to a foreign country in relation to sex, age, urban birth, parental age, and a history of mental illness. Results: Urban birth in Denmark was a significant predictor of emigration to a foreign country. A maternal history of psychiatric contact during childhood and a parental history of bipolar affective disorder increased the risks of emigration. A personal history of mental illness decreased the risk of emigration, mostly for people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Conclusions: Our study provided evidence that Danish emigrants residing in a foreign country have both a higher predisposition of schizophrenia due to differential exposure to birth in urban areas and a lower predisposition of schizophrenia due to differential exposure to a history of mental illness. Although competing selection mechanisms operate, the combined effect of these different selection mechanisms was limited, thus suggesting a potential role for yet to be identified adverse environmental effects operating either before or after emigration. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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