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| 2. |
- Arnqvist, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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En kunskapsbas : Sätt att organisera för att individanpassa skolgången
- 2010
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Ingår i: I rättan tid. - Stockholm : Fritzes. - 9789138234471 ; , s. 67-87
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- De överväganden och förslag som redovisas i detta betänkande har tagits fram med utgångspunkt i en kunskapsbas. Kunskapsbasen består av dels översikter över aktuella forskningsresultat inom ett antal områden som har bäring på frågan om flexibel skolstart i grundskolan, dels några internationella utblickar. Vetenskapligt förankrade kunskapsöversikter har för utredningens räkning sammanställts av fyra forskare, nämligen professor Anders Arnqvist, Karlstads universitet, professor Sven Persson, Malmö högskola, fil dr Monika Vinterek, Umeå universitet och fil lic Helena Ackesjö, Linnéuniversitetet. Var och en har haft i uppdrag att inom respektive område redogöra för resultat inom svensk och internationell forskning från mitten av 1990-talet och senare. I uppdraget har ingått att uppmärksamma eventuella skillnader mellan olika elevgrupper samt effekter på både elevers kunskapsutveckling och sociala utveckling. I detta kapitel redovisas forskarnas egna sammanfattningar av forskningsöversikterna. Dessa återges i sin helhet i bilagorna 2–5. Av dem framgår också de frågeställningar och områden med bäring på flexibel skolstart som forskarna finner behov av att följa upp, utvärdera och beforska. Kunskapsbasen innehåller även en internationell utblick. I den återges hur barn på Nya Zeeland börjar skolan successivt på sin födelsedag och hur barn i England kan börja skolan vid fler tillfällen under läsåret. Lite mer utförligt redovisas dessutom diskussionen inför och införandet av rullande skolstart i Danmark och flexibel skolstart i Norge.
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- Langenskiöld, Marcus, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Deep Femoral Vein Reconstruction for Abdominal Aortic Graft Infections is Associated with Low Aneurysm Related Mortality and a High Rate of Permanent Discontinuation of Antimicrobial Treatment
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 62:6, s. 927-934
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Aortic prosthesis infection is a devastating complication of aortic surgery. In situ reconstruction with the neo-aorto-iliac system (NAIS) bypass technique has become increasingly used and is recommended in recent treatment guidelines. The main aim was to evaluate NAIS procedural outcomes when undertaken after previous open or endovascular aortic repair in Sweden.Methods: In this retrospective study, The National Quality Registry for Vascular Surgery (Swedvasc) was used to identify Swedish centres that offered the NAIS bypass procedure for aortic prosthesis infection between 2008 and 2018. Variables of special interest were procedural details, short and long term survival, renal and other complications, and the durtion of antimicrobial treatment.Results: Forty patients (36 males, four females [mean age 69 years], 32 open repairs, seven endovascular aortic repairs [EVAR] and one fenestrated EVAR; 21 presented with aorto-enteric fistula) operated on with NAIS bypass were reviewed. The median time from the primary aortic intervention to the NAIS bypass procedure was 32 months (range 0 – 252 months). Mean ± standard deviation operating time was 645 ± 160 minutes, mean blood loss was 6 277 ± 6 525 mL, mean length of intensive care unit stay was 5.3 ± 3.7 days, and mean length of overall hospital stay was 21.2 ± 11.4 days. Thirty-five patients (88%) had a positive microbial culture; the most commonly isolated pathogen was Candida spp. The majority of patients survived for 30 days (n = 35 [88%]), and 33 (83%) and 32 (80%) patients survived for 90 days and one year, respectively. The number of surviving patients free from antimicrobial treatment at 90 days, six months, and one year was 19 (58%), 29 (88%), and 30 (94%). After a mean long term follow up of 69.9 ± 44.7 months, 20 patients were still alive.Conclusion: The NAIS bypass procedure offered reasonable survival and functional outcomes, and was associated with a high cure rate, defined as freedom from any antimicrobial treatment.
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- Persson, Sven-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Decreasing prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm and changes in cardiovascular risk factors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Vascular Surgery. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0741-5214 .- 1097-6809. ; 65:3, s. 651-658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: A significant reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular disease, including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), has been observed in the past decades. In this study, a small but geographically well defined and carefully characterized population, previously screened for AAA and risk factors, was re-examined 11 years later. The aim was to study the reduction of AAA prevalence and associated factors. Methods: All men and women aged 65 to 75 years living in the Norsjo municipality in northern Sweden in January 2010 were invited to an ultrasound examination of the abdominal aorta, registration of body parameters and cardiovascular risk factors, and blood sampling. An AAA was defined as an infrarenal aortic diameter >= 30 mm. Results were compared with a corresponding investigation conducted in 1999 in the same region. Results: A total of 602 subjects were invited, of whom 540 (90%) accepted. In 2010, the AAA prevalence was 5.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8%-8.5%) among men compared with 16.9% (95% CI, 12.3%-21.6%) in 1999 (P < .001). The corresponding figure for women was 1.1% (95% CI, 0.0%-2.4%) vs 3.5% (95% CI, 1.2%-5.8%; P - .080). A low prevalence of smoking was observed in 2010 as well as in 1999, with only 13% and 10% current smokers, respectively (P = .16). Treatment for hypertension was significantly more common in 2010 (58% vs 44%; P < .001). Statins increased in the population (34% in 2010 vs 3% in 1999; P < .001), and the lipid profile in women had improved significantly between 1999 and 2010. Conclusions: A highly significant reduction in AAA prevalence was observed during 11 years in Norsjo. Treatment for hypertension and with statins was more frequent, whereas smoking habits remained low. This indicates that smoking is not the only driver behind AAA occurrence and that lifestyle changes and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors may play an equally important role in the observed recent decline in AAA prevalence.
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- Persson, Sven-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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GHB--dangerous, addictive and uncontrollable party drug
- 2001
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 98:38, s. 4026-31, 4033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report reviews the pharmacology, toxicity and abuse pattern of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). The legislative changes pertaining to this substance are also addressed. Examples of abuse, driving under the influence and fatal intoxication are given. It is concluded that GHB is widely abused, particularly among the younger generation, and that further cases of severe intoxication are likely to occur as long as the substance is easily available from countless sources, including via the Internet. Despite the classification of GHB as a narcotic in Sweden and several other countries, continued problems are expected since the precursors gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4-butanediol (BD) are widely--and legally--available.
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