| 1. |
- Lönnermark, Anders, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Biobränslen och avfall - Brandsäkerhet i samband med lagring
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the report fire risks with handling and storage of different types of biofuels or waste are discussed. The report gives an overview of different types of biofuels, future trends, different ways of storage, experiences from occurred fires, and previous or ongoing research project within the field. The EC Directive on landfill of waste together with the need and interest for biofuels have resulted in increased amounts and a new type of storages. This also means new types of risks. There is therefore a great need for knowledge on the risks for spontaneous ignition and fire characteristics for these fuels and storages. If a fire occurs it can lead to significant problems with emissions and in many cases the rescue services have problems with handling these fires. The fires can also lead to large economic losses. It is, therefore, important to know both how to avoid and how to facilitate extinguishment of these fires. The information gathered and presented in the report has been used to develop a proposal for a research programme, which is also presented in the report. The report deals mainly with solid biofuels and waste, but discussions on liquids and gaseous fuels are also included.
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| 2. |
- Persson, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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Lagring av biobränsle och avfall : Statistik och erfarenheter från incidenter och bränder
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarizes a study on fire safety during industrial handling and storage ofsolid biofuels, biomass and various waste fractions. The intention has been to collectknowledge and experience which could be of important use for the industry but alsoprovide a platform for future recommendations and to define the need for future researchprojects. The study has involved an analysis of fire statistics based on the fire incidentdatabase managed by MSB (Swedish Civil Contingency Agency) for the period 2005-2013. A questionnaire was also distributed to relevant industries to collect information onwhat kind and quantities of materials they handle, how these materials are stored, etc.Some questions also related to their own experience of fire incidents, such as number offires per year, estimated costs, amount of burnt and damaged material. A separatequestionnaire was also distributed to the Swedish provincial offices (länsstyrelser) whoare issuing the permissions for these kind of storage facilities. The questions were hererelated to fire safety requirements that are stipulated in the permission process. Both theindustry and the provincial offices were also asked for their opinion about the need forfuture research. The report also summarizes some related research reports and someexamples and experience from typical fire incidents.The study shows that there are about 200 fires annually in this types of handling andstorage facilities in Sweden and the trend is slightly decreasing. A majority of the firesoccurs in outdoor pile/stack storage. Based on figures from 2011 and 2012, the totalamount of material which is burnt and/or damaged per year is estimated to about 6500-7500 ton/year and the yearly cost to about 150-350 million SEK. However, in case of oneor a couple of large scale fires during a specific year, these figures might increasesignificantly.This study could form the basis for the development of a handbook to be used by theindustry and authorities to improve the fire safety in a cost effective way at the storagesites.
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| 3. |
- Persson, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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Lagring av biobränsle och avfall : Statistik ocherfarenheter från incidenter och bränder –Summerande rapport
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarizes a study on fire safety during industrial handling and storage of solid biofuels, biomass and various waste fractions. The intention has been to collect knowledge and experience which could be of important use for the industry but also provide a platform for future recommendations and to define the need for future research projects. The study has involved an analysis of fire statistics based on the fire incident database managed by MSB (Swedish Civil Contingency Agency) for the period 2005-2013. A questionnaire was also distributed to relevant industries to collect information on what kind and quantities of materials they handle, how these materials are stored, etc. Some questions also related to their own experience of fire incidents, such as number of fires per year, estimated costs, amount of burnt and damaged material. A separate questionnaire was also distributed to the Swedish provincial offices (länsstyrelser) who are issuing the permissions for these kind of storage facilities. The questions were here related to fire safety requirements that are stipulated in the permission process. Both the industry and the provincial offices were also asked for their opinion about the need for future research. The report also summarizes some related research reports and some examples and experience from typical fire incidents.The study shows that there are about 200 fires annually in this types of handling and storage facilities in Sweden and the trend is slightly decreasing. A majority of the fires occurs in outdoor pile/stack storage. Based on figures from 2011 and 2012, the total amount of material which is burnt and/or damaged per year is estimated to about 6500-7500 ton/year and the yearly cost to about 150-350 million SEK. However, in case of one or a couple of large scale fires during a specific year, these figures might increase significantly.This study could form the basis for the development of a handbook to be used by the industry and authorities to improve the fire safety in a cost effective way at the storage sites.This report is a summary of the full project report (SP Report 2014:55) which includes significant more detailed data.
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| 4. |
- Persson, Helena, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Ämnesintegrerad undervisning i naturvetenskap : Vad är det?
- 2009
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Ingår i: NorDiNa. - Oslo, Norge : Naturfagsenteret. - 1504-4556 .- 1894-1257. ; 5:1, s. 47-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biology, chemistry and physics might be taught as separate subjects, but sometimes they are taught as combined with one another or with other subjects. Nationally and internationally the concept integrated science teaching lacks a uniform definition. To find out more about how practicing teachers define and perform integrated teaching, interviews were undertaken with five teachers, teaching science in school year 7 to 9 (age 13-16) in the Swedish compulsory school. Two ways of integrating science teaching were found; one combining the science subjects and one combining the science subjects with other school subjects. Results showed differences in the ways of teaching integrated science, in the interpretation of what the teachers meant by science integrating teaching and which obstacles and possibilities they saw. Visions about working with integrated science in the future and how these visions correspond to teacher’s reality is also discussed.
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