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- Hagstrom, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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IMPACT OF BODY WEIGHT AT AGE 20 AND WEIGHT GAIN DURING ADULTHOOD ON MIDLIFE CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM IN 15,000 MEN AND WOMEN : AN INTERIM ANALYSIS OF THE SWEDISH CARDIOPULMONARY BIOIMAGE STUDY
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 73:9, s. 1692-1692
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundElevated body weight in adolescence is strongly associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, or to weight gain with subsequent high adult weight is not known. Using data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), we investigated the association between weight at age 20, weight gain to midlife and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) at midlife.MethodsIn the first 15,810 participants in SCAPIS (mean age 58 years, 52% women), data on CACS at midlife, self-reported body weight at age 20 and weight at examination in SCAPIS were recorded.ResultsCACS in midlife was significantly higher with increasing weight at age 20 (p<0.001 for both sexes), and then increased with weight gain until midlife at all levels of body weight at age 20 after adjusting for age, height, smoking, alcohol intake, education level, exercise levels and LDL cholesterol. However, the association with weight gain was only significant in men (p = 0.047), not in women (p=0.474). No significant interaction was seen between weight at age 20 and midlife weight with CACS. The effect of weight at age 20 on CACS was significantly more marked in men than in women, as was the effect of weight gain (p<0.001 for both interactions).ConclusionWeight at age 20 and weight gain to midlife were both related to CACS, but much more markedly so in men than in women, indicating a generally larger effect of both early adult weight and further weight gain until midlife on CACS in men, compared to women.
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- Söderberg, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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MEASURES OF WAIST AND HIP MODIFY SEX-SPECIFIC ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND PREVALENCE OF CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 73:9, s. 13-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, there is still a debate whether accumulation of fat in certain depots modifies this risk. Using data from the CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), we investigated if anthropometric measurements of obesity (waist and hip) modifies the risk of coronary artery calcification. Methods: In the first 15,810 participants in SCAPIS (mean age 58 years, 52% women), data on coronary artery calcification score (CACS) and anthropometry were recorded and traditional cardiovascular risk factors were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized as; <25, 25-30, 30-35 and >35 kg/m2 , quartiles of waist and hip circumferences were constructed within each BMI category and compared using the lowest quartile as reference. Results were adjusted for site, age, smoking and diabetes status. Results: Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2 ) was found in 21.9% of men and in 20.5% of women. In both sexes the odds ratio (OR) for CACS >0 increased with increasing BMI categories: comparing <25 and >35 kg/m2 , OR = 2.1 (95% CI: 1.6-2.7) for men and OR = 1.4 (1.2-1.8) for women. In addition, increasing quartiles of waist significantly increased the prevalence of CACS >0 for men [p = 0.05; OR = 1.2 (1.0-1.4) for highest quartile] and women [p = 0.005; OR = 1.3 (1.1-1.5)] while increasing quartiles of hip significantly decreased the prevalence for men [p = 0.005; OR = 0.8 (0.6-0.9)] and women [p = 0.04; OR = 0.8 (0.7-0.9)]. Data on education level and physical activity did not affect the model. Conclusion: Increased BMI is associated with increased prevalence of coronary artery calcification and the distribution of fat modifies this risk. Our results suggest that gluteofemoral adipose tissue (hip) counteracts the negative effects associated with BMI and abdominal adipose tissue (waist).
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- Alvarsson Jan-Åke, Agüero Oscar, Bretschneider Peter, Brunius Staffan, Gumucio Juan Carlos, Gurt Carl-Johan, Hultkrantz Åke, Isacsson Sven-Erik, Johnsson Mick, Kurkiala Mikael, Liljefors-Persson Bodil, Perruchon Marie & Århem Kaj
(författare)
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Amerikas indiankulturer
- 1997
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Pernilla, 1992-
(författare)
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Age-differential effects on indices of brain structure and function associated with proactive interference control in working memory
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is general consensus that older age, even in the absence of neurological pathologies, comes with several cognitive challenges with some of the most severe effects being related to working memory ability. The ability to control proactive interference (PI) in working memory is lower in older age and has been suggested to, at least partly, account for age-related working memory decline. PI refers to memory interferences arising from previous, but outdated, information interfering with new, goal-relevant, information. Older age is also accompanied by alterations in the structure and function of the brain. However, how age-related differences in the ability to control PI are related to age-related neural alterations is not fully understood. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to explore the neural underpinnings of reduced ability to control PI in working memory in aging.Study I found that white-matter integrity (WMI) is significantly associated with the ability to control PI, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and mediates the relationship between age – PI in older adult, in line with the cortical disconnection hypothesis. Study II found that hippocampal subfield volume is negatively associated with PI both cross-sectionally and longitudinally in older adults, in line with a hypothesized role of this region in controlling PI in working memory. Study III found that the ability to control PI is differentially associated with IFG-based and whole brain rsFC pattern in older, compared to younger, adults and these patterns were in line with compensation-based accounts of cognitive aging.Collectively, the findings from the three studies support and extend previous findings by demonstrating that age-related differences and changes in brain structure and function associated with a reduced ability to control PI in working memory in older age.
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- Andhill, Carl Johan, et al.
(författare)
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ViPCity
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today simulation studies in ViP are mainly carried out in countryside driving environments. There is a lack of city environments. This is probably due to the fact that creating and running countryside environments in some aspects are easier than creating and running city environments. Another reason might be that countryside driving is very relevant in Swedish studies.As projects, and markets, become more international the need for city simulator studies becomes more important. Many drivers around the world do most of their driving in cities.In the ViPCity project software has been developed which facilitates the generation of driving environments for city simulations on the ViP platform. The project result is a number of assets (software, file formats and 3D components) which integrates well with the ViP platform. These assets together give simulator users the possibility to design city environments in a fast and easy way. The software has been implemented and tested successfully in Scania’s truck simulator.
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| 9. |
- Appelstrand, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Kan ett ökat biobränsleuttag kombineras med god miljöhänsyn? : Resultat av en intervjustudie med skogsbrukets aktörer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Stubbskörd - hur påverkas klimat och miljö? - hur påverkas klimat och miljö?. - 9789157694546 - 9789157694553 ; , s. 76-79
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är många maskiner och människor engagerade i en avverkning där man tar ut virke, grot och stubbar. En serie djupintervjuer med olika intressenter och aktörer visar att det finns stora brister i planering, logistik och kommunikation mellan de olika leden i kedjan, speciellt då flera olika entreprenörer är inblandade. Svaren visar också att det finns ett behov av bättre utbildning – och att man måste bli bättre på att ta tillvara den kunskap som finns, framförallt hos maskinförare och entreprenörer.
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