| 1. |
- Hansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Didaktisk bildning som alternativ till PCK
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vilka kunskaper är det som skapar själva lärarprofessionen? I högskoleförordningen (SFS 1993:100) benämns en del av det som ”kunskaper i didaktik och ämnesdidaktik inklusive metodik” och det spänner alltså från övergripande undervisningsperspektiv till den enskilda lärarens praktik. Vi är intresserade av hur ”det stora” (värdegrund, kunskaper om globala utmaningar, ”citizenship education”, didaktiska teorier etc., eller om man så vill didaktisk bildning) kommer till uttryck i ”det lilla”, alltså praxis. Vi använder begreppet didaktisk bildning som ett fylligare och mer mångbottnat alternativ till det anglosaxiska ”Pedagogical Content Knowledge” (PCK), som under senare år har gjort tydliga insteg i svensk ämnesdidaktisk forskning. PCK tar sin utgångspunkt i frågan vilka didaktiska kunskaper som den gode ämnesläraren behöver. Kansanen (2009) menar att PCK fokuserar på den didaktiska hur-frågan, medan den tyska didaktiktraditionen är inriktad på varför-frågan och dess följder för praxis. Med begreppet didaktisk bildning vill vi således anslå ett perspektiv som riktar blicken såväl inåt – mot det som sker i klassrummet – som utåt – mot exempelvis debatt, diskurser och traditioner som påverkar läraren. Den didaktiskt bildade läraren har en mångfacetterad förståelse för undervisningsämnet (inklusive goda kunskaper både i och om ämnet) och problematiserar dess selektiva traditioner. Hen har kunskap, bildning och handlingskompetens att självständigt fatta didaktiska beslut som gör att ”det stora” kommer till uttryck i ”det lilla”. Tillsammans representerar vi tre olika ämnesdidaktiska spår: språk- och litteraturdidaktik, SO-didaktik respektive NO-didaktik.
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| 2. |
- Hjärthag, Fredrik, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Professional views of supporting relatives of mental health clients with severe mental illness
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - : Sage Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854. ; 63:1, s. 63-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Supporting families where one person suffers from long-term severe mental illness (SMI) is essential, but seems hard to reach. The aim of this study was to examine professionals’ views of supporting relatives of persons with SMI. Material: Individual interviews mirroring personal narratives and group interviews reflecting group-processed answers were conducted among 23 professionals and analyzed thematically. Results: Three themes emerged: (a) information and group interaction reduces stigma and increases well-being, (b) professionals need to feel secure and confident about how the support structure works and (c) collaboration is difficult but required on several levels. Conclusion: Trusting relationships with families were considered important, although seldom achieved; professionals wished to feel secure in their role toward relatives of a person with SMI; and professionals wanted to feel confident when working together with other services to support families.
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| 3. |
- Ingvarsdotter, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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How Professionals View Multifamily Psychoeducation : A Qualitative Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Psychiatric quarterly. - New York : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0033-2720 .- 1573-6709. ; 87:2, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe mental illness causes suffering for the patient as well as the patient’s immediate family. The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has recommended the implementation of multifamily psychoeducation in order to assist patient and family in the recovery process. The aim of this study was to determine how introducing multifamily psychoeducation in Sweden has been viewed by professionals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 service providers, who were involved in evaluating multifamily psychoeducation. Our main findings fell under the headings of defensive culture and unsuitable model. Resistance to introducing the new intervention was found on multiple levels. The model proposed was considered too rigid for both the target group and the organizations because it could not be adjusted to the needs of patients, families, or facilitators. Despite good evidence for the effectiveness of the intervention, there were difficulties introducing the multifamily psychoeducation model in clinical practice. The feasibility of an intervention needs to be evaluated before adopting it as a national guideline.
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| 4. |
- Persson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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A Mismatch of Paradigms Disrupts the Introduction of Psycho-Educative Interventions for Families of Persons with SMI : An Interview Study with Staff from Community Services
- 2018
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Ingår i: Community mental health journal. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0010-3853 .- 1573-2789. ; 55:4, s. 663-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment and support of people diagnosed with severe mental illness in Sweden takes place in out-patient psychiatric services or municipality services. Most of the responsibility for support in daily life are provided by the close family. One crucial matter is how to support these families. This research project aimed to investigate the Swedish construction with shared responsibility between county psychiatric care and municipality social care for consumers with severe mental illness affects actions in municipalities in relation to family support. Ten representatives from five municipality settings were interviewed. Five semi-structured interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis. The following themes emerged; One overarching theme, “a mismatch of paradigms”, and sub-themes: (a) “accentuating differences”, (b) “doubts about including the entire family in the same session” and (c) “lack of a uniform family support policy”. We conclude that a shared mandate needs a dialogue between psychiatric and municipality services concerning this mismatch.
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| 5. |
- Serneke, Byggkoncern
(författare)
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H22-huset : En ny bostadstyp mot ensamhet
- 2023
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kan vi bygga bort ofrivillig ensamhet i Sverige? Inom det Vinnova-finansierade projektet H22 Alone Together har vi under två års tid ställt oss denna fråga. Resultatet av gemensamma krafter blev en helt ny bostadstyp, H22-huset.
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| 6. |
- Shokrollahi, Azad, et al.
(författare)
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Passive Infrared Sensor-Based Occupancy Monitoring in Smart Buildings : A Review of Methodologies and Machine Learning Approaches
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 24:5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Buildings are rapidly becoming more digitized, largely due to developments in the internet of things (IoT). This provides both opportunities and challenges. One of the central challenges in the process of digitizing buildings is the ability to monitor these buildings' status effectively. This monitoring is essential for services that rely on information about the presence and activities of individuals within different areas of these buildings. Occupancy information (including people counting, occupancy detection, location tracking, and activity detection) plays a vital role in the management of smart buildings. In this article, we primarily focus on the use of passive infrared (PIR) sensors for gathering occupancy information. PIR sensors are among the most widely used sensors for this purpose due to their consideration of privacy concerns, cost-effectiveness, and low processing complexity compared to other sensors. Despite numerous literature reviews in the field of occupancy information, there is currently no literature review dedicated to occupancy information derived specifically from PIR sensors. Therefore, this review analyzes articles that specifically explore the application of PIR sensors for obtaining occupancy information. It provides a comprehensive literature review of PIR sensor technology from 2015 to 2023, focusing on applications in people counting, activity detection, and localization (tracking and location). It consolidates findings from articles that have explored and enhanced the capabilities of PIR sensors in these interconnected domains. This review thoroughly examines the application of various techniques, machine learning algorithms, and configurations for PIR sensors in indoor building environments, emphasizing not only the data processing aspects but also their advantages, limitations, and efficacy in producing accurate occupancy information. These developments are crucial for improving building management systems in terms of energy efficiency, security, and user comfort, among other operational aspects. The article seeks to offer a thorough analysis of the present state and potential future advancements of PIR sensor technology in efficiently monitoring and understanding occupancy information by classifying and analyzing improvements in these domains.
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| 7. |
- Stefansson, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic generation of passive infrared motion sensor data using a game engine
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 21:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantifying the number of occupants in an indoor space is useful for a wide variety of applications. Attempts have been made at solving the task using passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor data together with supervised learning methods. Collecting a large labeled dataset containing both PIR motion sensor data and ground truth people count is however time-consuming, often requiring one hour of observation for each hour of data gathered. In this paper, a method is proposed for generating such data synthetically. A simulator is developed in the Unity game engine capable of producing synthetic PIR motion sensor data by detecting simulated occupants. The accuracy of the simulator is tested by replicating a real-world meeting room inside the simulator and conducting an experiment where a set of choreographed movements are performed in the simulated environment as well as the real room. In 34 out of 50 tested situations, the output from the simulated PIR sensors is comparable to the output from the real-world PIR sensors. The developed simulator is also used to study how a PIR sensor’s output changes depending on where in a room a motion is carried out. Through this, the relationship between sensor output and spatial position of a motion is discovered to be highly non-linear, which highlights some of the difficulties associated with mapping PIR data to occupancy count.
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| 8. |
- Wirsén, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Burdens experienced and perceived needs of relatives of persons with SMI : A systematic meta-synthesis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Mental Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0963-8237 .- 1360-0567. ; 29:6, s. 712-721
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Close relatives of people with severe mental illness (SMI) experience problems known as family burdens. In addition, they may have their own needs for support, something often overlooked by the healthcare system. Meta-syntheses in this area may help explore the meaning of the experience of living with someone who has a SMI.AIM: Our aim was to describe the burdens experienced and needs perceived on a daily basis by relatives to someone who has a SMI.METHODS: The databases PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychInfo were searched using a systematic search strategy. Studies were screened for relevance and quality was appraised. A meta-synthesis of nine qualitative studies was then conducted.RESULTS: The nine studies discerned the following themes. Burden themes; Forced to carry a sometimes unbearable burden; Burdened by own ill-health and disrupted relationships; Distressed and stigmatized by society. Needs themes; strengthening protective factors; Skills and practical support greatly appreciated.CONCLUSIONS: The burdens and needs of relatives of persons with SMI strongly influence their lives. They require relief from both practical and emotional burdens. Family interventions and other programs to support relatives should be encouraged with this knowledge in mind.
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| 9. |
- Östman, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Family-Based Psycho-education : A Model Outmoded In Psychiatric Services Today?
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Family-based psycho-education – a model outmoded in psychiatric services today? Aim: To illuminate aspects of the resistance against a family based intervention a qualitative interview study with professionals was accomplished. Background: Family-based psycho-educational models, developed in the beginning of the 1970s, have in several Cochrane reviews shown evidence for a reduced rate of relapse and increased adherence to medication. Studies included in these meta-analyses all encompassed patients receiving in-patient care, and requiring relatives partaking in an extensive educational program. A multi-center randomised control study in Sweden, aimed to investigate the effects of a twelve-month long intervention of a psycho - educational model for people with severe mental illness, SMI, in psychiatric and community settings, showed a powerful resistance from primarily the professionals which had been well trained in the model and secondly the patients which had been offered the intervention. Method: In-depth interviews with 24 professions in psychiatric and community outpatient settings engaged in the RCT study. Results: The findings showed that both patients and professional partners are skeptical about treatment programs of family psycho-pedagogical nature and prefer pure patient perspective and more acute short interventions. A reason for this was according to the professions lack of resources, while their patients experienced a hindrance in bothering their loved ones. Conclusion: The findings might show that the model per se is outmoded, not fitting the new structures of support, with reduced inpatient care, for people with SMI. In worst case, the findings might indicate that family psycho education, notwithstanding evidence based, is unavailable to people with SMI and their relatives which might contribute to a structural stigmatization of this population. More research is needed to understand if our findings are consistent with findings in other international contexts.
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