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- Andersson, Per A., et al.
(författare)
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Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Research. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between state-based emotions and judgments may seem universal, its strength varies across countries. Aligned with theoretical predictions, this link is stronger in societies, and among individuals, that place higher value on individual autonomy. Thus, autonomy values may increase the role that emotions play in guiding judgments of social sanctions.
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- Berglund, K. M., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of pain and dysfunction in the cervical and thoracic spine in persons with and without lateral elbow pain
- 2008
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Ingår i: Manual Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1356-689X .- 1532-2769. ; 13:4, s. 295-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to Survey the prevalence of pain in the cervical and thoracic spine (C2-T7) in persons with and Without lateral elbow pain. Thirty-one subjects with lateral elbow pain and 31 healthy controls participated in the study. The assessment comprised a pain drawing, provocation tests of the cervical and thoracic spine, a neurodynamic test of the radial nerve, and active cervical range of motion. Seventy percent of the subjects with lateral elbow pain indicated pain in the cervical or thoracic spine, as compared to 16% in the control group (p< ;0.001). The frequency of pain responses to the provocation tests of the cervical and thoracic spine was significantly higher (p< ;0.05) in the lateral elbow pain (LEP) group, as was the frequency of pain responses to the neurodynamic test of the radial nerve (p< ;0.001). Cervical flexion and extension range of motion was significantly lower (p< ;0.01) in the LEP group. The results indicate a relation between lateral elbow pain and pain in the vertebral spine (C2-T7). The cervical and thoracic spine should be included in the assessment of patients with lateral elbow pain.
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- Röcklinsberg, H., et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating decision making in public procurement of food through digital tools
- 2016
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Ingår i: Food Futures. Ethics, science and Culture. - The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers. - 9789086862887 ; , s. 199-205
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We’ll scrutinize value challenges faced by public food procurement managers to ensure multiple values are met within a limited budget and under current regulations. The current highly complex food system makes informed, conscious and morally justified food choices most challenging. As about three million public meals are served daily in Sweden alone, procurement managers’ and purchasers’ choice of food has considerable impact on worker conditions, animal welfare and the environment. The combination of commodification of farm animals and the environment and the lowest price policy have contributed to downplay ethical values such as animal welfare or sustaining biodiversity in past procurement legislation (2004/18/EG). However, the recent EU directive extends the possibilities for taking such added values into consideration, highlighting the need to include externalised factors in food procurement decisions (Directive 2014/24/EU). Our hypothesis is that even if procurement guides such as the Swedish criteria for public procurement and the ones from the European Commission provide useful factual information about different products and requirements on production it leaves the procurement manager with a difficult task: to balance facts and added values in order to implement an institution’s policy or meet multiple values. We see a need of a new set of digital tools to provide guidance, facilitate ethical decision-making and to relieve the moral stress of procurement managers. In the following we will outline nutritional, animal welfare and environmental related values in food systems, describe ethical aspects of guides for public procurement and some ethical decision-making tools, and finally tentatively suggest a set of digital tools to facilitate handling multiple values to ensure the best possible decisions are made to meet citizens’ interests and work towards food production systems that stay within the planetary boundaries.
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