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- Gupta, G., et al.
(författare)
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Exploiting Mass Spectrometry to Unlock the Mechanism of Nanoparticle-Induced Inflammasome Activation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acs Nano. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:17, s. 17451-17467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoparticles (NPs) elicit sterile inflammation, but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. Here, we report that human monocytes are particularly vulnerable to amorphous silica NPs, as evidenced by single-cell-based analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyToF), while silane modification of the NPs mitigated their toxicity. Using human THP-1 cells as a model, we observed cellular internalization of silica NPs by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) and this was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Lipid droplet accumulation was also noted in the exposed cells. Furthermore, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) revealed specific changes in plasma membrane lipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) in silica NP-exposed cells, and subsequent studies suggested that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) acts as a cell autonomous signal for inflammasome activation in the absence of priming with a microbial ligand. Moreover, we found that silica NPs elicited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in monocytes, whereas cell death transpired through a non-apoptotic, lipid peroxidation-dependent mechanism. Together, these data further our understanding of the mechanism of sterile inflammation.
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| 2. |
- Kumpulainen, Atte J., et al.
(författare)
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Headgroup and hydrocarbon tail effects on the surface tension of sugar-based surfactant solutions
- 2004
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 20:25, s. 10935-10942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of surface tension isotherms were conducted for water solutions of pure and mixed n-decyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (C-10-Glu) and n-deCyl-beta-D-maltopyranoside (C-10-Mal) surfactants. By applying the Gibbs surface tension equation, the surface densities of Glu and Mal were derived for different compositions and concentrations. The surface fractions were compared with theoretically calculated values where the headgroups were modeled as hard disks. Satisfactory agreement was found for hard-disk sizes of 22.9 and 11.3 Angstrom(2) in the case of a 1:1 mixture. The results of the hard-disk calculations were employed to estimate the configurational free energy of the n-decyl-hydrocarbon chain. The results obtained agree well with previous calculations for the n-dodecyl chain. Comparison with n-dodecyl beta-D-maltopyranoside (C-12-Mal) indicated a further contribution, with the longer hydrocarbon chain giving rise to a higher surface tension in good agreement with data for hydrocarbon liquids. Furthermore, the interpenetration of the headgroup into the hydrocarbon film was studied by means of comparing surface-tension data for n-decyl- and n-dodecyl-ethylene-oxide-based surfactants and n-decyl- and n-dodecyl-beta-D-thiomaltopyranosides (C-10-S-Mal and C-12-S-Mal, respectively) and -maltopyranosides. It was found that lengthening the tetra(etylene oxide) chain by one segment affects the surface tension only marginally, indicating little interpenetration of the additional ethylene-oxide group into the hydrocarbon film. For the thiomaltosides, however, the corresponding effect was found to be remarkably high.
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| 4. |
- Lewis, Jeffrey, et al.
(författare)
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PFAS – A threat for groundwater and drinking water supply in Sweden?
- 2015
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Ingår i: EGU General Assembly 2015. ; 17
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of anthropogenic environmental pollutants that are widely distributed in the global environment. They have multiple industrial uses, including water repellents in clothing, paper coatings and firefighting foam. According to a study released by the Environmental Directorate of the OECD, they are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic to mammalian species (OECD, 2002). In some municipal drinking water wells in Sweden, measured concentrations of PFAS found to be several hundred times higher than the allowed threshold values. This has created a huge public concern and has recently attracted much media attention in Sweden (e.g. Afzelius et al., 2014; Bergman et al., 2014; Lewis et al., 2014). PFAS findings raised questions such as “What can we do to solve the problem?” When it comes to drinking water, there are a number of techniques that can ensure that PFAS levels are reduced to acceptable levels. This may be a costly challenge, but from a technical point of view it is possible. To ensure the safety of drinking water from a public health perspective is obviously a top priority. However, international experience shows that the cost of cleaning up PFAS in groundwater may be significantly higher than continuously treat drinking water in water works. Approximately fifty percent of Sweden’s drinking water comes from groundwater. As a result, there are several ongoing and planned PFAS-related environmental and drinking-water investigations in Sweden. Many aquifers that supply municipal water plants are located in areas of sand and gravel deposits. Such soils have relatively high permeabilities, which permits extraction of large volumes of water. However, the downside to high permeabilities is that they also allow dissolved contaminants as PFAS to spread over large areas. If one disregards the health risks linked to its presence in drinking water, PFAS have an impact on three of Sweden’s national environmental quality objectives, namely, A Non-Toxic Environment, Flourishing Lakes and Streams and Good-Quality Groundwater. Although the survey of PFAS in our groundwater supplies will take time, it is feasible. Much research in the field of hydrogeology and geochemistry remains before a viable and cost-effective groundwater remediation method can be operational. Until then, it is essential that measures are taken to identify the present distribution and magnitude of PFAS in groundwater and prevents its further spread in our most important aquifers. Afzelius, H. et al., 2014. Vågar vi dricka kranvattnet? (Do we dare drinking tap water?), Svenska Dagbladet. Bergman, Å., Hansson, S.O., Hellsten, E., 2014. En miljöskandal av historiska mått (An environmental scandal of historic proportions), Svenska Dagbladet. Lewis, J. et al., 2014. Kartlägg det förorenade dricksvattnet (Survey the contaminated drinking water), Svenska Dagbladet. OECD, 2002. Hazard Assessment of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and its Salt.
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