| 1. |
- Wan, Y., et al.
(författare)
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First reported nonpeptide AT1 receptor agonist (L-162,313) acts as an AT2 receptor agonist in vivo
- 2004
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Ingår i: J Med Chem. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 47:6, s. 1536-1546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this investigation, it is demonstrated that the first nonpeptide AT(1) receptor agonist L-162,313 (1), disclosed in 1994, also acts as an agonist at the AT(2) receptor. In anesthetized rats, administration of compound 1 intravenously or locally in the duodenum increased duodenal mucosal alkaline secretion, effects that were sensitive to the selective AT(2) receptor antagonist PD-123,319. The data strongly suggest that 1 is an AT(2) receptor agonist in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this substance is the first nonpeptidic low-molecular weight compound with an agonistic effect mediated through the AT(2) receptor.
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| 2. |
- Snygg, Johan, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal nitric oxide output during reduced mucosal blood flow in healthy volunteers.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Critical care medicine. - 0090-3493. ; 31:8, s. 2198-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide regulates epithelial permeability and other properties of the intestinal mucosal barrier. It previously has been shown in animals that intestinal mucosal nitric oxide production is impaired during gut hypoperfusion. The study was performed to confirm the presence of intestinal mucosal nitric oxide production in humans and to investigate the effect of gut hypoperfusion due to moderate arterial hypotension on intestinal nitric oxide concentrations. DESIGN: Open study where each subject served as his own control. SETTING: Clinical research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Nine healthy volunteers were intubated with a nasogastrointestinal tube for recordings in the distal duodenum. Intestinal nitric oxide output and motility were assessed by tonometry and manometry, respectively. Laser Doppler flowmetry and plasma angiotensin II concentration were used to investigate mucosal perfusion and a vasoregulatory response. INTERVENTIONS: Moderate hypotension was induced with lower body negative pressure over 1 hr. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Intestinal nitric oxide production varied in parallel with the migrating motor complex. Low values were obtained during phase I and peak values during phase III. Lower body negative pressure was initiated at a well-defined point in the migrating motor complex cycle. It was followed by a 40 +/- 6% reduction of laser Doppler flow signal, a 778 +/- 138% increase in angiotensin II, and a reduction in intestinal mucosal nitric oxide production by 48 +/- 8%. After lower body negative pressure, laser Doppler signal and angiotensin II concentrations returned to baseline levels within 1 hr, whereas intestinal nitric oxide output remained decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal tonometry in humans exhibits a considerable mucosal nitric oxide formation that varies in relation to intestinal motility. Intestinal nitric oxide production is depressed during conditions with lowered mucosal blood perfusion.
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| 6. |
- Chalangar, Ebrahim, PhD student, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanorods Using Sol-gel Seeding and Colloidal Lithography Patterning
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nanoscale Research Letters. - Heidelberg : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7573 .- 1556-276X. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different ZnO nanostructures can be grown using low-cost chemical bath deposition. Although this technique is cost-efficient and flexible, the final structures are usually randomly oriented and hardly controllable in terms of homogeneity and surface density. In this work, we use colloidal lithography to pattern (100) silicon substrates to fully control the nanorods' morphology and density. Moreover, a sol-gel prepared ZnO seed layer was employed to compensate for the lattice mismatch between the silicon substrate and ZnO nanorods. The results show a successful growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanorods with controllable diameter and density in the designated openings in the patterned resist mask deposited on the seed layer. Our method can be used to fabricate optimized devices where vertically ordered ZnO nanorods of high crystalline quality are crucial for the device performance.
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| 8. |
- DAWODY, JAZAER, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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An integrated system for energy-efficient exhaust aftertreatment for heavy-duty vehicles
- 2015
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Ingår i: Renewable Energy in the Service of Mankind. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319177779 - 9783319177762 ; 1, s. 133-143
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015. This chapter presents a unique system approach applied in a joint academic- industrial research programme, E4 Mistra, to attain the goals of high energy efficiency and low emissions in an exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy-duty vehicles. The high energy efficiency is achieved by heat recuperation, onboard hydrogen production for NOx reduction, and by finding new solutions for making the aftertreatment system active at low exhaust temperatures. To reach low particulate emissions, a mechanical filter using a sintered metal powder is developed and coated with catalytic material to improve the soot oxidation efficiency. Low NOx emissions are achieved by an efficient NOx reduction catalyst. The integrated E4 Mistra system comprises four technological advances: thermoelectric (TE) materials for heat recuperation, catalytic reduction of NOx over innovative catalyst substrates using either the onboard diesel or biodiesel, H2 from a high-efficiency fuel reformer, and particulate filtration over a porous metal filter. The TE materials are used in a TE generator (TEG) which converts thermal energy into electricity. The TEG is used to recuperate heat from the exhaust-gas recirculation (EGR) circuit of heavy-duty trucks and is expected to generate ~1 kW electric power from 20 kW heat in the exhaust gas. The TEG is integrated in a plate heat exchanger (HEX) designed particularly for this application. Apart from the knowledge and experiences in TEG and heat exchange technologies, a thorough fluid dynamics and TE analysis are performed in this project to understand the governing processes and optimize the system accordingly. The components of the E4 Mistra system are explained in the chapter in addition to test results, which show the system's capacity for H2 production, NOx conversion, particulate matter filtration and soot oxidation, and finally electric power generation via heat recuperation from the exhaust gas using the developed TEG-HEX system.
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| 9. |
- DAWODY, JAZAER, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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E4-Mistra, a research program for the development of an energy efficient low emission exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Renewable Energy Forum, WREF 2012, Including World Renewable Energy Congress XII and Colorado Renewable Energy Society (CRES) Annual Conference. - : American Solar Energy Society. - 9781622760923 ; , s. 4530-4536
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a unique system approach applied in a joint academic - industrial research program, E4 Mistra, to reach the goals of energy efficiency and low emissions exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles. The high energy efficiency is achieved by heat recuperation, on-board hydrogen production for use in both an auxiliary power unit and for NOx reduction and by finding new solutions for making the after-treatment system active at low exhaust temperatures. To reach low particulate emissions a mechanical filter using a sintered metal filter is developed. Low NOx emissions are achieved by an efficient NOx reduction catalyst. The system is based on four technological advances: Thermoelectric material s for heat recuperation, catalytic reduction of NOx over innovative catalyst substrates using hydrocarbons from the fuel and H2 from a high efficiency fuel reformer, and particulate filtration over a porous metal filter.
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