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Sökning: WFRF:(Qiu Yanling) > Yin Ge

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1.
  • Zhou, Yihui, et al. (författare)
  • Chlorinated Paraffins in Human Milk from Urban Sites in China, Sweden, and Norway
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 54:7, s. 4356-4366
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Short-, medium-, and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs) were analyzed in human milk from the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Scandinavia. Individual samples were collected from Shanghai, Jiaxing, and Shaoxing (China), Stockholm (Sweden), and Bodø (Norway) between 2010 and 2016. Mean concentrations (range) of SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs in samples from the YRD were 124 [-1 fat, respectively, all of which were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than 15.9 (-1 fat, respectively, in samples from Scandinavia. MCCPs predominate in most samples, and LCCP concentrations exceed reported for polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human milk from the same regions. This study is the first to confirm LCCP exposure via breastfeeding. Principal component analysis showed that the YRD samples were more influenced by SCCPs than the Scandinavian samples, which mirror different exposures to CPs between the regions. Because of a large variation in concentrations among individuals, SCCP intake via breastfeeding indicated a potential health concern in the 90th percentile among Chinese infants. Further, CP concentrations in the YRD samples from first-time mothers were on average three times higher than from second-time mothers. In order to limit the worldwide CP contamination, the inclusion of SCCPs as persistent organic pollutants in the Stockholm Convention needs to be followed up, with the inclusion of MCCPs and LCCPs as well.
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2.
  • Chemical Pollution - Challenges in the Yangtze River Delta, China : A 2017 Sino-Swedish Research Report
  • 2017
  • Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Over time China became the globally most important manufacturer of chemicals and inherited the pollution problems with production and use of chemicals. The Yangtze River Delta is very much a central area for the chemical production and for manufacturing of a variety of chemical products, materials and goods. A science based cooperation between researchers from Tongji University, Stockholm University and the Swedish Museum of Natural History started to develop in the first decade of the present century. The cooperation was aimed to improve the understanding of chemical pollutants and their influence on wildlife and humans in the Yangtze River Delta area, to generate novel data and establish advanced chemical monitoring programs.Chemical Pollution — Challenges in the Yangtze River Delta is the first scientific report of the Chemstrres project, "Swedish-Chinese chemical pollution stress and risks research program in the Yangtze River Delta region". The project has been funded by the Swedish Research Council. This book covers the essentials of the natural, social, economic, and chemical environments of the Yangtze River Delta, as well as an up-to-date, introduction of the research activities and highlights within Chemstrres. The book is aimed to attract readers from all sectors of society; vivid graphics and diagrams can be found throughout the text. Both Chemstrres project and this book are expected to bring scientists and decision makers closer together, to enable science based management for improved human health and environmental prosperity. 
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3.
  • Du, Xinyu, et al. (författare)
  • Distribution, behavior, and risk assessment of chlorinated paraffins in paddy plants throughout whole growth cycle
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 167
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Paddy plants provide staple food for 3 billion people worldwide. This study explores the environmental fate and behavior of a high-volume production emerging contaminants chlorinated paraffins (CPs) in the paddy ecosystem. Very-short-, short-, medium-, and long-chain CPs (vSCCPs, SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs, respectively) were analyzed in specific tissue of paddy plants at four main growth stages and soils from the Yangtze River Delta, China throughout a full rice growing season. The total CP concentrations in the paddy roots, stalks, leaves, panicles, hulls, rice, and soils ranged from 181 to 1.74 × 103, 21.7–383, 19.6–585, 108–332, 245–470, 59.6–130, and 99.6–400 ng/g dry weight, respectively. The distribution profile indicated the translocation of SCCPs and MCCPs from soils to paddy tissue, highlighting their elevated bioaccumulative potential. The evolution of CP level/mass/pattern during the whole growth cycle suggested atmospheric CPs deposition on leaves and hulls, as well as stalk-rice transfer. CSOIL plant uptake model well predicted the level, distribution pattern, and bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of SCCPs and MCCPs in paddy shoot and recognized the soil-air-shoot pathway as the major contributor. Moreover, risk evaluation indicated that MCCPs intake and subsequent risks dominated the total exposure to CPs via rice ingestion. This is the first report on the occurrence, fate and risk assessment of all CPs classes in paddy ecosystems, and the results underline the potential health effects caused by the in-use MCCPs via rice ingestion.
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4.
  • Du, Xinyu, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluating oral and inhalation bioaccessibility of indoor dust-borne short- and median-chain chlorinated paraffins using in vitro Tenax-assisted physiologically based method
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 402
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Though ingestion and inhalation of dust have been suggested as important exposure routes contributing chlorinated paraffins (CPs) build-up in humans, the bioaccessibility of dust-borne CPs in the organ environment has not been well-studied, which may hinder an accurate estimation of exposure risks. In this study, the ingestion and inhalation bioaccessibility of dust-borne shortand median-chain CPs (SCCPs and MCCPs) was assessed using (colon-extended) physiologically based extraction test with the addition of Tenax. The ingestion bioaccessibility of SCCPs 51.5 %Cl, SCCPs 63 %Cl, MCCPs 42 %Cl, and MCCPs 57 %Cl was in ranges of 21.1-44.0 %, 11.7-45.8 %, 21.9-36.6 %, and 7.9-32.9 %, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated statistically significant associations of ingestion bioaccessibility with carbon chain length and chlorine substitution. The ingestion bioaccessibility of CPs also increased with co-existence of carbohydrate/protein. The inhalation bioaccessibility of SCCPs (16.7-38.7 % in artificial lysosomal fluid and 15.5-34.1 % in modified Gamble solution) was significantly higher than MCCPs (< 5 %), and varied with dust particle size/total organic carbon content. Our study indicates that modest bioaccessible fractions of CPs in dust should be taken into account to refine the estimation of human exposure, and their bioaccessibility may be affected by CP molecular size, nutritional content and dust property.
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5.
  • Du, Xinyu, et al. (författare)
  • Short-, Medium-, and Long-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins in Wildlife from Paddy Fields in the Yangtze River Delta
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 52:3, s. 1072-1080
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) were added to Annex A of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in April, 2017. As a consequence of this regulation, increasing production and usage of alternatives, such as medium- and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs and LCCPs, respectively), is expected. Little is known about the environmental fate and behavior of MCCPs and LCCPs. In the present study, SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs were analyzed in nine wildlife species from paddy fields in the Yangtze River Delta, China, using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs were detected in all samples at concentrations ranging from <91-43000, 96-33 000, and 14-10000 ng/g lipid, respectively. Most species contained primarily MCCPs (on average 44%), with the exception of collared scops owl and common cuckoo, in which SCCPs (43%) accumulated to a significantly (i.e., p < 0.05) greater extent than MCCPs (40%). Cl-6 groups were dominant in most species except for yellow weasel and short-tailed mamushi, which contained primarily Cl-7 groups. Principal components analysis, together with CP concentrations and carbon stable isotope analysis showed that habitat and feeding habits were key factors driving CP accumulation and congener group patterns in wildlife. This is the first report of LCCP exposure in wildlife and highlights the need for data on risks associated with CP usage.
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6.
  • Du, Xinyu, et al. (författare)
  • Tissue-Specific Accumulation, Sexual Difference, and Maternal Transfer of Chlorinated Paraffins in Black-Spotted Frogs
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 53:9, s. 4739-4746
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The restriction on usage of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) under Stockholm Convention may promote the production and application of medium chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) and long chain chlorinated paraffins (LCCPs) as substitutes. This study focused on the tissue-specific exposure to SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs in black-spotted frog, a prevalent amphibian species in the Yangtze River Delta, China. The total CP concentrations in frog liver, muscle, and egg samples ranged of 35-1200, 6.3-97, and 6.8-300 ng/g wet weight (ww), respectively. Livers and eggs contained primary SCCPs (on average 78%) while MCCPs (43%) together with SCCPs (41%) were dominant in muscles. A significantly negative correlation was observed between hepatosomatic index and CPs concentration in liver (p < 0.01), indicating that CP exposure may lower survival rates of frogs by suppressing the energy storage in liver. Additionally, maternal transfer, an important uptake pathway for CPs, was evaluated for the first time by calculating the ratios of CP levels in eggs to those in their paired liver tissues. The ratio of egg to liver for CP congener groups raised with the increasing of log K-ow values, indicating mother to egg transport of CPs was related to the lipophilicity of the chemicals.
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8.
  • Yin, Ge, et al. (författare)
  • A refined method for analysis of 4,4 '-dicofol and 4,4 '-dichlorobenzophenone
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 24:15, s. 13307-13314
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The acaricide, dicofol, is a well-known pesticide and partly a substitute for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Only few reports on environmental occurrence and concentrations have been reported calling for improvements. Hence, an analytical method was further developed for dicofol and dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP) to enable assessments of their environmental occurrence. Concentrated sulfuric acid was used to remove lipids and to separate dicofol from DCBP. On-column injection was used as an alternative to splitless injection to protect dicofol from thermal decomposition. By the method presented herein, it is possible to quantify dicofol and DCBP in the same samples. Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) were spiked at two dose levels and the recoveries were determined. The mean recovery for dicofol was 65% at the low dose (1 ng) and 77% at the high dose (10 ng). The mean recovery for DCBP was 99% at the low dose (9.2 ng) and 146% at the high dose (46 ng). The method may be further improved by use of another lipid removal method, e.g., gel permeation chromatography. The method implies a step forward in dicofol environmental assessments.
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9.
  • Yin, Ge, et al. (författare)
  • Chlorinated and brominated organic pollutants in shellfish from the Yellow Sea and East China Sea
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 22:3, s. 1713-1722
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The global contamination with persistent organic pollutants (POPs), or compounds with similar characteristics, is well known. Still there are data gaps for POP concentrations from many areas in the world. The aim of the present study is to assess several legacies POPs and also hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) in shellfish from three locations in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. The sources of the contaminants are discussed. Pooled samples were treated by liquid-liquid extraction and acid and column cleanup prior to analysis by gas chromatogram equipped with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The by far most abundant environmental contaminant originates from dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), independent of species analyzed or sampling site. The results indicate ongoing or at least recent discharges of DDT. The second highest concentrations were reported for HBCDD (21–40 ng/g fat) in the shellfish, independent of sampling sites. The two natural products, 6-MeO-BDE-47 and 2′-MeO-BDE-68, were also present in the shellfish (1.3–22 and 1–14 ng/g fat, respectively). The polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener CB-153 (0.8–6.5 ng/g fat), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (1.1–3.6 ng/g fat), and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) (2.3–4.9 ng/g fat) were all higher than the concentrations of other HCH isomers, β-endosulfan, PBDE congeners, and mirex. Apart from the DDTs and HBCDDs, it is evident that the pollution of shellfish was similar to, or lower than, the contamination of shellfish in other parts of the world.
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10.
  • Yin, Ge, et al. (författare)
  • Sampling designs for contaminant temporal trend analyses using sedentary species exemplified by the snails Bellamya aeruginosa and Viviparus viviparus
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 185, s. 431-438
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Environmental monitoring typically assumes samples and sampling activities to be representative of the population being studied. Given a limited budget, an appropriate sampling strategy is essential to support detecting temporal trends of contaminants. In the present study, based on real chemical analysis data on polybrominated diphenyl ethers in snails collected from five subsites in Tianmu Lake, computer simulation is performed to evaluate three sampling strategies by the estimation of required sample size, to reach a detection of an annual change of 5% with a statistical power of 80% and 90% with a significant level of 5%. The results showed that sampling from an arbitrarily selected sampling spot is the worst strategy, requiring much more individual analyses to achieve the above mentioned criteria compared with the other two approaches. A fixed sampling site requires the lowest sample size but may not be representative for the intended study object e.g. a lake and is also sensitive to changes of that particular sampling site. In contrast, sampling at multiple sites along the shore each year, and using pooled samples when the cost to collect and prepare individual specimens are much lower than the cost for chemical analysis, would be the most robust and cost efficient strategy in the long run. Using statistical power as criterion, the results demonstrated quantitatively the consequences of various sampling strategies, and could guide users with respect of required sample sizes depending on sampling design for long term monitoring programs.
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