| 1. |
- Middeldorp, Christel M., et al.
(författare)
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The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia : design, results and future prospects
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 34:3, s. 279-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites.
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| 2. |
- Pyykkonen, Antti-Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Association between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome is not explained by antidepressant medication: Results from the PPP-Botnia Study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Annals of Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1365-2060 .- 0785-3890. ; 44:3, s. 279-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. To study whether the frequently reported association between depressive symptoms and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components are secondary to the use of antidepressant medication and to established diabetes or cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Patients and methods. A population-based, random sample of 4,967 women and men aged 18-75 years. MetS was defined according to the new, harmonized criteria. Glucose tolerance was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). CVD, depressive symptoms, and use of antidepressant medication were self-reported. Results. The odds for having the MetS increased over 10% for each standard deviation increase in depressive symptoms. Users of antidepressant medication had more than 50% increased odds for having the MetS. Depressive symptoms were also associated with higher glucose response during the OGTT, higher serum triglyceride and lower HDL-cholesterol concentrations, and higher waist circumference, while use of antidepressant medication was associated with higher triglycerides, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure. The associations of depressive symptoms were not secondary to use of antidepressant medication and were not explained by established diabetes or CVD. Discussion. Depressive symptoms, the MetS, and the individual components of MetS are related. These associations are not driven by use of antidepressant medication, established diabetes, or CVD.
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| 3. |
- Pyykkonen, Antti-Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Depressive Symptoms, Antidepressant Medication Use, and Insulin Resistance The PPP-Botnia Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1935-5548 .- 0149-5992. ; 34:12, s. 2545-2547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE-Although insulin resistance (IR) may underlie associations between depressive symptoms and diabetes, previous findings have been contradictory. We examined whether depressive symptoms associate with IR and insulin secretion, and, additionally, whether antidepressant medication use may modulate such associations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A total of 4,419 individuals underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Participants with previously or newly diagnosed diabetes are excluded from this sample. The homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and corrected insulin response (CIR) were calculated. Depressive symptoms and antidepressant medication use were self-reported. RESULTS-After controlling for confounding factors, depressive symptoms were associated with higher fasting and 30-mM insulin during the OGTT and higher HOMA-IR but not CIR. Antidepressant medication use failed to modify these associations. CONCLUSIONS-Depressive symptoms are associated with IR but not with changes in insulin response when corrected for IR in individuals without previously or newly diagnosed diabetes.
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| 4. |
- Pyykkonen, Antti-Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep duration and insulin resistance in individuals without type 2 diabetes: The PPP-Botnia Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1365-2060 .- 0785-3890. ; 46:5, s. 324-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Both short and long sleep duration may increase risk of type 2 diabetes (diabetes). We studied if short and long sleep durations were associated with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion in individuals without diabetes, and if the associations remained after we excluded individuals who reported more frequent and severe complaints of sleep apnea and insomnia. Participants and methods. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for 722 adults without diabetes. Indices of IR and insulin secretion were calculated. Sleep duration and complaints of sleep apnea and insomnia were self-reported. Results. In comparison to average sleepers (6 - 9 h/night), short sleepers (< 6 h/night) had higher 120-min insulin and AUC glucose, and long sleepers (>= 9 h/night) had higher fasting and 120-min insulin, 120-min glucose, and HOMA(IR) and lower Insulin Sensitivity Index. After adjusting for confounders and after excluding individuals who reported more frequent and severe complaints of sleep apnea and insomnia, long sleep duration remained significantly associated with IR and insulin secretion. Discussion. Long but not short sleep duration is associated with IR and insulin secretion in individuals without diabetes whether or not accompanied by sleep complaints. Long sleepers may benefit from targeted preventions and interventions that aim at reducing risk of future diabetes.
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| 5. |
- Pyykkonen, Antti-Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Stressful Life Events and the Metabolic Syndrome - The Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes (PPP)-Botnia Study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1935-5548 .- 0149-5992. ; 33:2, s. 378-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE - Stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. However, the scant evidence available is not population-based, restricting the external validity of the findings. Our aim was to test associations between stressful life events, their accumulation, and the metabolic syndrome in a large population-based cohort. We also tested associations between stress and the individual components related to the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This was a population-based, random sample of 3,407 women and men aged 18-78 years residing in Western Finland. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation criteria. The severity of 15 stressful life events pertaining to finance, work, social relationships, health, and housing was self-rated. RESULTS - in comparison with subjects not reporting any extremely stressful life events, those reporting work- or finance-related events had an increased odds for having the metabolic syndrome. The risk was further increased according to accumulation of stressful finance-related events and to having at least three stressful life events in any of the life domains assessed. Accumulation Of stressful life events was associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and triglycerides. The associations were not confounded by sex, age, lifestyle, or family history of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS - Life events perceived as stressful, particularly those related to finance and work, may be a signal for poor metabolic health.
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| 6. |
- Pyykkonen, Antti-Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Subjective Sleep Complaints Are Associated With Insulin Resistance in Individuals Without Diabetes The PPP-Botnia Study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1935-5548 .- 0149-5992. ; 35:11, s. 2271-2278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE-Sleep disorders and subjective sleep complaints have been associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The evidence with respect to insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion in individuals without type 2 diabetes has been scarce and elusive. We examined if subjective sleep complaints and their co-occurrence were associated with IR and insulin secretion in adult women and men without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Women (n = 442) and men (n = 354) 18-75 years of age without type 2 diabetes underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), with insulin and glucose measured at fasting and at 30 and 120 min. Complaints related to sleep apnea, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were self-rated with the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire. RESULTS-In comparison with individuals with no or minor sleep complaints, those with more frequent complaints of sleep apnea, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were more insulin resistant, as evidenced by higher fasting insulin concentrations and insulin and glucose responses to OGTT, and more frequently had high homeostasis model assessment of IR and low insulin sensitivity index values. The likelihood of being insulin resistant increased significantly and linearly according to the accumulation of co-occurring sleep complaints. These associations changed only a little when adjusted for mediating and confounding factors and for depressive symptoms. Sleep complaints were not associated with indices of deficiency in insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS-Subjective sleep complaints were associated with IR. The likelihood of being insulin resistant increased according to accumulation of co-occurring sleep complaints. Sleep complaints were not associated with deficiency in insulin secretion. Diabetes Care 35: 2271-2278, 2012
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