| 1. |
- Geisler, D., et al.
(författare)
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CAPOS : The bulge Cluster APOgee Survey I. Overview and initial ASPCAP results
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. Bulge globular clusters (BGCs) are exceptional tracers of the formation and chemodynamical evolution of this oldest Galactic component. However, until now, observational difficulties have prevented us from taking full advantage of these powerful Galactic archeological tools. Aims. CAPOS, the bulge Cluster APOgee Survey, addresses this key topic by observing a large number of BGCs, most of which have only been poorly studied previously. Even their most basic parameters, such as metallicity, [alpha/Fe], and radial velocity, are generally very uncertain. We aim to obtain accurate mean values for these parameters, as well as abundances for a number of other elements, and explore multiple populations. In this first paper, we describe the CAPOS project and present initial results for seven BGCs. Methods. CAPOS uses the APOGEE-2S spectrograph observing in the H band to penetrate obscuring dust toward the bulge. For this initial paper, we use abundances derived from ASPCAP, the APOGEE pipeline. Results. We derive mean [Fe/H] values of -0.85 +/- 0.04 (Terzan 2), -1.40 +/- 0.05 (Terzan 4), -1.20 +/- 0.10 (HP 1), -1.40 +/- 0.07 (Terzan 9), -1.07 +/- 0.09 (Djorg 2), -1.06 +/- 0.06 (NGC 6540), and -1.11 +/- 0.04 (NGC 6642) from three to ten stars per cluster. We determine mean abundances for eleven other elements plus the mean [alpha/Fe] and radial velocity. CAPOS clusters significantly increase the sample of well-studied Main Bulge globular clusters (GCs) and also extend them to lower metallicity. We reinforce the finding that Main Bulge and Main Disk GCs, formed in situ, have [Si/Fe] abundances slightly higher than their accreted counterparts at the same metallicity. We investigate multiple populations and find our clusters generally follow the light-element (anti)correlation trends of previous studies of GCs of similar metallicity. We finally explore the abundances of the iron-peak elements Mn and Ni and compare their trends with field populations. Conclusions. CAPOS is proving to be an unprecedented resource for greatly improving our knowledge of the formation and evolution of BGCs and the bulge itself.
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| 2. |
- Barrat, Jean-Louis, et al.
(författare)
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Soft matter roadmap
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2515-7639. ; 7:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soft materials are usually defined as materials made of mesoscopic entities, often self-organised, sensitive to thermal fluctuations and to weak perturbations. Archetypal examples are colloids, polymers, amphiphiles, liquid crystals, foams. The importance of soft materials in everyday commodity products, as well as in technological applications, is enormous, and controlling or improving their properties is the focus of many efforts. From a fundamental perspective, the possibility of manipulating soft material properties, by tuning interactions between constituents and by applying external perturbations, gives rise to an almost unlimited variety in physical properties. Together with the relative ease to observe and characterise them, this renders soft matter systems powerful model systems to investigate statistical physics phenomena, many of them relevant as well to hard condensed matter systems. Understanding the emerging properties from mesoscale constituents still poses enormous challenges, which have stimulated a wealth of new experimental approaches, including the synthesis of new systems with, e.g. tailored self-assembling properties, or novel experimental techniques in imaging, scattering or rheology. Theoretical and numerical methods, and coarse-grained models, have become central to predict physical properties of soft materials, while computational approaches that also use machine learning tools are playing a progressively major role in many investigations. This Roadmap intends to give a broad overview of recent and possible future activities in the field of soft materials, with experts covering various developments and challenges in material synthesis and characterisation, instrumental, simulation and theoretical methods as well as general concepts.
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| 3. |
- Chrcanovic, Bruno Ramos, et al.
(författare)
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Cherubism : a systematic literature review of clinical and molecular aspects
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0901-5027 .- 1399-0020. ; 50:1, s. 43-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this review was to integrate the clinical, radiological, microscopic, and molecular data of published cherubism cases, in addition to therapeutic approaches, to provide more concise information about the disease. An electronic search was undertaken in September 2019. Eligibility criteria included publications having enough clinical, radiological, and histological information to confirm the diagnosis. A total of 260 publications reporting 513 cherubism cases were included. Familial history was observed in 310/458 cases (67.7%). SH3BP2 mutations were reported in 101/108 cases (93.5%) and mainly occurred at protein residues 415, 418, 419, and 420. Retrospective clinical grading was possible in 175 cases. Advanced clinical grading was associated with tooth agenesis, but not with other clinical, radiological, and genetic features. Specific amino acid substitutions of SH3BP2 mutations were not associated with the clinical grading of the disease. 'Wait and see' was the most common therapeutic approach. In a small number of cases, drugs were used in the treatment, with variable response. In conclusion, there is no clear correlation between the genotype and the phenotype of the disease, but additional genomic and gene expression regulation information is necessary for a better understanding of cherubism.
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