| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Aidemark, Mari, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of callose synthase activity in situ in alamethicin-permeabilized Arabidopsis and tobacco suspension cells
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Plant Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2229. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The cell wall component callose is mainly synthesized at certain developmental stages and after wounding or pathogen attack. Callose synthases are membrane-bound enzymes that have been relatively well characterized in vitro using isolated membrane fractions or purified enzyme. However, little is known about their functional properties in situ, under conditions when the cell wall is intact. To allow in situ investigations of the regulation of callose synthesis, cell suspensions of Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0), and tobacco (BY-2), were permeabilized with the channel-forming peptide alamethicin. Results: Nucleic acid-binding dyes and marker enzymes demonstrated alamethicin permeabilization of plasma membrane, mitochondria and plastids, also allowing callose synthase measurements. In the presence of alamethicin, Ca2+ addition was required for callose synthase activity, and the activity was further stimulated by Mg2+ Cells pretreated with oryzalin to destabilize the microtubules prior to alamethicin permeabilization showed significantly lower callose synthase activity as compared to non-treated cells. As judged by aniline blue staining, the callose formed was deposited both at the cell walls joining adjacent cells and at discrete punctate locations earlier described as half plasmodesmata on the outer walls. This pattern was unaffected by oryzalin pretreatment, showing a quantitative rather than a qualitative effect of polymerized tubulin on callose synthase activity. No callose was deposited unless alamethicin, Ca2+ and UDP-glucose were present. Tubulin and callose synthase were furthermore part of the same plasma membrane protein complex, as judged by two-dimensional blue native SDS-PAGE. Conclusion: Alamethicin permeabilization allowed determination of callose synthase regulation and tubulin interaction in the natural crowded cellular environment and under conditions where contacts between the cell wall, the plasma membrane and cytoskeletal macromolecules remained. The results also suggest that alamethicin permeabilization induces a defense response mimicking the natural physical separation of cells (for example when intercellulars are formed), during which plasmodesmata are transiently left open.
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| 3. |
- Busse, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Three-Dimensional LEFM Prediction of Fatigue Crack Propagation in a Gas Turbine Disk Material at Component Near Conditions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power. - : ASME. - 0742-4795 .- 1528-8919. ; 138:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, the possibility to use linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), with and without a superimposed residual stress field, to predict fatigue crack propagation in the gas turbine disk material Inconel 718 has been studied. A temperature of 400 degrees C and applied strain ranges corresponding to component near conditions have been considered. A three-dimensional crack propagation software was used for determining the stress intensity factors (SIFs) along the crack path. In the first approach, a linear elastic material behavior was used when analyzing the material response. The second approach extracts the residual stresses from an uncracked model with perfectly plastic material behavior after one loading cycle. As a benchmark, the investigated methods are compared to experimental tests, where the cyclic lifetimes were calculated by an integration of Paris law. When comparing the results, it can be concluded that the investigated approaches give good results, at least for longer cracks, even though plastic flow was taking place in the specimen. The pure linear elastic simulation overestimates the crack growth for all crack lengths and gives conservative results over all considered crack lengths. Noteworthy with this work is that the 3D-crack propagation could be predicted with the two considered methods in an LEFM context, although plastic flow was present in the specimens during the experiments.
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| 4. |
- Mulder, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune Encephalitis Presenting With Malignant Catatonia in a 40-Year-Old Male Patient With COVID-19
- 2021
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Ingår i: American Journal of Psychiatry. - : American Psychiatric Association Publishing. - 0002-953X .- 1535-7228. ; 178:6, s. 485-489
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A 40-year-old man who had previously had symptoms of and a positive test for COVID-19, but had no other previous medical or psychiatric conditions or medication, presented to the emergency unit with acute debut of agitation, grimacing, and repetitive speech and movements (verbigeration and stereotypies); his behavior was bizarre, disorganized, hyperkinetic, and uncooperative and met DSM-5 criteria for catatonia. Twenty-two days before admission, the patient had developed COVID-19-related respiratory symptoms and fatigue, which did not require hospital care. He had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a naso-pharyngeal swab using the Abbott RealTime SARSCoV-2 assay on the Abbott m2000 platform (day 14; Figure 1A). Anosmia and ageusia were not present. During the several days before admission, he had suffered from a headache. On admission (day 22), he no longer had respiratory symptoms but he did have a fever (38.4 degrees C). He made no eye contact, his reflexes were normal, and Babinski's sign was absent. Treatment with antibiotics and acyclovir was initiated until the tests excluded bacterial infection and herpes encephalitis. Brain CT, MRI, and blood tests were unremarkable. The patient was lightly sedated with midazolam, followed with dexmedetomidine. Neuroleptics were not used. Lumbar puncture showed a high red blood cell count (19,000 cellsx10(6)/L) secondary to traumatic lumbar puncture. CSF cell count indicated pleocytosis, with 23x10(6)/L mononuclear and 8x10(6)/L polymorphonuclear cells. Signs of blood-brain barrier disruption were present, with elevated albumin levels in CSF, at 838 mg/L (reference, <400 mg/L), and the CSF/serum albumin quotient was 15.6 (reference, <6.8). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in CSF was elevated at 102.1 pg/mL ( reference, <5 pg/mL), but CSF levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and tau protein were normal. PCR tests for SARS- CoV-2 were repeatedly negative in CSF and nasopharyngeal swabs. Antineuronal antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), glutamic acid decarboxylase, contactin-associated protein-like 2, leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1, and ganglioside antibodies in serum and CSF were negative (Euroimmune, Lubeck, Germany). Hours later, the patient's state deteriorated, and his temperature rose to 39 degrees C. He became mutistic and showed signs of autonomic instability, with recurrent episodes of fluctuating heart rate and arterial blood pressure and periods of oxygen desaturation (Figure 1B). The hypertension was difficult to treat, despite high doses of clonidine and labetalol. Plasma lactate levels varied between 0.6 and 8 mmol/L (reference, 0.8-2.0 mmol/L), but myoglobulin and creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB) remained normal. The patient's pupil size, reaction to light, and oculocephalic reflex were normal. Slow, horizontal roving eye movements were noted. The patient displayed decorticate posturing and increased tonus; he resisted movement of arms and jaw but had normal tonus in the legs. Hyperreflexia was present, with bilateral foot clonus and Babinski's sign but no neck stiffness. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and clonidine to facilitate endotracheal intubation. D-Dimer was slightly elevated (1.2 mg/L; reference <0.5 mg/L), without signs of thromboembolic events. Respiration and cardiovascular function remained stable. Continuous EEG monitoring showed nonspecific slowing with left hemisphere predominance without epileptiformactivity. An episode of asystole with spontaneous recovery, episodes of bradycardia of 27 bpm and repeated P waves without QRS complexes were interpreted as third-degree atrioventricular block. Signs of autoimmune encephalitis were present, but this case did not meet the proposed criteria (1, 2). Standard radiological findings were normal, and the discrete pleocytosis and elevated protein in CSF was nonspecific. Although the diagnosis remained uncertain, parainfectious autoimmune encephalitis was still suspected. Plasmapheresis was initiated and repeated three times over 4 days. After two courses, the patient was extubated and was autonomically stable. Eye movement was normalized and hyperreflexia was less prominent, but bilateral Babinski's sign persisted. Treatment was initiated with 1 g methylprednisolone per day. On day 28, the patient showed a dramatic improvement. He was awake, oriented, and communicative but had no memories from the past several days. He was distracted by complex visual hallucinations of black and white figures (animals and famous people) appearing on his right side. He described them as being in a mirror (suspected polyopia). These figures were often stationary but could make gestures. He also described an experience of feeling that the world was different-strange and unreal, with brighter colors (suspected hyperchromatopsia and derealization). He had frequent episodes of failing to recognize his right hand and leg as his own and experienced their movement as unexpected (alien hand syndrome). He denied the presence of other perceptual disturbances. His understanding of Swedish, his second language, seemed intact, but his responses were mostly monosyllabic. He could name his children and give his personal identification number but was slow and made mistakes in naming the months. Mild visual object agnosia was present. Simultanagnosia was prominent, he showed deficits in isolating figures in a tangled pictorial array, and he could depict details but excluded the global features of complex pictures. He could recall one of three objects after a short delay and draw a correct clock but required three repetitions of the instructions. He had difficulty mirroring and performing fine movements. Finally, he showed no signs of visual neglect and could read text. The patient's EEG was normal. A second lumbar puncture showed pleocytosis, 10 mononuclear cells and 1 polymorphonuclear cell x10(6)/L, elevated IgG levels and IgG index, and two oligoclonal bands in CSF not represented in serum, indicating intrathecal production of antibodies. The IL-6 level in CSF was normalized. GFAP and tau remained normal, but NfL was increased to 1,030 ng/L (reference, <890 ng/L). A second MRI and a standard neurological examination on day 31 were normal. The hallucinations were less frequent. The patient described increased emotional lability and mental fatigue, with disturbed short-term memory and decision making. He also found it challenging to recognize the voices and faces of acquaintances. Serology on day 33 was strongly positive (index 8.88 S/CO [signal/cutoff]) for IgG against SARS- CoV-2 analyzed with the CE-labeled SARS- CoV-2 IgG kit with nucleoprotein-based antigen with the Abbott Architect i2000SR Analyzer at the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University Hospital, as previously described (3). [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose ([F-18]FDG) PET scan on day 35 (after treatment) showed high bilateral uptake in the striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) compared with the cortex (Figure 1C). Using immunohistochemistry in the research lab, we detected IgG autoantibodies against mouse brain neuronal proteins in serum and CSF collected at admission (Figure 2). Neuronal labeling intensity was strongest in the CA3 in the hippocampal formation, layer V in the somatosensory cortex, and the paraventricular and reticular nucleus in the thalamus. A subset of ependymal cells located in the ventricle wall and choroid plexus revealed strong immunoreactivity of the (peri)nuclear compartment and cytoplasm. Immunoreactivity of neuropil was most intense in the caudate putamen, revealing neuronal processes and spine-like structures. Posttreatment IgG immunoreactivity in the (peri)nuclear compartment and neuropil was notably reduced, reaching the levels of reference CSF and serum.
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| 5. |
- Nihlén, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Hidden sources of fluids, sodium and potassium in stabilised Swedish ICU patients : A multicentre retrospective observational study
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 38:6, s. 625-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fluid overload in ICU patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although studies report on optimisation of resuscitation fluids given to ICU patients, increasing evidence suggests that maintenance fluids and fluids used to administer drugs are important sources of fluid overload.OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the volume of maintenance fluids and electrolytes on overall fluid balance and their relation to mortality in stabilised ICU patients.DESIGN: Multicentre retrospective observational study.SETTING: Six mixed surgical and medical ICUs in Sweden.PATIENTS: A total of 241 adult patients who spent at least 7 days in the ICU during 2018.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the volume of maintenance, resuscitation and drug diluent fluids administered on days 3 to 7 in the ICU. Secondary endpoints were to compare dispensed amounts of maintenance fluids and electrolytes with predicted requirements. We also investigated the effects of administered fluids and electrolytes on patient outcomes.RESULTS: During ICU days 3 to 7, 56.4% of the total fluids given were maintenance fluids, nutritional fluids or both, 25.4% were drug fluids and 18.1% were resuscitation fluids. Patients received fluids 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.07 to 1.56) times their estimated fluid needs. Despite this, 93% of the cohort was treated with diuretics or renal replacement therapy. Patients were given 2.17 (1.57 to 2.96) times their theoretical sodium needs and 1.22 (0.75 to 1.77) times their potassium needs. The median [IQR] volume of fluid loss during the 5-day study period was 3742 [3156 to 4479] ml day-1, with urine output the main source of fluid loss. Death at 90 days was not associated with fluid or electrolyte balance in this cohort.CONCLUSION: Maintenance and drug fluids far exceeded resuscitative fluids in ICU patients beyond the resuscitative phase. This excess fluid intake, in conjunction with high urinary output and treatment for fluid offload in almost all patients, suggests that a large volume of the maintenance fluids given was unnecessary.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.org (identifier: NCT03972475).
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| 6. |
- Rasmusson, Christian Scott, et al.
(författare)
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Round House
- 2021
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Ingår i: ARQ (Santiago. Impresa). - Santiago, Chile : Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Arquitectura. - 0716-0852 .- 0717-6996. ; :109, s. 78-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A way of understanding care networks is through the subjects that make them up and the spaces that receive them. Thus, focusing on the most neglected subjects can strengthen and improve our understanding of mutual care. Round house, a center for geriatric care, is built around the connection of interior and exterior, residents and visitors, paying special attention to access to nature and housing as connected forms of care.
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| 7. |
- Rasmusson, Christian Scott, et al.
(författare)
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Round House, Ekerö, Suecia, 2018-2021.
- 2021
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Ingår i: ARQ (Santiago. Impresa). - : SciELO Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID). - 0716-0852 .- 0717-6996. ; :109, s. 78-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A way of understanding care networks is through the subjects that make them up and the spaces that receive them. Thus, focusing on the most neglected subjects can strengthen and improve our understanding of mutual care. Round house, a center for geriatric care, is built around the connection of interior and exterior, residents and visitors, paying special attention to access to nature and housing as connected forms of care.
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| 8. |
- Rasmusson, Lars, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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A 10-year follow-up study of titanium dioxide-blasted implants.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - 1523-0899. ; 7:1, s. 36-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Dental implants with moderately rough surfaces are commonly used in the treatment of edentulous patients. However, long-term data on survival rates and marginal bone conditions are lacking. PURPOSE: This prospective study evaluated the cumulative survival rate of the TiOblast implant (Astra Tech AB, Mölndal, Sweden) after 10 years of prosthetic loading. Materials and Methods: A total of 199 TiOblast implants were placed in 36 consecutive edentulous patients (23 males and 13 females). All patients were treated at one clinic and by the same team. The patients were edentulous in either the maxilla (n = 16) or the mandible (n = 20). The average age of the patients at the start of the trial was 64 years (range, 59-82 years). Of the 199 implants inserted 108 were in the mandible and 91 were in the maxilla. Clinical evaluations were undertaken after completion of the prosthetic superstructure (baseline) and after 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, 7 years, and 10 years. Mean marginal bone level was evaluated for the first 100 placed implants for up to 7 years. RESULTS: Six implants failed during the study (3 in the mandible and 3 in the maxilla). All failures occurred within the first year, giving a cumulative survival rate of 96.9% (96.6 % in the maxilla and 97.2 % in the mandible) after 10 years of follow-up. The survival rate for the superstructures was 100%. The mean marginal bone level in the measured sample was 0.2 mm (standard deviation [SD], 0.31) below the reference point at baseline, 0.28 mm (SD, 0.20) and 1.27 mm (SD, 1.15) below the same point 7 years later (mean, 0.15 mm per year). CONCLUSION: This study showed that titanium dioxide-blasted implants offer predictable long-term results as supports for fixed prostheses in both the maxilla and mandible.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Syk, Mikaela, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroticism is positively associated with leptin/adiponectin ratio, leptin and IL-6 in young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High neuroticism is related to cardiovascular morbidity. Early detection of metabolic and cardiovascular risk is important in high-risk groups to enable preventive measures. The aim of this study was therefore to explore if neuroticism is associated with early biomarkers for cardiovascular and metabolic disease in young adults from a psychiatry cohort. Blood samples and self-ratings on neuroticism with the Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP) questionnaire were collected from 172 psychiatric outpatients and 46 healthy controls. The blood samples were analysed for plasma leptin, adiponectin, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α. Associations between neuroticism and biomarkers were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficients and generalized linear models adjusting for confounders. In the adjusted generalized linear models, neuroticism predicted the leptin/adiponectin ratio (p = 0.003), leptin (p = 0.004) and IL-6 (p = 0.001). These associations were not better explained by current major depressive disorder and/or anxiety disorder. Adiponectin, CRP and TNF-α were not associated with neuroticism. In conclusion, the findings suggest that high neuroticism is related to elevated levels of plasma leptin/adiponectin ratio, leptin and IL-6 in young adults. Young adults with high neuroticism may therefore benefit from preventive interventions to decrease the risk for future metabolic and cardiovascular morbidity, but more research is required to test this hypothesis.
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