| 1. |
- Hirlekar, G, et al.
(författare)
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Survival and neurological outcome in the elderly after in-hospital cardiac arrest.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 118, s. 101-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There have been few studies of the outcome in elderly patients who have suffered in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and the association between cardiac arrest characteristics and survival.AIM: The aim of this large observational study was to investigate the survival and neurological outcome in the elderly after IHCA, and to identify which factors were associated with survival.METHODS: We investigated elderly IHCA patients (≥70years of age) who were registered in the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry 2007-2015. For descriptive purposes, the patients were grouped according to age (70-79, 80-89, and ≥90years). Predictors of 30-day survival were identified using multivariable analysis.RESULTS: Altogether, 11,396 patients were included in the study. Thirty-day survival was 28% for patients aged 70-79 years, 20% for patients aged 80-89 years, and 14% for patients aged ≥90years. Factors associated with higher survival were: patients with an initially shockable rhythm, IHCA at an ECG-monitored location, IHCA was witnessed, IHCA during daytime (8 a.m.-8 p.m.), and an etiology of arrhythmia. A lower survival was associated with a history of heart failure, respiratory insufficiency, renal dysfunction and with an etiology of acute pulmonary oedema. Patients over 90 years of age with VF/VT as initial rhythm had a 41% survival rate. We found a trend indicating a less aggressive care with increasing age during cardiac arrest (fewer intubations, and less use of adrenalin and anti-arrhythmic drugs) but there was no association between age and delay in starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In survivors, there was no significant association between age and a favourable neurological outcome (CPC score: 1-2) (92%, 93%, and 88% in the three age groups, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Increasing age among the elderly is associated with a lower 30-day survival after IHCA. Less aggressive treatment and a worse risk profile might contribute to these findings. Relatively high survival rates among certain subgroups suggest that discussions about advanced directives should be individualized. Most survivors have good neurological outcome, even patients over 90 years of age.
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| 2. |
- Högstedt, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and motivational factors for joining a lay responder system dispatch to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1757-7241. ; 30:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There has been in increase in the use of systems for organizing lay responders for suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) dispatch using smartphone-based technology. The purpose is to increase survival rates; however, such systems are dependent on people's commitment to becoming a lay responder. Knowledge about the characteristics of such volunteers and their motivational factors is lacking. Therefore, we explored characteristics and quantified the underlying motivational factors for joining a smartphone-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) lay responder system. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 800 consecutively recruited lay responders in a smartphone-based mobile positioning first-responder system (SMS-lifesavers) were surveyed. Data on characteristics and motivational factors were collected, the latter through a modified version of the validated survey "Volunteer Motivation Inventory" (VMI). The statements in the VMI, ranked on a Likert scale (1-5), corresponded to(a) intrinsic (an inner belief of doing good for others) or (b) extrinsic (earning some kind of reward from the act) motivational factors. Results: A total of 461 participants were included in the final analysis. Among respondents, 59% were women, 48% between 25 and 39 years of age, 37% worked within health care, and 66% had undergone post-secondary school. The most common way (44%) to learn about the lay responder system was from a CPR instructor. A majority (77%) had undergone CPR training at their workplace. In terms of motivation, where higher scores reflect greater importance to the participant, intrinsic factors scored highest, represented by the category values (mean 3.97) followed by extrinsic categories reciprocity (mean 3.88) and self-esteem (mean 3.22). Conclusion: This study indicates that motivation to join a first responder system mainly depends on intrinsic factors, i.e. an inner belief of doing good, but there are also extrinsic factors, such as earning some kind of reward from the act, to consider. Focusing information campaigns on intrinsic factors may be the most important factor for successful recruitment. When implementing a smartphone-based lay responder system, CPR instructors, as a main information source to potential lay responders, as well as the workplace, are crucial for successful recruitment.
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| 3. |
- Jernberg, T., et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Effects of Oxygen Therapy on Death or Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Patients With Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction
- 2018
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 138:24, s. 2754-2762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In the DETO2X-AMI trial (Determination of the Role of Oxygen in Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction), we compared supplemental oxygen with ambient air in normoxemic patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and found no significant survival benefit at 1 year. However, important secondary end points were not yet available. We now report the prespecified secondary end points cardiovascular death and the composite of all-cause death and hospitalization for heart failure. METHODS: In this pragmatic, registry-based randomized clinical trial, we used a nationwide quality registry for coronary care for trial procedures and evaluated end points through the Swedish population registry (mortality), the Swedish inpatient registry (heart failure), and cause of death registry (cardiovascular death). Patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and oxygen saturation of >= 90% were randomly assigned to receive either supplemental oxygen at 6 L/min for 6 to 12 hours delivered by open face mask or ambient air. RESULTS: A total of 6629 patients were enrolled. Acute heart failure treatment, left ventricular systolic function assessed by echocardiography, and infarct size measured by high-sensitive cardiac troponin T were similar in the 2 groups during the hospitalization period. All-cause death or hospitalization for heart failure within 1 year after randomization occurred in 8.0% of patients assigned to oxygen and in 7.9% of patients assigned to ambient air (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.84-1.18; P=0.92). During long-term follow-up (median [range], 2.1 [1.0-3.7] years), the composite end point occurred in 11.2% of patients assigned to oxygen and in 10.8% of patients assigned to ambient air (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.88-1.17; P=0.84), and cardiovascular death occurred in 5.2% of patients assigned to oxygen and in 4.8% assigned to ambient air (hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.87-1.33; P=0.52). The results were consistent across all predefined subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Routine use of supplemental oxygen in normoxemic patients with suspected myocardial infarction was not found to reduce the composite of all-cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure, or cardiovascular death within 1 year or during long-term follow-up.
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| 4. |
- Nymo, St., et al.
(författare)
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Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentration is independently associated with mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
- 2018
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Ingår i: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 262, s. 79-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circulating neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentration increases in cardiovascular disease, but the long-term prognostic value of NGAL concentration has not been evaluated in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the association between NGAL concentration and prognosis in patients with ACS after non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or STEMI.NGAL concentration was measured in blood from 1121 consecutive ACS patients (30% women, mean age 65 years) on the first morning after admission. After adjustment for 14 variables, NGAL concentration predicted long-term (median 167 months) mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.61, P = 0.003) for quartile (q) 4 of NGAL concentration. NGAL concentrations also predicted long-term mortality (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.31-2.03, P < 0.001, N = 741) when adjusting for Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. With these adjustments, NGAL concentration predicted long-term mortality in NSTEMI patients (HR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.50-2.72, P < 0.001) but not in STEMI patients (HR = 1.32, 95% CI 0.95-1.83, P = 0.100). In all patients, the combination of NGAL concentration and GRACE score yielded an HR of 5.56 (95% CI 4.37-7.06, P < 0.001) for q4/q4 for both variables.NGAL concentration in ACS is associated with long-term prognosis after adjustment for clinical confounders. Measuring circulating NGAL concentration may help to identify patients-particularly those with NSTEMI-needing closer follow-up after ACS.
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| 5. |
- Yndigegn, Troels, et al.
(författare)
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Safety of early hospital discharge following admission with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: a nationwide cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. - : European Society of Cardiology. - 1969-6213 .- 1774-024X. ; 17:13, s. 1091-1099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Second Primary Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (PAMI-II) risk score is recommended by guidelines to identify low-risk patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for an early discharge strategy. AIMS: We aimed to assess the safety of early discharge (≤2 days) for low-risk STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: Using nationwide data from the SWEDEHEART registry, we identified patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI during the period 2009-2017, of whom 8,092 (26.4%) were identified as low risk with the PAMI-II score. Low-risk patients were stratified according to their length of hospital stay (≤2 days vs >2 days). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, including death, reinfarction treated with PCI, stroke or heart failure hospitalisation) at one year, assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model with propensity score as well as an inverse probability weighting propensity score of average treatment effect to adjust for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 1,449 (17.9%) patients were discharged ≤2 days from admission. After adjustment, the one-year MACE rate was not higher for patients discharged at >2 days from admission than for patients discharged ≤2 days (4.3% vs 3.2%; adjusted HR 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-1.87, p=0.14), and no difference was observed regarding any of the individual components of the main outcome. Results were consistent across all subgroups with no difference in MACE between early and late discharge patients. CONCLUSIONS: Nationwide observational data suggest that early discharge of low-risk patients with STEMI treated with PCI is not associated with an increase in one-year MACE.
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