| 1. |
- McKay, James D., et al.
(författare)
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A Genome-Wide Association Study of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers Conducted within the INHANCE Consortium
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successful in identifying common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to etiologically complex disease. We conducted a GWAS to identify common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancers. Genome-wide genotyping was carried out using the Illumina HumanHap300 beadchips in 2,091 UADT cancer cases and 3,513 controls from two large European multi-centre UADT cancer studies, as well as 4,821 generic controls. The 19 top-ranked variants were investigated further in an additional 6,514 UADT cancer cases and 7,892 controls of European descent from an additional 13 UADT cancer studies participating in the INHANCE consortium. Five common variants presented evidence for significant association in the combined analysis (p <= 5 x 10(-7)). Two novel variants were identified, a 4q21 variant (rs1494961, p = 1 x 10(-8)) located near DNA repair related genes HEL308 and FAM175A (or Abraxas) and a 12q24 variant (rs4767364, p = 2 x 10(-8)) located in an extended linkage disequilibrium region that contains multiple genes including the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene. Three remaining variants are located in the ADH gene cluster and were identified previously in a candidate gene study involving some of these samples. The association between these three variants and UADT cancers was independently replicated in 5,092 UADT cancer cases and 6,794 controls non-overlapping samples presented here (rs1573496-ADH7, p = 5 x 10(-8); rs1229984-ADH1B, p = 7 x 10(-9); and rs698-ADH1C, p = 0.02). These results implicate two variants at 4q21 and 12q24 and further highlight three ADH variants in UADT cancer susceptibility.
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| 2. |
- Furberg, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analyses identify multiple loci associated with smoking behavior
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 42:5, s. 134-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consistent but indirect evidence has implicated genetic factors in smoking behavior1,2. We report meta-analyses of several smoking phenotypes within cohorts of the Tobacco and Genetics Consortium (n = 74,053). We also partnered with the European Network of Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology (ENGAGE) and Oxford-GlaxoSmithKline (Ox-GSK) consortia to follow up the 15 most significant regions (n > 140,000). We identified three loci associated with number of cigarettes smoked per day. The strongest association was a synonymous 15q25 SNP in the nicotinic receptor gene CHRNA3 (rs1051730[A], b = 1.03, standard error (s.e.) = 0.053, beta = 2.8 x 10(-73)). Two 10q25 SNPs (rs1329650[G], b = 0.367, s. e. = 0.059, beta = 5.7 x 10(-10); and rs1028936[A], b = 0.446, s. e. = 0.074, beta = 1.3 x 10(-9)) and one 9q13 SNP in EGLN2 (rs3733829[G], b = 0.333, s. e. = 0.058, P = 1.0 x 10(-8)) also exceeded genome-wide significance for cigarettes per day. For smoking initiation, eight SNPs exceeded genome-wide significance, with the strongest association at a nonsynonymous SNP in BDNF on chromosome 11 (rs6265[C], odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.04-1.08, P = 1.8 x 10(-8)). One SNP located near DBH on chromosome 9 (rs3025343[G], OR = 1.12, 95% Cl 1.08-1.18, P = 3.6 x 10(-8)) was significantly associated with smoking cessation.
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| 3. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., et al.
(författare)
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Influenza H1N1 vaccination and adverse pregnancy outcome
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 28:7, s. 579-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although vaccines against influenza can reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, large-scale data on adverse effects in the offspring are scarce. Historical cohort study in Stockholm County, Sweden. We linked H1N1 vaccination data (Pandemrix(A (R)), a mono-valent AS03 adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine) with pregnancy and birth data from 21,087 women with singleton offspring conceived between February 2009 and January 2010 (vaccinated during pregnancy: n = 13,297 vs. unvaccinated: n = 7,790). Data were analysed by conceptualizing the observational cohort as a series of nested cohorts defined at each week of gestation. Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) for low birth weight (LBW, < 2,500 g), preterm birth (< 37 completed weeks), small-for-gestational age (SGA, < 10th percentile of the gestational age-specific birth weight within the cohort), low 5-min Apgar score (< 7), and caesarean section. Data were adjusted for potential confounders, including maternal age, body mass index, smoking, parity, civil status and comorbidities. Compared with infants of non-vaccinated women, infants of vaccinated women had similar adjusted ORs (95 % CI) for LBW (0.91; 0.79-1.04), preterm birth (0.99; 0.89-1.10), SGA (0.97; 0.90-1.05), low Apgar score (1.05, 0.84-1.31), and a marginal risk reduction for caesarean section (0.94, 0.89-0.99). H1N1 vaccination during pregnancy, using an AS03-adjuvanted vaccine, does not appear to adversely influence offspring risks of LBW, preterm birth, SGA, or low Apgar score. Our results suggest that this vaccine is safe for the offspring when used in different stages of pregnancy.
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| 4. |
- Sonnenschein-van der Voort, Agnes M. M, et al.
(författare)
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Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 133:5, s. 1317-1329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results. Objectives: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years). Methods: First, we performed an adjusted 1-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the combined associations of gestational age, birth weight, and infant weight gain with childhood asthma. Second, we performed an adjusted 2-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the associations of preterm birth (gestational age less than 37 weeks) and low birth weight (less than 2500 g) with childhood asthma outcomes. Results: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were independently associated with higher risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (P less than. 05). The inverse associations of birth weight with childhood asthma were explained by gestational age at birth. Compared with term-born children with normal infant weight gain, we observed the highest risks of school-age asthma in children born preterm with high infant weight gain (odds ratio [OR], 4.47; 95% CI, 2.58-7.76). Preterm birth was positively associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing (pooled odds ratio [pOR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.25-1.43) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18-1.67) independent of birth weight. Weaker effect estimates were observed for the associations of low birth weight adjusted for gestational age at birth with preschool wheezing (pOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27). Conclusion: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were associated with childhood asthma outcomes. The associations of lower birth weight with childhood asthma were largely explained by gestational age at birth.
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| 5. |
- Stemann Larsen, Pernille, et al.
(författare)
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Pregnancy and Birth Cohort Resources in Europe: a Large Opportunity for Aetiological Child Health Research
- 2013
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Ingår i: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0269-5022 .- 1365-3016. ; 27:4, s. 393-414
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background During the past 25 years, many pregnancy and birth cohorts have been established. Each cohort provides unique opportunities for examining associations of early-life exposures with child development and health. However, to fully exploit the large amount of available resources and to facilitate cross-cohort collaboration, it is necessary to have accessible information on each cohort and its individual characteristics. The aim of this work was to provide an overview of European pregnancy and birth cohorts registered in a freely accessible database located at http://www.birthcohorts.net. Methods European pregnancy and birth cohorts initiated in 1980 or later with at least 300 mother-child pairs enrolled during pregnancy or at birth, and with postnatal data, were eligible for inclusion. Eligible cohorts were invited to provide information on the data and biological samples collected, as well as the timing of data collection. Results In total, 70 cohorts were identified. Of these, 56 fulfilled the inclusion criteria encompassing a total of more than 500000 live-born European children. The cohorts represented 19 countries with the majority of cohorts located in Northern and Western Europe. Some cohorts were general with multiple aims, whilst others focused on specific health or exposure-related research questions. Conclusion This work demonstrates a great potential for cross-cohort collaboration addressing important aspects of child health. The web site, http://www.birthcohorts.net, proved to be a useful tool for accessing information on European pregnancy and birth cohorts and their characteristics.
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| 6. |
- Zugna, Daniela, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality Rate in Children Born to Mothers and Fathers With Celiac Disease : A Nationwide Cohort Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 177:12, s. 1348-1355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Celiac disease (CD) is associated with increased mortality rate and adverse pregnancy outcome, but little is known about offspring mortality rate. In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, we identified persons whose biopsy-verified CD was diagnosed in Sweden in 19692008. We compared mortality rates in children born to mothers with and without CD (n 16,121 vs. n 61,782) and children born to fathers with and without CD (n 9,289 vs. n 32,984). Median age of offspring at end of follow-up was 28.7 (range, 16.739.7) years. We also examined mortality rates in children born to mothers with undiagnosed CD (later CD diagnosis; n 12,919) and diagnosed CD (n 3,202) to determine if intrauterine exposures associated with CD could affect offspring mortality rate. We estimated hazard ratios for death by using Cox regression. Death rates were independent of maternal CD (60 deaths per 100,000 person-years in children of mothers with CD, vs. 54 in controls) and paternal CD (53 deaths per 100,000 person-years in children of fathers with CD, vs. 53 in controls). Corresponding adjusted hazard ratios were 1.09 (95 confidence interval: 0.95, 1.26) for maternal CD and 1.02 (95 confidence interval: 0.85, 1.23) for paternal CD. Death rates were similar in children born to mothers with undiagnosed CD and in children whose mothers had diagnosed CD during pregnancy. Parental CD does not seem to influence mortality rate in offspring, which suggests that neither genetic influences of CD nor intrauterine conditions have adverse effects on offspring mortality rate.
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| 7. |
- Zugna, Daniela, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of Congenital Malformations Among Offspring of Mothers and Fathers With Celiac Disease : A Nationwide Cohort Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier. - 1542-3565 .- 1542-7714. ; 12:7, s. 1108-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Many patients with celiac disease experience malabsorption, weight loss, and anemia; undiagnosed celiac disease during pregnancy has been linked with adverse outcomes. Studies of celiac disease and congenital malformations in offspring have been underpowered. We investigated the risk of congenital malformations among the offspring of parents with celiac disease. METHODS: We performed a nationwide cohort study of data from linked health care registers in Sweden from 1973 through 2009. We collected histopathology data from 28 pathology departments in Sweden to identify individuals with celiac disease (based on the presence of villous atrophy). We estimated the risks of malformations in the offspring of mothers and fathers with and without celiac disease. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence odds ratios (aPORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Among 11,382 offspring of mothers with celiac disease, there were 672 cases (5.9%) of malformation compared with 2098 cases (5.1%) among 40,922 offspring of mothers without celiac disease. Similarly, 352 (5.9%) of 6002 offspring of fathers with celiac disease and 1009 (5.1%) of 19,600 offspring of fathers without celiac disease had a malformation. In adjusted analyses, the offspring of mothers or fathers with celiac disease had a slightly increased risk of having children with malformations (for those with mothers with celiac disease: aPOR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.26; for those with fathers with celiac disease: aPOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.00-1.29). However, these excess risks decreased or vanished entirely when we restricted our data to births since 2000 (for those with mothers with celiac disease: aPOR, 1.11; and 95% CI, 0.79-1.56; for those with fathers with celiac disease: aPOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.81-1.26). CONCLUSIONS: In a nationwide study, we found an increased risk for malformation among the offspring of mothers or fathers with celiac disease. However, the excess risk is small; the upper limits of the CIs for malformation indicate a 29% maximum relative increase.
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