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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Reifarth, R., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 665:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process beta-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.
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| 3. |
- Fuchs, A., et al.
(författare)
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Minimum Information about T Regulatory Cells: A Step toward Reproducibility and Standardization
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellular therapies with CD4+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) hold promise of efficacious treatment for the variety of autoimmune and allergic diseases as well as posttransplant complications. Nevertheless, current manufacturing of Tregs as a cellular medicinal product varies between different laboratories, which in turn hampers precise comparisons of the results between the studies performed. While the number of clinical trials testing Tregs is already substantial, it seems to be crucial to provide some standardized characteristics of Treg products in order to minimize the problem. We have previously developed reporting guidelines called minimum information about tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells, which allows the comparison between different preparations of tolerance-inducing antigen-presenting cells. Having this experience, here we describe another minimum information about Tregs (MITREG). It is important to note that MITREG does not dictate how investigators should generate or characterize Tregs, but it does require investigators to report their Treg data in a consistent and transparent manner. We hope this will, therefore, be a useful tool facilitating standardized reporting on the manufacturing of Tregs, either for research purposes or for clinical application. This way MITREG might also be an important step toward more standardized and reproducible testing of the Tregs preparations in clinical applications.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Tedersoo, L., et al.
(författare)
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The Global Soil Mycobiome consortium dataset for boosting fungal diversity research
- 2021
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Ingår i: Fungal Diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 111, s. 573-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems, but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and distribution. This data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of the Global Soil Mycobiome consortium (GSMc) to boost further research in fungal diversity, biogeography and macroecology. The dataset comprises 722,682 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) derived from PacBio sequencing of full-length ITS and 18S-V9 variable regions from 3200 plots in 108 countries on all continents. The plots are supplied with geographical and edaphic metadata. The OTUs are taxonomically and functionally assigned to guilds and other functional groups. The entire dataset has been corrected by excluding chimeras, index-switch artefacts and potential contamination. The dataset is more inclusive in terms of geographical breadth and phylogenetic diversity of fungi than previously published data. The GSMc dataset is available over the PlutoF repository.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Battino, U., et al.
(författare)
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Application Of A Theory And Simulation-Based Convective Boundary Mixing Model For AGB Star Evolution And Nucleosynthesis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 827:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The s-process nucleosynthesis in Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars depends on the modeling of convective boundaries. We present models and s-process simulations that adopt a treatment of convective boundaries based on the results of hydrodynamic simulations and on the theory of mixing due to gravity waves in the vicinity of convective boundaries. Hydrodynamics simulations suggest the presence of convective boundary mixing (CBM) at the bottom of the thermal pulse-driven convective zone. Similarly, convection-induced mixing processes are proposed for the mixing below the convective envelope during third dredge-up (TDU), where the C-13 pocket for the s process in AGB stars forms. In this work, we apply a CBM model motivated by simulations and theory to models with initial mass M = 2 andM = 3M(circle dot), and with initial metal content Z = 0.01 and Z = 0.02. As reported previously, the He-intershell abundances of C-12 and O-16 are increased by CBM at the bottom of the pulse-driven convection zone. This mixing is affecting the Ne-22(alpha, n)Mg-25 activation and the s-process efficiency in the C-13-pocket. In our model, CBM at the bottom of the convective envelope during the TDU represents gravity wave mixing. Furthermore, we take into account the fact that hydrodynamic simulations indicate a declining mixing efficiency that is already about a pressure scale height from the convective boundaries, compared to mixing-length theory. We obtain the formation of the C-13-pocket with a mass of approximate to 10(-4) M-circle dot. The final s-process abundances are characterized by 0.36<[s/Fe] < 0.78 and the heavy-to-light s-process ratio is -0.23< [hs/ls] < 0.45. Finally, we compare our results with stellar observations, presolar grain measurements and previous work.
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| 10. |
- Ivanov, Sergey A., et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of the structural and multiferroic properties of PbFe2/3W1/3O3 ceramics upon Mn-doping
- 2017
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Ingår i: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0254-0584 .- 1879-3312. ; 187, s. 218-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perovskite system Pb(Fe1-xMnx)(2/3)W1/3O3 (0 <= x <= 1, PFMWO) has been prepared by conventional solid-state reaction under different sintering conditions. Structures and phase composition as well as thermal, magnetic and dielectric properties of the compounds have been systematically investigated experimentally and by first-principles density functional calculations. A clean perovskite phase is established at room temperature for compositions 0 <= x <= 0.4. Rietveld refinements of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction patterns demonstrate that the compounds crystallize in space group Pm-3m (0 <= x <= 0.4). The degree of ordering of the Fe and W/Mn cations was found to depend on the concentration of Mn. First-principles calculations suggest that the structural properties of PFMWO are strongly influenced by the Jahn Teller effect. The PFMWO compounds behave as relaxor ferroelectrics at weak Mn-doping with a dielectric constant that rapidly decreases with increasing Mn content. A low temperature antiferromagnetic G-type order with propagation vector k = (1/2,1/2,1/2) is derived from neutron powder diffraction data for the samples with x <= 0.4. However with increasing doping concentration, the magnetic order is perturbed. First principles calculations show that the dominant exchange coupling is antiferromagnetic and occurs between nearest neighbor Fe atoms. When the system is doped with Mn, a relatively weak ferromagnetic (FM) interaction between Fe and Mn atoms emerges. However, due to the presence of this FM interaction, the correlation length of the magnetic order is greatly shortened already at rather low doping levels.
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