| 1. |
- Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Services Provision: A Tale of Confused Objectives, Mulitple Market Failures and Policy Challenges
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Most research and funding in conservation has been oriented toward biodiversity per se. Until recently there has been little tangible effort in linking conservation to ecosystem service provision. Nevertheless, this trend seems to be changing due in part to the relative success of payment mechanisms that provide funding for the conservation of ecosystem services – defined as discrete and identifiable end-products. This paper describes the features of optimal policies to protect (i) biodiversity vs. (ii) ecosystem services and analyze to what extent the criteria in (i) and (ii) set against each other or create synergies. We also analyze how payments for ecosystem services affect the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services conservation.
|
|
| 2. |
- Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Services Provision: A Tale of Confused Objectives, Multiple Market Failures and Policy Challenges
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Handbook on the Economics of Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity'. - Belgium : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 978 1 78195 151 4 - 9781781951514
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, there has been a marked proliferation in the literature on economic approaches to ecosystem management, which has created a subsequent need for real understanding of the scope and the limits of the economic approaches to ecosystems and biodiversity. Within this Handbook, carefully commissioned original contributions from acknowledged experts in the field address the new concepts and their applications, identify knowledge gaps and provide authoritative recommendations.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Lippert, Marcus, 1974-
(författare)
-
Communities in the Digital Age : Towards a Theoretical Model of Communities of Practice and Information Technology
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The global change towards a knowledge economy forces organizations to seek new and better ways to manage knowledge work and learning. Organizations have recognized that dfferent information technologies can play an important role in their quest to make the desired changes take place. Along with this increasing interest in information technologies we have also noticed a growing interest in a specific type of community, referred to as communities of practice (CoP). A considerable body of research that studies communities of practice in relation to IT continues to grow. Despite this we are far from a theoretical model of the relation between communities of practice and IT that may guide future research and understanding in a fruitful way.The basis for this thesis are the lack of a theoretical model to describe a dialectical relation between communities of practice and information technologies and how these relations come into being. The purpose of this thesis and research study is to contribute to existing theories of communities of practice by developing a theoretical model of a dialectical relation between information technology and communities of practice. In line with this, the study addresses the following research question How do a community of practice and information technology constitute and shape each other? Furthermore, the research study adheres to an interpretative philosophy, a qualitative research design, and longitudinal research case study conducted at Siemens Sweden.This research study was divided in two parts. Part One presented the theoretical chapters and a theoretical working model, referred to as the CoPIT model (Community of Practice model of Information Technology). In Part Two the initial CoPIT model was confronted with empirical data and used to analyze and illustrate the relation between CoP and IT. The main conclusion drawn from the research study is that the CoPIT model makes sense and is relevant, and also that the general principles upon which it is founded hold true. Furthermore, from the empirical confrontation of the CoPIT model we can draw the conclusion that relations exist both between IT in general and the CoP component’s specific constructs and between CoP in general and the IT component’s specific constructs. These key findings validate the point of departure of this study that there is a dialectical relation between CoP and IT, and that they mutually constitute each other over time.
|
|
| 5. |
- Sterner, Thomas, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Selection and Design of Environmental Policy Instruments
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Handbook of Environmental Economics Vol. 4. edited by Partha Dasgupta, Subhrendu K. Pattanayak, V. Kerry Smith.. - 0169-7218. - 9780444537720 ; , s. 231-284
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this article, we provide an overview of a rather large topic: how economics can inform the selection and design of policy instruments to deal with environmental problems. We first identify (in Sections 1–2) underlying market failures that underscore the need for policy. Then, (in 3) we look at the menu of available policies. After that, we turn to the selection and design of appropriate policy instruments, with attention to the success or failure of policy instruments that have been tried in the past. In order to select instruments, we look to the root causes of the failures that motivate the use of instruments. Unfortunately, there is no single unified theory of policy selection. Instead, we present a series of results based on various special cases. This is complemented with a number of practical and political considerations related primarily to feasibility and the incidence of policy costs, which interact with distributional concerns. In Section 5, we look at several specific examples to bring out the ideas and principles with more concrete, real-life details. Finally, the last section deals with policy making in the Anthropocene – the new period of history we are entering, when the human economy is the main driving force behind many crucial environmental parameters on Earth.
|
|
