| 1. |
- Martínez-Pastor, Felipe, et al.
(författare)
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Extender osmolality, glycerol and egg yolk on the cryopreservation of epididymal spermatozoa for gamete banking of the Cantabric Chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica parva)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Theriogenology. - : Elsevier. - 0093-691X .- 1879-3231. ; 125, s. 109-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Germplasm banking is a key technology enabling the ex-situ conservation of wild species. However, cryopreservation protocols must be tested to assure the applicability of the banked material. The objective of this study was defining a range of parameters for the composition of a semen extender for Cantabrian chamois epididymal spermatozoa (post-mortem collection). The freezing extender was based in a TES-Tris-fructose buffer, modifying its composition in three experiments: Osmolality of the buffer (320, 380 or 430 mOsm/kg, 8% glycerol, 15% egg yolk), glycerol (4 or 8%, 430 mOsm/kg, 15% egg yolk), egg yolk (10 or 15%, 430 mOsm/kg, 4% glycerol). Sperm was extended at 100 mill. spermatozoa/ml, cooled at 5 °C and frozen at -20 °C/min. Sperm quality was assessed pre and post-thawing (CASA, HOS test, abnormal forms, cytoplasmic droplets, and viability and acrosomal damage by flow cytometry). Freezability was good overall, with total motility of 65.5% ± 2.4 initial and 55.8% ± 2.4 post-thawing. The extenders affected the post-thaw sperm quality marginally. Whereas osmolalities and glycerol concentrations seemed not to differ, 430 mOsm/kg and 4% glycerol might be preferred. Egg yolk concentrations only differed on sperm velocity (VCL: 84.0 ± 6.7 μm/s in 10% vs. 70.7 ± 6.2 μm/s in 15%, P < 0.05). Our results suggest a good cryotolerance of chamois epididymal spermatozoa, with a preferred extender composition of hyperosmotic buffer, glycerol in the 4% range and lower egg yolk (10% range) than other ruminants.
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| 2. |
- García-Iruela, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Degradation on Wood Hygroscopicity : The Case of a 400-Year-Old Coffin
- 2020
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Ingår i: Forests. - : MDPI. - 1999-4907. ; 11:7, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hygroscopicity and thermodynamic properties of Pinus sylvestris L. wood from a coffin allegedly holding the remains of famous Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (1547–1616) were studied using the 15 °C and 35 °C isotherms fitted to the Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer model and comparing them with the isotherms of recently felled wood of the same species. In addition, using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and X-ray diffractograms, the functional groups were determined and the crystallinity and organization of the cell wall components were analyzed. The absence of the 1740 cm−1 group indicates hemicellulose degradation in the archaeological wood, and the X-ray diffractograms show a considerable decrease in cellulose crystallinity and disorganization of the cellulose crystallites. The greater availability of active –OH groups means that the archaeological wood isotherms are above the juvenile and mature wood isotherms, and therefore the thermodynamic balance in the sorption of the archaeological wood is greater.
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| 3. |
- Sosa-Yáñez, Lorena Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Influencia de tres regímenes de riego sobre la calidad agronómica de centeno cultivado en la costa de Hermosillo, Sonora, México
- 2022
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Ingår i: Terra Latinoamericana. - 0187-5779. ; 40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cereals are a fundamental part of the world diet; therefore, their adaptation in different environments due to climate change should be achieved. Studying the modifications that may occur during plant development is essential, as well as in the quality of the harvested product. Thus the objective of this research is to analyze the effect of water stress on development, growth, production, and agronomic quality of rye crop and harvested grain. For sowing, a completely randomized one-way experimental design was used, where the treatments consisted of three different soil moisture regimes. The variables evaluated at the time of harvest were plant height and number of spikes per linear meter. After harvest, the variables evaluated were spike size and the number of grains it contained, as well as size and color of the grain, weight of 1000 grains, test weight, yield, ash and protein content. An analysis of variance and Tukey’s comparison of means test (P < 0.05) were performed for ash and protein content, and Duncan (P < 0.05 and P ≤ 0.0001) for the rest of the determinations. The results showed that less irrigation did not negatively affect the crop with an appropriate agronomic development, highlighting an increase in the number and size of spikes, an increase in the number of grains per spike, as well as a high yield and protein content of the grain. These values were higher than those reported in previous research, which confirms that even though rye is considered a winter cereal, it managed to acclimate to soil conditions, decreased water, and high temperatures in the coastal area of Hermosillo, Sonora, México.
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| 4. |
- Díaz-Sánchez, Adrian A., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular detection and identification of tick-borne pathogens in Equus caballus and ticks from western Cuba : [Detección e identificación molecular de patógenos transmitidos por garrapatas en Equus caballus y garrapatas del occidente de Cuba]
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biotecnologia Aplicada. - : Elfos Scientiae. - 0864-4551 .- 1027-2852. ; 39:2, s. 2501-2505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Babesia caballi, Theileria equi and several species of rickettsias are agents of vector-borne diseases that affect equines. The objective of this study was to detect infections by B. caballi and T. equi in horses and to identify rickettsias in horses and ticks in the western region of Cuba. Two nPCR assays were developed and standardized for the detection of B. caballi and T. equi. Blood samples from horses and ticks were collected. Identification by blood smear and molecular detection and identification of B. caballi, T. equi and Rickettsia spp. were carried out. Intraerythrocytic formations compatible with B. caballi and T. equi were observed. The nPCR showed that 25 % of the samples were positive for B. caballi, 73 % for T. equi and 20 % showed coinfection. The results were confirmed with the partial sequencing of the genes bc48 (B. caballi) and ema-1 (T. equi). The sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene of T. equi demonstrated the presence of at least two genotypes of T. equi isolates in Cuba. The real time qPCR assay and sequencing revealed the presence of Rickettsia amblyommatis in A. mixtum and Rickettsia felis in D. nitens.Conclusions: These results constitute the first piece of molecular evidence of B. caballi and T. equi in horses and the first report of R. felis in D. nitens in Cuba, which broadens the knowledge about the distribution of pathogens and the spectrum of potential vectors contributing to the strengthening of management and control programs.
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| 5. |
- Padilla, Lorena, et al.
(författare)
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Extracellular vesicles would be involved in the release and delivery of seminal TGF-beta isoforms in pigs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Veterinary Science. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2297-1769. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction : Pig seminal plasma (SP) is rich in active forms of all three isoforms (1-3) of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a chemokine modulatory of the immune environment in the female genital tract once semen is delivered during mating or artificial insemination (AI). The present study aimed to examine how TGF-beta s are secreted by the epithelium of the male reproductive tract and how they are transported in semen, emphasizing the interplay with seminal extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Methods : Source of TGF-beta s was examined by immunohistochemistry in testis, epididymis, and accessory sex glands, by immunocytochemistry in ejaculated spermatozoa, and by Luminex xMAP((R)) technology in SP and sEVs retrieved from healthy, fertile male pigs used as breeders in AI programs. Results : All three TGF-beta isoforms were expressed in all reproductive tissues explored and would be released into ductal lumen either in soluble form or associated with sEVs. Ejaculated spermatozoa expressed all three TGF-beta isoforms, both inside and outside, probably the outer one associated with membrane-bound sEVs. The results confirmed that pig SP contains all three TGF-beta isoforms and demonstrated that a substantial portion of them is associated with sEVs. Discussion : Seminal EVs would be involved in the cellular secretion of the active forms of seminal TGF-beta isoforms and in their safe transport from the male to the female reproductive tract.
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| 6. |
- Puentes Rodriguez, Yohama, et al.
(författare)
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Wood decay caused by Heterobasidion parviporum in juvenile wood specimens from normal and narrow crowned Norway spruce
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 28:4, s. 331-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterobasidion parviporum (Fr.) Niemelä & Korhonen is a serious forest pathogen affecting the quality of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst), especially in northern hemisphere. Here, we studied the wood decay caused by this pathogen in small wood specimens of 19-year-old normal (P. abies) and narrow crowned (P. abies f. pendula) Norway spruce trees. After six months of incubation, wood specimens taken next to pith (inner) and bark (outer) at 1 m height from the stem base were measured to obtain the percent dry weight loss. The fungal development was also analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). We found that the crown type (or genetic entry) had no effects on the weight loss. However, outer wood specimens lost, on average, more weight than inner ones. Similarly, wood density and content of lignans were lower at outer sections, opposite to the free glucose content. Wood density correlated negatively with the weight loss of wood specimens, regardless of crown type. Considering that narrow- and normal-crowned trees responded similarly to H. parviporum wood decay, our findings support the potential use of narrow-crowned Norway spruce in practical forestry since they can produce higher stem yield at very dense plantation and without thinning requirements.
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| 7. |
- Rodriguez, Yohama Puentes, et al.
(författare)
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Susceptibility of pre-treated wood sections of Norway spruce (Picea abies) clones to enzymatic hydrolysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - : NRC Research Press. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 42:1, s. 38-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of softwoods, which confers resistance to degradation through hydrolysis and decay, currently limits their use for the production of biofuels. However, since wood is very heterogeneous, it is possible that differences in wood properties within and between trees could differentially affect its processability. In this research, heartwood (inner) and sapwood (outer) from Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) clones were enzymatically hydrolyzed by Trichoderma viride cellulases after concentrated acid pretreatment. Wood sections with two particle sizes were compared based on their susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis, evaluated by assaying the formation of hydrolysis products and measured as reducing sugar yield (RSY). We also studied the relationship between RSY and the susceptibility to Heterobasidion parviporum wood decay and whether these traits are reflected in wood density and yield. Wood from the outer section produced more RSY with higher glucan but lower lignin content than wood from the inner section. Furthermore, susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis was positively correlated with H. parviporum wood decay, while both processes were negatively correlated with wood density. Our results revealed the importance of clonal trials for identifying suitable lignocellulosic biomass when considering wood properties and indicate that potential genotypes for the production of biofuels are not necessarily the most productive.
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