| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Campanella, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Additional booster doses in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia induce humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 similar to natural infection regardless ongoing treatments : A study by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL
- 2024
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Hematology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0361-8609 .- 1096-8652. ; 99:4, s. 745-750
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Profound immune dysregulation and impaired response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine put patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) at risk of severe COVID-19. We compared humoral memory and T-cell responses after booster dose vaccination or breakthrough infection. (Green) Quantitative determination of anti-Spike specific antibodies. Booster doses increased seroconversion rate and antibody titers in all patient categories, ultimately generating humoral responses similar to those observed in the postinfection cohort. In detail, humoral response with overscale median antibody titers arose in >80% of patients in watch and wait, off-therapy in remission, or under treatment with venetoclax single-agent. Anti-CD20 antibodies and active treatment with BTK inhibitors (BTKi) represent limiting factors of humoral response, still memory mounted in ~40% of cases following booster doses or infection. (Blue) Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses. Number of T-cell functional activation markers documented in each patient. The vast majority of patients, including those seronegative, developed T-cell responses, qualitatively similar between treatment groups or between vaccination alone and infection cases. These data highlight the efficacy of booster doses in eliciting T-cell immunity independently of treatment status and support the use of additional vaccination boosters to stimulate humoral immunity in patients on active CLL-directed treatments.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Gómez, Radhameris A, et al.
(författare)
-
A driving simulator evaluation of road markings and symbolic signs on vehicle-pedestrian conflicts
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference Road Safety on Four Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pedestrians are amongst the most vulnerable of road users. A common way of accommodating pedestrians at non-signalized intersections is through the use of mid-block crosswalks. Pedestrian crashes at marked mid-block crosswalks are often no less frequent than at unmarked mid-block crosswalks.The risk to pedestrians is especially high when a driver’s view of pedestrians in a crosswalk is obstructed as the driver approaches the crosswalk creating a multi-threat situation for the pedestrian. Such a situation is too risky to study on the open road, but not on a driving simulator. Among the most effective and least costly of the safety alternatives are advance yield markings. This study uses a driving simulator to evaluate vehicle-pedestrian conflicts in sight-limited scenarios with advance yield markings and “Yield Here to Pedestrians” symbol signs as well as the standard crosswalk treatments and signs. Measures of drivers’ performance include actual crashes as well as the drivers’ glancing behavior to determine if the drivers approaching a marked midblock crosswalk look for pedestrians in the crosswalk more frequently and sooner in high risk, multiple-threat scenarios when advance yield markings and prompts are present than when standard markings and prompts are used. The results suggest that fewer crashes occur with advance yield markings. And we find that drivers look much more frequently and much sooner for pedestrians with advance yield markings. Uses and limitations surrounding the development of scenarios on a driving simulator and the advantages and limitations of using driving simulation to study problems such as this are discussed.
|
|
