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- Bergh, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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B cell receptor signaling suppressor SHP-1 is active in CLL lymph node and peripheral blood
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 expression and activity is downregulated or lost in several leukemias and lymphomas due to DNA promotor hypermethylation, catalytic site mutation or oxidation, or phosphorylation at inhibitory sites, implying a negative role of SHP-1 in development of leukemias/lymphomas. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B cell receptor (BcR) and microenvironment signal levels are important in the pathogenesis. Considering that SHP-1 is a BcR signaling suppressor, we hypothesized that SHP-1 would be down-regulated and/or inactivated in the proliferative center lymph node (LN) cells. We analyzed PTPN6 (SHP-1) gene expression, SHP-1 protein expression and phosphorylation status in matched CD5+/CD19+ peripheral blood (PB) and LN cells from 6 CLL patients, and in comparison, BcR (anti-IgM) in vitro triggered CLL PB cells from 10 patients. Gene expression of PTPN6 was significantly higher in PB compared to LN CLL cells in 50% of the cases. SHP-1 protein expression level and phosphorylation at SHP-1Y536 and SHP-1S591 were, however, equal in PB and LN samples. SHP-1 phosphorylation at Y536 and S591, in PB CLL cells cultured ex vivo was significantly reduced upon BcR engagement in all patient samples. These results indicate that in vivo BcR signaling in CLL is paralyzed.
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- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Nanocolumnar Epitaxial Ti1-xSixN (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.18) Thin Films Grown by Dual Reactive Magnetron Sputtering on MgO (001), (011), and (111) Substrates
- 2012
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ti1-xSixNy thin films and multilayers have been grown on single-crystal TiN-templated MgO (001), (011), and (111) substrates kept at 550 °C. Elemental Ti and Si targets were used in UVH reactive dual magnetron sputtering in a mixed Ar/N2 discharge. Composition analysis by time-of-flight energy elastic recoil detection analysis show that the films are close to stoichiometric (0.95 ≤ y ≤ 1.00) with respect to TiN over the wide range of Si concentrations 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.22. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with scanning TEM and energy dispersive Xray analysis show that all films grow epitaxially for x ≤ 0.18 and that as much as every fifth Ti atom can be replaced by Si (~10 at.%) in Ti1-xSixN(001). For the (011) and (111)-oriented films, however, only 1-2 at.% Si substitutes for Ti. Instead, Si segregates to form crystalline-to-amorphous SiNz (z ≈ 1) tissue phases, which promote the formation of epitaxial TiN nanocolumns. The nanocolumns have preferred {110} interfaces and {200} top facets and grow several hundreds of nm in length.
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