| 1. |
- Bardel, Annika, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Age and sex related self-reported symptoms in a general population across 30 years: Patterns of reporting and secular trend
- 2019
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective :To study age and sex specific prevalence of 30 symptoms in random samples from the general population and to analyze possible secular trends across time. Study population: The study was based on data from eight on-going Swedish cohort studies, with baseline investigations performed between 1973 and 2003. Samples were drawn from the general population of the cities of Gothenburg and Eskilstuna, and of Uppsala County. Overall, 20,160 subjects were sampled, 14,470 (71.8%) responded, of whom 12.000 were unique subjects, and 2548 were part of more than one sample. Methods: The Complaint score sub-scale of the Gothenburg Quality of Life instrument, listing 30 general symptoms was used. Responders were asked to indicate which symptoms they had experienced during the last three months. Results: Women reported on average 7.8 symptoms, and men 5.3 (p<0.0001). Women reported higher prevalence than men for 24 of the 30 symptoms. In multivariate analyses four patterns of prevalence across age were identified in both men and women; increasing prevalence, decreasing, stable and biphasic prevalence. The symptoms in the various pattern groups differed somewhat between men and women. However, symptoms related to strain were prominent among symptoms decreasing with age. Moreover, there were secular trends. Across all symptoms reporting prevalence increased over time in men (p<0.001) as well as in women (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Women reported higher total symptom prevalence than men. Symptoms related to health generally increased with age, while symptoms related to stress decreased markedly. Significant secular trends across time regarding symptom prevalence were found. © 2019 Bardel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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| 2. |
- Halford, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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A population-based study of nearly 15 000 observations among Swedish women and men during 1973-2003
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 2:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Global self-rated health (SRH) has become extensively used as an outcome measure in population health surveillance. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of age and secular trend (year of investigation) on SRH. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study, using population-based data from eight ongoing cohort studies, with sampling performed between 1973 and 2003. SETTING: Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: 11 880 women and men, aged 25-99 years, providing 14 470 observations. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Global SRH. RESULTS: In multiple ordinal logistic regression analyses, adjusted for the effects of covariates, there were independent effects of age (p<0.0001) and of year of investigation (p<0.0001) on SRH. In women the association was linear, showing lower levels of SRH with increased age, and more recent year of investigation. In men the association was curvilinear, and thus more complex. The final model explained 76.2% of the SRH variance in women and 74.5% of the variance in men. CONCLUSIONS: SRH was strongly and inversely associated with age in both sexes, after adjustment for other outcome-affecting variables. There was a strongly significant effect of year of investigation indicating a change in SRH, in women towards lower levels over calendar time, in men with fluctuations across time.
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| 3. |
- Halford, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of self-rated health on sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions and mortality. A population-based longitudinal study of nearly 15,000 observations among Swedish women and men.
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple global self-ratings of health (SRH) have become increasingly used in national and international public health monitoring, and in recent decades recommended as a standard part of health surveys. Monitoring developments in population health requires identification and use of health measures, valid in relation to targets for population health. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between SRH and sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions, and mortality, adjusted for effects of significant covariates, in a large population-based cohort. The analyses were based on screening data from eight population-based cohorts in southern and central Sweden, and on official register data regarding sick-leave, disability pension, hospital admissions, and death, with little or no data loss. Sampling was performed 1973-2003. The study population consisted of 11,880 women and men, age 25-99 years, providing 14,470 observations. Information on SRH, socio-demographic data, lifestyle variables and somatic and psychological symptoms were obtained from questionnaires. There was a significant negative association between SRH and sick leave (Beta -13.2, p<0.0001, and -9.5, p<0.01, in women and men, respectively), disability pension (Hazard ratio 0.77, p<0.0001 and 0.76, p<0.0001, in women and men, respectively), and mortality, adjusted for covariates. SRH was also significantly associated with hospital admissions in men (Hazard ratio 0.87, p<0.0001), but not in women (Hazard ratio 0.96, p0.20). Associations between SRH on the one hand, and sick leave, disability pension, hospital admission, and mortality, on the other, were robust during the follow-up period. SRH had strong predictive validity in relation to use of social insurance facilities and health care services, and to mortality. Associations were strong and robust during follow-up.
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| 4. |
- Emerging Risk Factors, Collaboration, et al.
(författare)
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The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration: analysis of individual data on lipid, inflammatory and other markers in over 1.1 million participants in 104 prospective studies of cardiovascular diseases
- 2007
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Ingår i: Eur J Epidemiol. - 0393-2990. ; 22:12, s. 839-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many long-term prospective studies have reported on associations of cardiovascular diseases with circulating lipid markers and/or inflammatory markers. Studies have not, however, generally been designed to provide reliable estimates under different circumstances and to correct for within-person variability. The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration has established a central database on over 1.1 million participants from 104 prospective population-based studies, in which subsets have information on lipid and inflammatory markers, other characteristics, as well as major cardiovascular morbidity and cause-specific mortality. Information on repeat measurements on relevant characteristics has been collected in approximately 340,000 participants to enable estimation of and correction for within-person variability. Re-analysis of individual data will yield up to approximately 69,000 incident fatal or nonfatal first ever major cardiovascular outcomes recorded during about 11.7 million person years at risk. The primary analyses will involve age-specific regression models in people without known baseline cardiovascular disease in relation to fatal or nonfatal first ever coronary heart disease outcomes. This initiative will characterize more precisely and in greater detail than has previously been possible the shape and strength of the age- and sex-specific associations of several lipid and inflammatory markers with incident coronary heart disease outcomes (and, secondarily, with other incident cardiovascular outcomes) under a wide range of circumstances. It will, therefore, help to determine to what extent such associations are independent from possible confounding factors and to what extent such markers (separately and in combination) provide incremental predictive value.
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| 5. |
- Fibrinogen Studies, Collaboration, et al.
(författare)
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Systematically missing confounders in individual participant data meta-analysis of observational cohort studies.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Statistics in medicine. - : Wiley. - 0277-6715 .- 1097-0258. ; 28:8, s. 1218-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One difficulty in performing meta-analyses of observational cohort studies is that the availability of confounders may vary between cohorts, so that some cohorts provide fully adjusted analyses while others only provide partially adjusted analyses. Commonly, analyses of the association between an exposure and disease either are restricted to cohorts with full confounder information, or use all cohorts but do not fully adjust for confounding. We propose using a bivariate random-effects meta-analysis model to use information from all available cohorts while still adjusting for all the potential confounders. Our method uses both the fully adjusted and the partially adjusted estimated effects in the cohorts with full confounder information, together with an estimate of their within-cohort correlation. The method is applied to estimate the association between fibrinogen level and coronary heart disease incidence using data from 154,012 participants in 31 cohorts
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| 6. |
- Mandalenakis, Zacharias, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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The risk of atrial fibrillation in the general male population: a lifetime follow-up of 50-year-old men
- 2015
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 17:7, s. 1018-1022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence rate, and lifetime risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based study of Swedish men. Methods and results The study is a part of 'The Study of Men Born in 1913', which is a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 855 men born in 1913 and living in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. They were followed from the age of 50 years until 98 years with repeated examinations and data from the Swedish National Hospital Discharge Register. A total of 185 (21.6%) men developed AF. The prevalence of AF increased from 0.4% at 50 years old, to 1.9% by 60 years old, to 4.6% by 70 years old, to 12.5% by 80 years old, and to 15.7% by 90 years old. The lifetime risk of developing AF was 22.5%. Conclusion Atrial fibrillation is rare at the age of 50 in Swedish men, but it increases exponentially with age, markedly accelerating after 70 years old. In nonagenarians, one of five men has or has had AF.
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| 7. |
- Rosengren, Annika, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Obesity and trends in cardiovascular risk factors over 40 years in Swedish men aged 50.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of internal medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 266:3, s. 268-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study trends over 40 years in cardiovascular risk factors in normal weight, overweight and obese men, all aged 50 when examined. Design. Cross-sectional studies of five successive cohorts of men aged 50. SETTING: City of Göteborg, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Random population samples of altogether 3251 urban Swedish men born in 1913, 1923, 1933, 1943 and 1953. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometry, cardiovascular risk factors, rates of nonsmoking, normotension and serum cholesterol <5 mmol L(-1) over four decades. RESULTS: Over 40 years, there was a net increase in body mass index (BMI) from 24.8 (SD = 3.2) to 26.4 (3.7) kg m(-2) (P < 0.0001), with an increase in the prevalence of obesity (BMI >or= 30 kg m(-2)) from 6.0% in 1963 to 13.8% in 2003. Favourable trends with respect to smoking, blood pressure and serum cholesterol were observed similarly amongst normal weight, overweight and obese men. In 1963, 24% of obese men were normotensive compared to 45% in 2003, and 6% had serum cholesterol <5 mmol L(-1) compared to 34% in 2003. Compared with obese men in 1963, men who were obese in 2003 had an odds ratio (OR) of 3.39 being a nonsmoker [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.56 to 7.36], 2.67 of being normotensive (1.23 to 5.83) and having serum cholesterol <5 mmol L(-1) of 8.30 (2.37 to 29.0). However, optimal risk factor status - no smoking, normotension and total serum cholesterol <5 mmol L(-1)- was still present in less than one in six men in 2003, similar across BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS: Obese Swedish men who are now in their fifties have much lower levels of other risk factors compared with obese men 40 years ago. This could contribute to explain why coronary heart disease death rates still are falling despite increasing rates of obesity.
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| 8. |
- Rosengren, Annika, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial factors and venous thromboembolism: a long-term follow-up study of Swedish men
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7836. ; 6:4, s. 558-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The link between psychosocial factors and coronary heart disease is well established, but although effects on coagulation and fibrinolysis variables may be implicated, no population-based study has sought to determine whether venous thromboembolism is similarly related to psychosocial factors. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) is related to psychosocial factors. PATIENTS/METHODS: A stress questionnaire was filled in by 6958 men at baseline from 1970 to 1973, participants in a cardiovascular intervention trial. Their occupation was used to determine socio-economic status. RESULTS: After a maximum follow-up of 28.8 years, 358 cases of deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism were identified through the Swedish hospital discharge and cause-specific death registries. In comparison with men who, at baseline, had no or moderate stress, men with persistent stress had increased risk of pulmonary embolism [hazard ratio (HR)=1.80, 95% CI: 1.21-2.67]. After multivariable adjustment, the HR decreased slightly to 1.66 (95% CI: 1.12-2.48). When compared with manual workers, men with white-collar jobs at intermediate or high level and professionals showed an inverse relationship between occupational class and pulmonary embolism (multiple-adjusted HR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.39-0.83). Deep vein thrombosis was not significantly related to either stress or occupational class. CONCLUSION: Both persistent stress and low occupational class were independently related to future pulmonary embolism. The mechanisms are unknown, but effects on coagulation and fibrinolytic factors are likely.
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| 9. |
- Rosengren, Annika, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Serum lipids in fathers and sons at middle age. The study of sons to men born in 1913.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 0954-6820. ; :254, s. 126-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To relate lipid levels in middle-aged men to that of their fathers at 50 years of age measured 30 years earlier. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: In 1963, 855 men born in 1913 took part in a cardiovascular risk factor survey when they were at 50 years of age. In 1993, 475 sons to these men, aged 44-56, were invited to another examination; 263 of these men were examined (response rate: 56%) and compared with their 217 fathers when they were examined at 50 years of age in 1963. In the 1993 survey, 798 men aged 50, were also examined, from a general population sample of men born in 1943 (response rate: 55%). SETTING: City of Goteborg, Sweden. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum lipids in sons as a function of lipids in their fathers. RESULTS: Compared with the men born in 1913, both sons and men born in 1943 had lower mean serum cholesterol, but higher body mass index (BMI) and serum triglycerides. There was a significant relation between serum cholesterol in sons and their fathers (r = 0.25; P < 0.0001). Amongst sons to fathers in the highest cholesterol quartile (>6.9 mmol x L(-1)), 37% had serum cholesterol above 6.5 mmol x L(-1), compared with 16% amongst sons to fathers in the lowest quartile (<5.7 mmol x L(-1)) [adjusted odds ratio 3.73 (1.52-9.12)]. Sons to fathers with the highest serum cholesterol levels had slightly lower BMI; otherwise there was no relation between serum cholesterol in the father and any other lifestyle or biological risk factor in the sons. Serum triglyceride concentration in the father was unrelated to any variable in the son. CONCLUSIONS: There was a moderately strong association between serum cholesterol concentration in fathers and sons at middle age. However, secular trends were also important in determining serum cholesterol concentrations in those born at a later period, indicating a major role of environmental factors. PMID: 12859693 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 10. |
- Wallman, T., et al.
(författare)
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Sick-leave track record and other potential predictors of a disability pension. A population based study of 8,218 men and women followed for 16 years
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - 1471-2458. ; 9:104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A number of previous studies have investigated various predictors for being granted a disability pension. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of sick-leave track record as a predictor of being granted a disability pension in a large dataset based on subjects sampled from the general population and followed for a long time. METHODS: Data from five ongoing population-based Swedish studies was used, supplemented with data on all compensated sick leave periods, disability pensions granted, and vital status, obtained from official registers. The data set included 8,218 men and women followed for 16 years, generated 109,369 person years of observation and 97,160 sickness spells. Various measures of days of sick leave during follow up were used as independent variables and disability pension grant was used as outcome. RESULTS: There was a strong relationship between individual sickness spell duration and annual cumulative days of sick leave on the one hand and being granted a disability pension on the other, among both men and women, after adjustment for the effects of marital status, education, household size, smoking habits, geographical area and calendar time period, a proxy for position in the business cycle. The interval between sickness spells showed a corresponding inverse relationship. Of all the variables studied, the number of days of sick leave per year was the most powerful predictor of a disability pension. For both men and women 245 annual sick leave days were needed to reach a 50% probability of transition to disability. The independent variables, taken together, explained 96% of the variation in disability pension grantings. CONCLUSION: The sick-leave track record was the most important predictor of the probability of being granted a disability pension in this study, even when the influences of other variables affecting the outcome were taken into account.
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