| 1. |
- Horstkotte, Tim, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Does forest stand structure impact the dynamics of snow on winter grazing grounds of reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus)?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 291, s. 162-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The landscape in boreal Sweden is dominated by even-aged, single-layered forest monocultures and clearcuts. Few forest stands with a more complex, multi-layered structure remain as landscape elements. Westudied the impact that different forest management regimes have on snow conditions and the metamorphosisof snow, and discuss how these factors may affect suitability for reindeer grazing.Over two winters, we recorded the development of snow depth and hardness in clear cuts and two differentforest types, and their changes with weather events. In the forests, the dynamics of snow characteristicswere analyzed in relation to stand structure and at the level of individual trees.There were no clear differences in snow characteristics between single-layered and multi-layeredstands, although snow hardness was more variable in the latter. In single-layered stands, snow depthand hardness were spatially uniformly distributed in relation to stand characteristics. Contrastingly,the complex structure of multi-layered stands did influence snow depth significantly. However, hardnesswas highly heterogeneous in these stands. Due to the absence of tree effects, clear cuts had deeper butsofter snow than forested stands, although hardness increased towards spring.Weather affected the metamorphosis of the snow blanket. The magnitude of the effects depended onboth timing and severity of discrete weather events and forest structure, but generally weather had agreater influence on snow cover characteristics than forest structure per se. In their interaction withweather, different forest structures affect the snow and thus suitability as winter grazing area for reindeer.Reindeer herders, therefore, require diversity in the landscape in order to respond to such weathervariations and their impact on grazing conditions.
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| 2. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Roturier, Samuel
(författare)
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Of forest, snow and lichen: Sami reindeer herders' knowledge of winter pastures in northern Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 258, s. 1960-1967
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last few decades, the use of forests both by Sami reindeer herders and for commercial forestry has been a source of increasing conflict in northern Sweden. Forestry disturbs forest ecosystems and thus damages reindeer pastures, especially those rich in ground lichen, for which reindeer forage during the wintertime by digging through the snow. Despite increased communication between the two groups, the Sami still feel that their interests are not adequately considered by the commercial forestry sector. This paper presents the results of an interdisciplinary study that comprised semi-directed interviews and participant observations. The objective was to understand the Sami reindeer herders' extensive ecological knowledge of winter forest pastures, and the characteristics they observe when managing this resource. The study also analysed specific terminology used by the Sami herders, to describe, analyse and communicate these properties. These terms, as well as Sami herder knowledge in general, emphasize the importance of snow cover for reindeer grazing in forest pastures, as well as the effects of forest structure and ground vegetation on variations in snow cover during the winter. Whereas the Western use of the word 'pasture' is often associated with a specific plant community, the Sami herders' understanding of the word also includes the effect of snow on grazing and for this they use a culturally specific word in their language guohtun. This term conveys the additional notion of whether it is possible for reindeer to access the pasture under the snow. Sami herder knowledge and know-how allow them to use the mosaic of forest ecosystems to accommodate variability in snow cover during the wintertime, using different forest areas in response to different grazing conditions. Finally, the authors argue that, in order to promote the balanced, multiple use of boreal forest ecosystems, it is necessary to acknowledge and understand Sami reindeer herders knowledge and thus to fully integrate their needs and aspirations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Östlund, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Forestry historical studies in the province of Vasterbotten, Northern Sweden: a review of Lars Tiren (1937)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 26, s. 91-99
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lars Tiren was one of the leading forest researchers working in northern Sweden during the first half of the twentieth century. He studied forest regeneration and forest production but he was also interested in past land use and how it had affected the forests in northern Sweden. This paper is a review of Tiren's study, oForestry historical studies in the Degerfors district of the province of Vasterbotteno, published in 1937. The specific aims of this review are to evaluate the main findings, the scientific quality and the possible bias of this study, as well as its value today. Tiren's study included an analysis of forest fire history, and studies of structural changes of old-growth and high-graded forests and of preindustrial forest utilization, and it is based on different methods and sources, including dendrochronology and historical records analyses. Many of Tiren's analyses on intensive uses of the boreal forest prior to commercial forestry are still valid today and his work has influenced research in many fields, for example in forest fire ecology. Tiren's conclusion is, however, somewhat biased since he had a strong objective to demonstrate the poor care of the forest before the twentieth century, and the need for a more production-oriented forest management. Nevertheless, an important value of his work lies in the thorough descriptions of a forest landscape that no longer exists but that he could observe at the beginning of the twentieth century.
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