| 1. |
- Ruchkin, V V, et al.
(författare)
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Behaviour/emotional problems in male juvenile delinquents and controls in Russia : the role of personality traits.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 98:3, s. 231-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies based on the psychobiological theory of personality by Cloninger postulate a relationship between certain personality traits and various psychopathological manifestations. To test this theory, we administered the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Youth Self-Report to 188 male delinquents from a juvenile correction centre in Northern Russia, and to 111 age-matched male controls recruited from among schoolchildren. As assumed by previous studies, psychological symptoms were primarily positively correlated with harm avoidance and negatively correlated with self-directedness. At the same time, the higher levels of aggressive and delinquent behaviour were positively correlated with novelty-seeking and negatively correlated with co-operativeness. The possible mechanisms underlying these findings are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Ruchkin, V V, et al.
(författare)
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Conduct problems in Russian adolescents : the role of personality and parental rearing.
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 10:1, s. 19-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was 1) to assess the predictive value of conduct problems prior to the age of 12 for the severity of antisocial behaviour during adolescence, and 2) to investigate the relationships between personality traits/parental rearing and childhood conduct problems/teenage antisocial behaviour. A group of 193 delinquents was assessed by means of the Antisocial Behavior Checklist (ABC), the Retrospective Childhood Problems (RETROPROB), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the EMBU questionnaire on parental rearing. The extreme groups of delinquents as defined by childhood conduct problems, differed significantly on the experience of a rejecting father and a self-directed character. Furthermore, some specific predictive patterns for current antisocial behaviour by childhood conduct disorder and both personality dimensions and parental rearing factors emerged. The findings are discussed in the light of the interactive nature of relations between personality and parental rearing in the development of antisocial behaviour among adolescents.
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| 3. |
- Ruchkin, V V, et al.
(författare)
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Coping styles and psychosomatic problems : are they related?
- 2000
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Ingår i: Psychopathology. - 0254-4962 .- 1423-033X. ; 33:5, s. 235-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of recent studies have shown avoidant coping to be related with diverse types of somatic and mental pathology. In order to investigate the relevance of coping for both psychological and somatic problems in delinquent subjects, 185 boys from juvenile correction and 96 boys from secondary schools in Arkhangelsk, Northern Russia, were assessed by means of the Coping Scale for Children and Youth, the Youth Self-Report and the Giessen Subjective Complaints List - youth form. The results from the delinquent subjects partly confirmed previous findings on the dominant role of behavioural avoidance in the relationships between coping styles and both behavior/emotional problems and somatic complaints. Further implications of the results are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Ruchkin, V V, et al.
(författare)
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Interrelations between temperament, character, and parental rearing in male delinquent adolescents in northern Russia.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Psychiatry. - 0010-440X .- 1532-8384. ; 39:4, s. 225-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comparison between 192 male delinquent adolescents and 121 controls from Northern Russia using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and Own Memories of Parental Rearing (EMBU) questionnaire on perceived parental rearing showed significant differences. The delinquent group had a higher level of Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Self-transcendence, and also scored lower on Self-directedness. Delinquents who committed nonviolent crimes (thefts) appeared to have a higher level of Harm Avoidance compared with those who committed violent crimes (hooliganism, robbery, rape, and murder). As concerns perceived parental rearing practices, delinquents experienced more parental rejection and overprotection. Most of the personality dimensions were found to be highly correlated with the level of parental emotional warmth. Furthermore, both temperament traits and maternal rearing practices predicted the development of character dimensions. Findings are discussed in light of the interactive nature of parent-child relationships and of character development.
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| 5. |
- Ruchkin, V V, et al.
(författare)
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Juvenile male rape victims : is the level of post-traumatic stress related to personality and parenting?
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect. - 0145-2134 .- 1873-7757. ; 22:9, s. 889-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of post-traumatic stress in juvenile male rape victims and to test for its relationships with perceived parental rearing and personality dimensions.METHOD: Fifteen subjects (mean age of 16 years) were recruited from a correctional camp for juvenile criminals in Arkhangelsk, Russia. They were investigated by means of the "Revised Impact of Event Scale," the "Child Self-Report Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction Index," the "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale," the "EMBU" (perceived parental rearing) and the "Temperament and Character Inventory" (TCI).RESULTS: The level of post-traumatic stress, in most cases moderate to high, correlated with the temperament dimensions of harm avoidance and reward dependence. As concerns parental rearing, the total level of post-traumatic stress reaction was negatively correlated with paternal emotional warmth and positively with paternal rejection.CONCLUSIONS: The experience of post-traumatic stress is influenced by temperamental characteristics as well as by perceived parental rearing practices. Assumingly, these factors also play a role in becoming a rape victim, which deserves further investigation.
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| 6. |
- Ruchkin, V V, et al.
(författare)
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Parental rearing and problem behaviours in male delinquent adolescents versus controls in northern Russia.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 33:10, s. 477-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate possible relationships between parental rearing practices and problem behaviours in a sample of male delinquent adolescents versus controls. A total of 133 subjects from a juvenile correction centre and 108 matched school-children in the Arkhangelsk region, Russia, were assessed by means of the EMBU questionnaire and Youth Self-Report. Delinquents were more severely treated by parents and had more pronounced problem scores. Furthermore, problem scores were found to be highly correlated with parental rejection and lack of emotional warmth in both delinquents and controls. Parental rearing practices may influence the development of problem behaviours. The implications of these findings with regard to preventive measures are discussed.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Thompson, T.M, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variation in DRD4, criminality and conduct disorder
- 2011
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Ingår i: Personality and individual differences. - New York : Nova Science Publishers Inc.. - 9781611225884
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personality and individual differences research is relevant to practically every facet of human existence. For instance, since theories of persons either explicitly or implicitly guide clinical work, the field contributes to discussions of understanding abnormal psychology and provides a guide for conceptualising best treatment. Additionally, the field is relevant to understanding human development across the lifespan, and our understanding of personality and individual differences impacts upon our views of socialisation and interpersonal relations. This book presents research which draws attention to the rich scientific literature that continues to emerge with respect to personality and individual differences psychology.
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