| 1. |
- Kolijn, P. Martijn, et al.
(författare)
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High-risk subtypes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia are detectable as early as 16 years prior to diagnosis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 139:10, s. 1557-1563
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is preceded by monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), a CLL precursor state with a prevalence of up to 12% in aged individuals; however, the duration of MBL and the mechanisms of its evolution to CLL remain largely unknown. In this study, we sequenced the B-cell receptor (BcR) immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene repertoire of 124 patients with CLL and 118 matched controls in blood samples taken up to 22 years prior to diagnosis. Significant skewing in the BcR IGH gene repertoire was detected in the majority of patients, even before the occurrence of lymphocytosis and irrespective of the clonotypic IGH variable gene somatic hypermutation status. Furthermore, we identified dominant clonotypes belonging to major stereotyped subsets associated with poor prognosis up to 16 years before diagnosis in 14 patients with CLL. In 22 patients with longitudinal samples, the skewing of the BcR IGH gene repertoire increased significantly over time to diagnosis or remained stable at high levels. For 14 of 16 patients with available samples at diagnosis, the CLL clonotype was already present in the prediagnostic samples. Overall, our data indicate that the preclinical phase of CLL could be longer than previously thought, even in adverse-prognostic cases.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Nagurney, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Supply chain network competition in price and quality with multiple manufacturers and freight service providers
- 2015
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 1366-5545. ; 77:May, s. 248-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we develop both static and dynamic supply chain network models with multiple manufacturers and freight service providers competing on price and quality. The manufacturers compete with one another in terms of price and quality of the product manufactured, whereas the freight service providers compete on price and quality of the transportation service they provide for multiple modes. Both manufacturers and freight service providers maximize their utilities (profits) while considering the consequences of the competitors’ prices and quality levels. Bounds on prices and quality levels are included that have relevant policy-related implications. The governing equilibrium conditions of the static model are formulated as a variational inequality problem. The underlying dynamics are then described, with the stationary point corresponding to the variational inequality solution. An algorithm which provides a discrete-time adjustment process and tracks the evolution of the quality levels and prices over time is proposed, and convergence results given. Numerical examples illustrate how such a supply chain network framework, which is relevant to products ranging from high value to low value ones, can be applied in practice.
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| 4. |
- Saberi, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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A Network Economic Game Theory Model of a Service-Oriented Internet with Price and Quality Competition in Both Content and Network Provision
- 2014
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Ingår i: Service Science. - : Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). - 2164-3962 .- 2164-3970. ; 6:4, s. 229-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One key challenge in the current Internet is the inefficiency of the mechanisms by which technology is deployed and the business and economic models surrounding these processes. Customers' demands are driving the Internet and telecommunication networks toward the provision of quality-based end-to-end services, which need a richer family of performance guarantees. We believe that novel insights into future Internet structures can be obtained from taking into account the associated economic models and equilibrium conditions among providers. This paper develops a basic and a general network economic game theory model of a quality-based service-oriented Internet to study the competition among the service providers (both content and network providers). We derive the governing equilibrium conditions and provide the equivalent variational inequality formulations. An algorithm is proposed that yields closed-form expressions, at each iteration, for the prices and quality levels. To illustrate the modeling framework and the algorithm, we present computed solutions to numerical examples. The results show the generality of the proposed network economic model for a future Internet.
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| 5. |
- Tahmasian, Masoud, et al.
(författare)
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ENIGMA-Sleep : Challenges, opportunities, and the road map
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 30:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroimaging and genetics studies have advanced our understanding of the neurobiology of sleep and its disorders. However, individual studies usually have limitations to identifying consistent and reproducible effects, including modest sample sizes, heterogeneous clinical characteristics and varied methodologies. These issues call for a large-scale multi-centre effort in sleep research, in order to increase the number of samples, and harmonize the methods of data collection, preprocessing and analysis using pre-registered well-established protocols. The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium provides a powerful collaborative framework for combining datasets across individual sites. Recently, we have launched the ENIGMA-Sleep working group with the collaboration of several institutes from 15 countries to perform large-scale worldwide neuroimaging and genetics studies for better understanding the neurobiology of impaired sleep quality in population-based healthy individuals, the neural consequences of sleep deprivation, pathophysiology of sleep disorders, as well as neural correlates of sleep disturbances across various neuropsychiatric disorders. In this introductory review, we describe the details of our currently available datasets and our ongoing projects in the ENIGMA-Sleep group, and discuss both the potential challenges and opportunities of a collaborative initiative in sleep medicine.
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