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- Moroney, J V, et al.
(författare)
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Carbonic anhydrases in plants and algae
- 2001
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Ingår i: Plant, Cell and Environment. - 0140-7791 .- 1365-3040. ; 24:2, s. 141-153
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbonic anhydrases catalyse the reversible hydration of CO2, increasing the interconversion between CO2 and HCO3- + H+ in living organisms. The three evolutionarily unrelated families of carbonic anhydrases are designated alpha-, beta -and gamma -CA. Animals have only the alpha -carbonic anhydrase type of carbonic anhydrase, but they contain multiple isoforms of this carbonic anhydrase. In contrast, higher plants, algae and cyanobacteria may contain members of all three CA families. Analysis of the Arabidopsis database reveals at least 14 genes potentially encoding carbonic anhydrases. The database also contains expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with homology to most of these genes. Clearly the number of carbonic anhydrases in plants is much greater than previously thought. Chlamydomonas, a unicellular green alga, is not far behind with five carbonic anhydrases already identified and another in the EST database. In algae, carbonic anhydrases have been found in the mitochondria, the chloroplast thylakoid, the cytoplasm and the periplasmic space. In C-3 dicots, only two carbonic anhydrases have been localized, one to the chloroplast stroma and one to the cytoplasm. A challenge for plant scientists is to identify the number, location and physiological roles of the carbonic anhydrases.
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| 2. |
- Persson, M., et al.
(författare)
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The Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD) study – A review of a nationwide prospective cohort study in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 140, s. 236-244
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sweden is one of the highest in the world. However, the possibility of other types of diabetes must also be considered. In addition, individuals with T1D constitute a heterogeneous group. A precise classification of diabetes is a prerequisite for optimal outcome. For precise classification, knowledge on the distribution of genetic factors, biochemical markers and clinical features in individuals with new onset of diabetes is needed. The Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD), is a nationwide study in Sweden with the primary aim to facilitate a more precise classification and diagnosis of diabetes in order to enable the most adequate treatment for each patient. Secondary aims include identification of risk factors for diabetes-related co-morbidities. Since 2005, data on almost all children and adolescents with newly diagnosed diabetes in Sweden are prospectively collected and including heredity of diabetes, clinical symptoms, levels of C peptide, genetic analyses and detection of autoantibodies. Since 2011, analyses of HLA profile, autoantibodies and C peptide levels are part of clinical routine in Sweden for all pediatric patients with suspected diagnosis of diabetes. In this review, we present the methods and main results of the BDD study so far and discuss future aspects.
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