Associations between dietary patterns and dementia-related neuroimaging markers

• BACKGROUNDThe exploration of associations between dietary patterns and dementia-related neuroimaging markers can provide insights on food combinations that may impact brain integrity. METHODSData were derived from the Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study (n = 610). Three dietary patterns were obtained using principal component analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging markers included cortical thickness, an Alzheimer's disease (AD) signature score, small vessel disease, and white matter microstructural integrity. Adjusted linear/ordinal regression analyses were performed. RESULTSA high-protein and alcohol dietary pattern was negatively associated with cortical thickness in the whole brain (Beta: -0.011; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.018 to -0.003), and with an Alzheimer's disease cortical thickness signature score (Beta: -0.013; 95% CI: -0.024 to -0.001). A positive association was found between a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern and white matter microstructural integrity (Beta: 0.078; 95% CI: 0.002-0.154). No associations were found with a Western-like dietary pattern. DISCUSSIONDietary patterns may impact brain integrity through neurodegenerative and vascular pathways. HighlightsCertain dietary patterns were associated with dementia-related neuroimaging markers.A Mediterranean dietary pattern was positively associated with white matter microstructure.A high-protein and alcohol pattern was negatively associated with cortical thickness.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Näringslära (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Nutrition and Dietetics (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Alzheimer's disease

dementia

dietary patterns

diffusion tensor

imaging

magnetic resonance imaging

neuroimaging

small vessel disease

mediterranean diet

alzheimers-disease

macronutrients

stroke

Neurosciences & Neurology

diffusion tensor imaging

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)