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Sökning: WFRF:(Sanyal A)

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1.
  • Adam, A, et al. (författare)
  • Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016.
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-8118. ; 14:Suppl 1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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  • Bois, G., et al. (författare)
  • Benchmark DEBORA : Assessment of MCFD compared to high-pressure boiling pipe flow measurements
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Multiphase Flow. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-9322 .- 1879-3533. ; 179
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A benchmark activity on two-fluid simulations of high-pressure boiling upward flows in a pipe is performed by 12 participants using different MCFD (Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics) codes and closure relationships. More than 30 conditions from DEBORA experiment conducted by CEA are considered. Each case is characterised by the flow rate, inlet temperature, wall heat flux and outlet pressure. High-pressure Freon (R12) at 14 bar and 26 bar is boiled in a 19.2mm pipe heated over 3.5m. Flow rates range from 2000 kg m−2 s−1 to 5000 kg m−2 s−1 and exit quality x ranges from single-phase conditions to x=0.1 which leads to a peak void fraction of α=70%. In these high pressure conditions, bubbles remain small and there is no departure from the bubbly flow regime (François et al., 2011; Hösler, 1968). However, different kind of bubbly flows are observed: wall-peak, intermediate peak or core-peak, depending on the case considered. Measurements along the pipe radius near the end of the heated section are compared to code predictions. They include void fraction, bubble mean diameter, vapour velocity and liquid temperature. The benchmark covered two phases. In the first phase of the benchmark activities, experimental data were given to the participants, allowing to compare the simulation results and to develop, to select or to adjust the models in the CMFD codes. The second phase included blind cases where the participants could not compare to the measurements. In between the two phases, possible additional model adjustments or calibrations were performed. Overall, the benchmark involved very different closures and a wide range of models’ complexity was covered. Yet, it is extremely difficult to have a robust closure for all conditions considered, even knowing experimental measurements. The wall-to-core peak transition is not captured consistently by the models. The degree of subcooling and the void fraction level are also difficult to assess. We were not capable of showing superiority of some physical closures, even for part of the model. The interaction between mechanisms and their hierarchy are extremely difficult to understand. Although departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) was not considered in this benchmarking exercise, it is expected that DNB predictions at high-pressure conditions depend strongly on the near-wall flow, temperature, and void fraction distributions. Therefore, the suitability of the closures also limits the accuracy of DNB predictions. The benchmark also demonstrated that in order to progress further in models development and validation, it is compulsory to have new measurements that include simultaneously as many variables as possible (including liquid temperature, velocity, cross-correlations and wall temperature); also, a better knowledge of the local bubble sizes distributions is the key to discriminate performances of interfacial area modelling (IATE, MUSIG or iMUSIG models, considering for instance the possibility of two classes of bubbles having totally different behaviour regarding the lift force). Following this benchmark impulse, we hope that future activities will be engaged on high-pressure boiling water experiments with a continuation of models’ comparisons and development.
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  • Ivanov, Sergey A., et al. (författare)
  • Evolution of the structural and multiferroic properties of PbFe2/3W1/3O3 ceramics upon Mn-doping
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0254-0584 .- 1879-3312. ; 187, s. 218-232
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The perovskite system Pb(Fe1-xMnx)(2/3)W1/3O3 (0 <= x <= 1, PFMWO) has been prepared by conventional solid-state reaction under different sintering conditions. Structures and phase composition as well as thermal, magnetic and dielectric properties of the compounds have been systematically investigated experimentally and by first-principles density functional calculations. A clean perovskite phase is established at room temperature for compositions 0 <= x <= 0.4. Rietveld refinements of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction patterns demonstrate that the compounds crystallize in space group Pm-3m (0 <= x <= 0.4). The degree of ordering of the Fe and W/Mn cations was found to depend on the concentration of Mn. First-principles calculations suggest that the structural properties of PFMWO are strongly influenced by the Jahn Teller effect. The PFMWO compounds behave as relaxor ferroelectrics at weak Mn-doping with a dielectric constant that rapidly decreases with increasing Mn content. A low temperature antiferromagnetic G-type order with propagation vector k = (1/2,1/2,1/2) is derived from neutron powder diffraction data for the samples with x <= 0.4. However with increasing doping concentration, the magnetic order is perturbed. First principles calculations show that the dominant exchange coupling is antiferromagnetic and occurs between nearest neighbor Fe atoms. When the system is doped with Mn, a relatively weak ferromagnetic (FM) interaction between Fe and Mn atoms emerges. However, due to the presence of this FM interaction, the correlation length of the magnetic order is greatly shortened already at rather low doping levels.
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8.
  • Kreutzberger, AJB, et al. (författare)
  • SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 119:38, s. e2209514119-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry starts with membrane attachment and ends with spike (S) protein–catalyzed membrane fusion depending on two cleavage steps, namely, one usually by furin in producing cells and the second by TMPRSS2 on target cells. Endosomal cathepsins can carry out both. Using real-time three-dimensional single-virion tracking, we show that fusion and genome penetration require virion exposure to an acidic milieu of pH 6.2 to 6.8, even when furin and TMPRSS2 cleavages have occurred. We detect the sequential steps of S1-fragment dissociation, fusion, and content release from the cell surface in TMPRRS2-overexpressing cells only when exposed to acidic pH. We define a key role of an acidic environment for successful infection, found in endosomal compartments and at the surface of TMPRSS2-expressing cells in the acidic milieu of the nasal cavity.
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9.
  • Kreutzberger, AJB, et al. (författare)
  • SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • SARS-CoV-2 cell entry starts with membrane attachment and ends with spike-protein (S) catalyzed membrane fusion depending on two cleavage steps, one usually by furin in producing cells and the second by TMPRSS2 on target cells. Endosomal cathepsins can carry out both. Using real-time 3D single virion tracking, we show fusion and genome penetration requires virion exposure to an acidic milieu of pH 6.2-6.8, even when furin and TMPRSS2 cleavages have occurred. We detect the sequential steps of S1-fragment dissociation, fusion, and content release from the cell surface in TMPRRS2 overexpressing cells only when exposed to acidic pH. We define a key role of an acidic environment for successful infection, found in endosomal compartments and at the surface of TMPRSS2 expressing cells in the acidic milieu of the nasal cavity.Significance StatementInfection by SARS-CoV-2 depends upon the S large spike protein decorating the virions and is responsible for receptor engagement and subsequent fusion of viral and cellular membranes allowing release of virion contents into the cell. Using new single particle imaging tools, to visualize and track the successive steps from virion attachment to fusion, combined with chemical and genetic perturbations of the cells, we provide the first direct evidence for the cellular uptake routes of productive infection in multiple cell types and their dependence on proteolysis of S by cell surface or endosomal proteases. We show that fusion and content release always require the acidic environment from endosomes, preceded by liberation of the S1 fragment which depends on ACE2 receptor engagement.One sentence summaryDetailed molecular snapshots of the productive infectious entry pathway of SARS-CoV-2 into cells
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10.
  • Kreutzberger, AJB, et al. (författare)
  • SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 119:38, s. e2209514119-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry starts with membrane attachment and ends with spike (S) protein–catalyzed membrane fusion depending on two cleavage steps, namely, one usually by furin in producing cells and the second by TMPRSS2 on target cells. Endosomal cathepsins can carry out both. Using real-time three-dimensional single-virion tracking, we show that fusion and genome penetration require virion exposure to an acidic milieu of pH 6.2 to 6.8, even when furin and TMPRSS2 cleavages have occurred. We detect the sequential steps of S1-fragment dissociation, fusion, and content release from the cell surface in TMPRRS2-overexpressing cells only when exposed to acidic pH. We define a key role of an acidic environment for successful infection, found in endosomal compartments and at the surface of TMPRSS2-expressing cells in the acidic milieu of the nasal cavity.
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