| 1. |
- Creese, Byron, et al.
(författare)
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Determining the Association of the 5HTTLPR Polymorphism with Delusions and Hallucinations in Lewy Body Dementias
- 2014
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Ingår i: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1545-7214 .- 1064-7481. ; 22:6, s. 580-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To determine whether the 5HTTLPR serotonin transporter polymorphism is associated with delusions and hallucinations in people with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson disease dementia (PDD). Design: Prospective cohort study. Participants: A total of 187 individuals, recruited from centres in Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom were included in this study; 97 with clinically or neuropathologically diagnosed DLB/PDD and 90 cognitively normal individuals as a comparison group. Measurements: All participants with dementia underwent serial evaluation of neuropsychiatric symptoms to assess the presence of persistent delusions and hallucinations using the Columbia University Scale for Psychopathology in Alzheimer disease, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, or the Present Behavioural Examination. Severity of cognitive impairment was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Individuals were genotyped for the 5HTTLPR polymorphism. Results: Logistic regression demonstrated that homozygosity for the L/L genotype and lower MMSE were associated with an increased risk for delusions (odds ratio: 11.5 and 1.16, respectively). Neither was significantly associated with hallucinations. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate the 5HTTLPR polymorphism is associated with delusions in Lewy body dementias, with important implications regarding the mechanisms underlying this symptom across the AD/DLB/PDD spectrum. Further studies are warranted to investigate this relationship further and examine treatment opportunities.
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| 2. |
- Creese, Byron, et al.
(författare)
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No association of COMT val158met polymorphism and psychotic symptoms in Lewy body dementias
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 531:1, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sought to determine whether the COMT val158met polymorphism (rs4680) is associated with delusions and hallucinations in people with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). A total of 218 individuals, recruited from centres in Norway, Sweden and the UK were included in this study; 121 with clinically or neuropathologically diagnosed DLB/PDD and 97 age-matched, cognitively normal controls. All participants with dementia underwent serial evaluation of neuropsychiatric symptoms to assess the presence of persistent delusions and hallucinations using the Columbia University Scale for Psychopathology in Alzheimer's disease, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory or the Present Behavioural Examination. Severity of cognitive impairment was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Both controls and participants with dementia were genotyped for rs4680. In contrast to previous findings, analysis by logistic regression failed to find any associations between rs4680 and psychotic symptoms. Larger studies in well characterised cohorts are warranted in order to investigate this relationship further. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Qiu, Xia, et al.
(författare)
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Individual participant data meta-analysis to compare EPDS accuracy to detect major depression with and without the self-harm item
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Item 10 of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is intended to assess thoughts of intentional self-harm but may also elicit concerns about accidental self-harm. It does not specifically address suicide ideation but, nonetheless, is sometimes used as an indicator of suicidality. The 9-item version of the EPDS (EPDS-9), which omits item 10, is sometimes used in research due to concern about positive endorsements of item 10 and necessary follow-up. We assessed the equivalence of total score correlations and screening accuracy to detect major depression using the EPDS-9 versus full EPDS among pregnant and postpartum women. We searched Medline, Medline In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from database inception to October 3, 2018 for studies that administered the EPDS and conducted diagnostic classification for major depression based on a validated semi-structured or fully structured interview among women aged 18 or older during pregnancy or within 12 months of giving birth. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis. We calculated Pearson correlations with 95% prediction interval (PI) between EPDS-9 and full EPDS total scores using a random effects model. Bivariate random-effects models were fitted to assess screening accuracy. Equivalence tests were done by comparing the confidence intervals (CIs) around the pooled sensitivity and specificity differences to the equivalence margin of delta = 0.05. Individual participant data were obtained from 41 eligible studies (10,906 participants, 1407 major depression cases). The correlation between EPDS-9 and full EPDS scores was 0.998 (95% PI 0.991, 0.999). For sensitivity, the EPDS-9 and full EPDS were equivalent for cut-offs 7-12 (difference range - 0.02, 0.01) and the equivalence was indeterminate for cut-offs 13-15 (all differences - 0.04). For specificity, the EPDS-9 and full EPDS were equivalent for all cut-offs (difference range 0.00, 0.01). The EPDS-9 performs similarly to the full EPDS and can be used when there are concerns about the implications of administering EPDS item 10.
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| 4. |
- Wilson, Sally, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in women referred for bone density assessment: relationships with bone mineral density, fracture and co-morbidity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 24:5, s. 1235-1243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify variables that might influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with and without a history of fracture, attending bone mineral density (BMD) assessment prior to diagnosis of osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study included 312 newly referred postmenopausal women attending for a DXA scan, without a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Data were obtained from the medical history and the General Practitioners letter. HRQoL, using SF36 was scored using published algorithms with reference to an age-related population from England. Regression analyses were used to determine relationships between HRQoL and BMD, age, fracture status and co-morbidities. For all patients, the age-related physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores were 46 +/- A 10 and 47 +/- A 10, respectively. Controlling for confounding variables, low BMD at the femoral neck was associated with worse PCS scores (p = 0.010) and MCS scores (p = 0.034) in patients without fracture. In patients with a history of fracture, this relationship was less evident, and younger age (p less than 0.00), increasing BMI (p = 0.016) and number of co-morbidities (p = 0.042) were associated with reductions in PCS scores. Patients referred for BMD assessment before a diagnosis of osteoporosis had reduced PCS scores. In patients without fracture, low BMD contributed to this reduction in health-related quality of life. Low PCS scores in patients with fracture were seen only in younger subjects with osteoporosis.
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