| 1. |
- Bull, Cecilia, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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A novel mouse model of radiation-induced cancer survivorship diseases of the gut
- 2017
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1547 .- 0193-1857. ; 313:5, s. G456-G466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A deeper understanding of the radiation-induced pathophysiological processes that develop in the gut is imperative to prevent, alleviate, or eliminate cancer survivorship diseases after radiotherapy to the pelvic area. Most rodent models of high-dose gastrointestinal radiation injury are limited by high mortality. We therefore established a model that allows for the delivering of radiation in fractions at high doses while maintaining long-term survival. Adult male C57/BL6 mice were exposed to small-field irradiation, restricted to 1.5 cm of the colorectum using a linear accelerator. Each mouse received 6 or 8 Gy, two times daily in 12-h intervals in two, three, or four fractions. Acute cell death was examined at 4.5 h postirradiation and histological changes at 6 wk postirradiation. Another group was given four fractions of 8 Gy and followed over time for development of visible symptoms. Irradiation caused immediate cell death, mainly limited to the colorectum. At 6 wk postirradiation, several crypts displayed signs of radiation-induced degeneration. The degenerating crypts were seen alongside crypts that appeared perfectly healthy. Crypt survival was reduced after the fourth fraction regardless of dose, whereas the number of macrophages increased. Angiogenesis was induced, likely as a compensatory mechanism for hypoxia. Four months postirradiation, mice began to show radiation-induced symptoms, and histological examination revealed an extensive crypt loss and fibrosis. Our model is uniquely suitable for studying the long-term trajectory and underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A novel mouse model for studying the long-term trajectory of radiation-induced gut injury. The method allows for the use of high doses and multiple fractions, with minor impact on animal health for at least 3 mo. Crypt loss and a slow progression of fibrosis is observed. Crypt degeneration is a process restricted to isolated crypts. Crypt degeneration is presented as a convenient proxy endpoint for long-term radiation-induced gut injury.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Gunnar, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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The experience of guilt and shame : A phenomenological-psychological study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Human Studies. - Dordrecht The Netherlands : Springer. - 0163-8548 .- 1572-851X. ; 32:3, s. 335-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims at discovering the essential constituents involved in the experiences of guilt and shame. Guilt concerns a subject's action or omission of action and has a clear temporal unfolding entailing a moment in which the subject lives in a care-free way. Afterwards, this moment undergoes a reconstruction, in the moment of guilt, which constitutes the moment of negligence. The reconstruction is a comprehensive transformation of one's attitude with respect to one's ego; one's action; the object of guilt and the temporal-existential experience. The main constituents concerning shame are its anchorage in the situation to which it refers; its public side involving the experience of being perceptually objectified; the exclusion of social community; the bodily experience; the revelation of an undesired self; and the genesis of shame in terms of a history of frozen now-ness. The article ends with a comparison between guilt and shame. Adapted from the source document.
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| 3. |
- Nyroos, Mikaela, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the presence of test anxiety and its relation to mathematical achievement in a sample of grade 3
- 2012
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Ingår i: Skrifter från Svensk förening för matematikdidaktisk forskning. - Linköping : Svensk förening för matematikdidaktisk forskning. - 1651-3274. ; , s. 151-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims at exploring if a sample of Swedish grade 3 pupils reported any test anxiety and whether there were any relations to performance in different mathematical areas. Overall, test anxiety explained 20% of the variance for the total mathematical score, with the subscale “thoughts” as the significant predictor. The model of test anxiety also explained Number understanding, Mass and Time, Patterns, and Mathematical problems; however Mental arithmetic and Written arithmetic algorithms were not significantly explained by the model. Test anxiety seems not to be a major problem in this sample; still, significant negative correlations were found, which likely might influence the pupils in some aspects.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ragnarsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Recurrent pain in school-aged children : a longitudinal study focusing on the relation to academic achievement
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 163:11, s. 2245-2253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recurrent pain is an increasing public health problem among school-aged children, with potential negative impact on children's daily lives, such as schoolwork. The overall aim of this study was to investigate whether recurrent pain in school year 6 was associated with poorer academic achievement at the end of elementary school in school year 9. The study was a follow-up study based on data from "The Study of Health in School-Aged Children from Umeå". Participants were 1567 children aged 12 to 13 years who attended school year 6. A follow-up was performed in school year 9, when the children were 16 years old. The children answered a questionnaire about recurrent pain (headache, stomachache, and backache). Information about academic achievement was collected from school registers. The results showed that having weekly recurrent pain in school year 6 predicted lower final overall grade points in school year 9 than in children with no recurrent pain. This applied for recurrent headache, stomachache, backache, and multiple pains and for both girls and boys. Recurrent pain did not predict secondary school eligibility, however. Perceived problems with academic achievement and problems with concentration partly mediated the association between recurrent pain and lower final overall grade points. Sleep problems were not associated with academic achievement and were therefore not a mediator. Thus, the results suggest that recurrent pain may predict later impairment of academic achievement and that problems with concentration and children's perceived achievement in school, but not sleep problems, may partly explain this relationship.
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| 6. |
- Silfver, Eva, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Changing Our Methods and Disrupting the Power Dynamics : National Tests in Third-Grade Classrooms
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Methods. - Edmonton, Canada : University of Alberta, Int. Inst. of Qualitative Methodology, Edmonton Clinic in Health Academy, Edmonton, Canada. - 1609-4069. ; 12, s. 39-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on a research project relating to the newly implemented mandatory Swedish national mathematics tests for third-grade students (aged nine and ten). The project’s main research concerns the students’ ideas about and reactions towards these tests and how the specific test situation affects their perception of their own mathematical proficiency. Drawing on theories which suggest that identities are more fluid than static, we want to understand how students with special needs are ‘created’. The specific aim of this paper is to discuss how our research methods have been refined during the various phases of data collection and the resulting implications. It discusses issues surrounding child research and how methods involving video recording and video stimulated recall dialogue (VSRD) can contribute to research on children’s experiences. Particular attention is given to methodological and ethical issues; how to disrupt power relations, for example. In this paper we argue that the context of the test situation not only impacted upon the students but also affected how we changed, developed and adapted our approaches as the project evolved.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sjöberg, Gunnar, 1955-
(författare)
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Bara en termin kvar
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nämnaren. - 0348-2723. ; :2, s. 14-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statistisk kring hur många elever som inte når godkända betyg i grundskolan diskuteras flitigt. Men vad säger ungdomarna själva? Här ges en rapport kring 20 elevers tankar om den egna matematikundervisningen.
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| 9. |
- Sjöberg, Gunnar, Universitetslektor docent, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningsbaserad matematikundervisning : möjligt i teorin, men går det i praktiken?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nämnaren. - 0348-2723. ; :3, s. 11-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Elevens tro på sin egen förmåga visade sig vara en av nyckelfaktorerna när skolkontoret i Umeå kommun, Specialpedagogiska skolmyndigheten samt det matematikdidaktiska forskarnätverket vid Umeå universitet samarbetade i ett utvecklingsprojekt för undervisning av elever med särskilda undervisningsbehov i matematik. Med hjälp av bland annat mental träning i matematik tog eleverna steget från att vara en som inte kan – till att vara en som faktiskt kan lära sig matematik.
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| 10. |
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