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- Iliadis, Stavros I, et al.
(författare)
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Association between a single nucleotide polymorphism in the hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 gene and postpartum depression symptoms: the role of neuroticism
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundPostpartum depression is a common psychiatric disorder and numerous studies have assessed its association with psychosocial and biological factors. However, the contribution of genetic factors remains largely unknown. A dysregulated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and neuroticism associate with depressive symptoms after childbirth. A common genetic variant in the hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 gene (HSD11B1), a component of the HPA-axis, has been recently associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. AimTo examine the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12565406 in HSD11B1 and neuroticism, as well as the possible mediatory role of neuroticism in the association between the polymorphism and postpartum depressive symptoms. Materials and MethodsThe present study was conducted as part of the BASIC-project and included 771 women. Self-administered questionnaires were sent to study participants, containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at six weeks postpartum and questions on demographic variables at pregnancy week 17 and 32 and at six weeks postpartum, as well as the Swedish universities Scale of Personality (SSP) at pregnancy week 32. Blood samples for genetic analyses were collected. ResultsSixty-five women (8.6%) reported depressive symptoms six weeks postpartum. Study subjects with EPDS ≥ 12 had higher scores on neuroticism compared to controls. Women who were homozygous for the major allele (GG) presented with higher EPDS score postpartum and scored higher in neuroticism, compared to T carriers. Linear regression models with log transformed EPDS score as the dependent variable and the rs12565406 genotype (GG vs. TG/TT) as the independent variable showed an association between the GG genotype and depressive symptoms. When neuroticism was introduced in the model, it was associated with EPDS score, whereas the association between the GG genotype and EPDS became borderline significant. Results were unaltered after adjustment for possible confounders. A path analysis on these variables revealed that neuroticism had a mediatory role in the association between the SNP and EPDS score. ConclusionsNeuroticism had a mediatory role in the association between the HSD11B1 rs12565406 SNP and postpartum depression. Future studies are needed to ascertain whether neuroticism can be used as an easily assessed intermediate phenotype that can reflect the genetic risk of PPD.
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- Kimmel, Mary, et al.
(författare)
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Components of Mental Distress During Pregnancy in Relation to the Microbiome: Data from USA and Swedish Cohorts
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been implicated in depression, anxiety and navigating stress. The aim of this study is to characterize the microbiome and its potential functioning of two populations in relation to the changes of pregnancy and mental distress.Methods: Second and third trimester pregnant individuals from the United States and Sweden completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and provided fecal samples analyzed with whole genome metagenomics. Measures of microbial community diversity, differential abundance, and potential functioning were analyzed in relation to high distress (EPDS>11) and symptom subtypes. Both Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) assessed variation in microbial composition and potential function from the Gut-Brain-Modules; dbRDA considering the influence of mental distress and symptom subtypes. Results: Alpha-diversity significantly differed between 2nd and 3rd trimester among those with low distress, but not high distress, at both time points. Beta diversity showed composition of the highest distress Swedish group differed from the lower distress group. Four groups by variation in microbial community functioning were identified by PCoA; however, dbRDA groups constrained by mental distress and mental distress subtypes were not beyond random chance. Significant functions contributing to variance were cortisol degradation, inositol and menaquinone synthesis and short chain fatty acid synthesis, specifically acetate.Conclusions: This study suggests mental distress in pregnancy may be reflected through aspects of the microbiome, but findings often were not beyond random chance. Variation in microbial functioning may lead to new ways to group individuals and suggests important functions for further study.
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- Sjömark, Josefin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for women with negative birth experiences on partner relationship and infant bonding: A randomised controlled trial
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the effect of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT) on partner relationships and bonding in women with negative birth experiences and/or at risk of posttraumatic stress disorder following childbirth.Methods: In a superiority multicentre randomised controlled trial conducted in Sweden 2013–2018, 266 women were randomised to iCBT+treatment as usual (TAU) (n=132) or TAU (n=134). The outcome measures were 1) partner communication, 2) quality of partner relationship and 3) mother-infant bonding. Data were collected at baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks and one year after randomisation. Mixed-model repeated measures analysis was used.Results: The trial suffered from a high dropout rate. About 45% (n=59) of women in the intervention group completed the iCBT. In the intention-to-treat analyses, women in both groups reported fewer positive feelings and attitudes toward their partner over time. Partner satisfaction and cohesion declined over time. Mother-infant bonding showed initial improvement, but this later changed into decline over time. In the completer analyses, similar significant time effects were found for both groups. However, there were no significant group or interaction effects on any of the outcome measures in the intention-to-treat or completer analyses. Conclusions: In this study, we could not identify any effect of iCBT. However, we observed changes over time for both the intervention and TAU group with decreased quality of partner relationship over time, and initial improvement in mother-infant bonding, which then decreased.
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