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- Abbott, Allan, 1978-
(författare)
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Physiotherapeutic rehabilitation and lumbar fusion surgery
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over the last two decades, the economic costs and rates of lumbar fusion surgery for chronic low back pain has risen dramatically in western industrialized countries. Data from the Swedish National Spine Register suggest that 25% of patients experience unimproved pain and up to 40% are not satisfied with the outcome of lumbar fusion surgery. Thus, there is a definite need to optimize the selection and management of patients to improve lumbar fusion outcomes. Aim: To investigate the role of biopsychosocial factors in explaining disability and health related quality of life in chronic low back pain patients before and after lumbar fusion surgery and to evaluate the effectiveness of post-operative rehabilitation regimes. Methods: At total of 107 patients were recruited, aged 18 to 65 years, selected for lumbar fusion due to 12 months of symptomatic back and/or leg pain due to spinal stenosis, degenerative/isthmic spondylolisthesis or degenerative disc disease. Measures of disability, health related quality of life, pain, mental health, fear of movement/(re)injury, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, pain coping styles, work status, health care use, analgesic use and sickness leave were collected with self-rated questionnaires at baseline (Studies I-IV), 3, 6, 12 months (Study II) and 2-3 years after surgery (Studies II-III). In Studies II-IV, patients were randomised to psychomotor therapy (N=53) or exercise therapy (N=54) implemented during the first 3 post-operative months. Semi-structured interviews were conducted 3-6 months after surgery on 20 patients including 10 from each rehabilitation group to investigate experiences of back problems before and after surgery, post-operative recovery and expectations of rehabilitation analysed in terms of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (Study IV). Results: Approximately 50% of the variability in baseline disability and 40% of the variability in baseline health related quality of life could be explained by psychological variables. In particular, catastrophizing, control over pain, self-efficacy and outcome expectancy had significant mediation roles (Study I). For the short and long term outcome of lumbar fusion surgery, post-operative psychomotor therapy is significantly more effective than exercise therapy with approximately 10-20% better outcome in measures of disability, fear of movement/(re)injury, pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy sickness leave, health care utilization and return to work (Study II). A model with good outcome predictive performance which significantly predicts disability, back pain and health related quality of life outcomes 2-3 year after lumbar fusion surgery, was shown to involve pre-operative screening of disability, leg pain intensity, mental health, fear of movement/(re)injury, outcome expectations, catastrophizing, control over pain and the implementation of post-operative psychomotor therapy (Study III). Lumbar fusion patient s experiences of back problems before and after the operation as well as experiences of recovery and outcome expectations correspond well with the content of outcomes measures used in the study suggesting good content validity (Study IV). Conclusion: Psychological factors strongly influence levels of disability and health related quality of life in lumbar fusion candidates as well as predicts post-operative outcomes. Early post-operative rehabilitation focusing on cognition, behaviour and motor control is recommended for improved lumbar fusion outcomes.
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| 3. |
- Eckerblad, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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Symptom burden in stable COPD patients with moderate or severe airflow limitation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Heart & Lung. - : Elsevier. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 43:4, s. 351-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To describe a multidimensional symptom profile in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and determine whether symptom experience differed between patients with moderate or severe airflow limitations.BACKGROUND: Patients with severe airflow limitation experience numerous symptoms, but little is known regarding patients with moderate airflow limitation.METHODS: A multidimensional symptom profile (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale) was assessed in 42 outpatients with moderate and 49 with severe airflow limitations.RESULTS: The mean number of symptoms in the total sample was 7.9 (±4.3) with no difference between patients with moderate and severe airflow limitations. The most prevalent symptoms with the highest MSAS symptom burden scores were shortness of breath, dry mouth, cough, sleep problems, and lack of energy in both groups.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with moderate or severe airflow limitations experience multiple symptoms with high severity and distress. An assessment of their multidimensional symptom profile might contribute to better symptom management.
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| 5. |
- Enthoven, Paul, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical course in patients seeking primary care for back or neck pain : a prospective 5-year follow-up of outcome and health care consumption with subgroup analysis
- 2004
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 29:21, s. 2458-2465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design. Prospective follow-up.Objective. To describe the 5-year clinical course in a cohort of patients treated for back or neck pain in primary care and compare results with the 1-year outcome both for the whole group and for subgroups.Summary of Background Data. A randomized study showed a decrease in perceived pain and disability after treatment by chiropractic or physiotherapy, but many reported recurrence or continual pain at the 1-year follow-up. Knowledge of the clinical course over longer follow-up periods is limited.Methods. A 5-year follow-up questionnaire was sent to 314 individuals. Main outcome measures were pain intensity, Oswestry score, and general health. Recurrence, health care consumption, and other measures were described.Results. Fifty-two percent of respondents reported pain (visual analog scale, >10 mm) and back-related disability (Oswestry, >10%) at the 5-year follow-up. This was similar to 1-year results, and 84% of these were the same individuals. Sixty-three percent reported recurrence or continual pain, and 32% reported health care consumption at the 5-year follow-up.Conclusions. In a cohort of individuals of working age seeking primary care for nonspecific back or neck pain, it can be expected that about half of the population will report pain and disability at the 5-year follow-up. A significant proportion will report recurrence or continual pain and health care consumption. Pain and disability were associated with recurrence or continual pain and health care consumption. Further analysis is needed to identify additional predictors for 5-year outcome, taking into account 1-year follow-up results. Since many patients will have recurrence or continual pain, health policies and clinical decision models for long-term outcome must allow for these aspects.
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| 6. |
- Enthoven, Paul, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Course of back pain in primary care : a prospective study of physical measures
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 35:4, s. 168-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe physical measures used in patients with back pain when no specific treatment is given, to examine associations between change over time in these measures and changes in pain and back-related disability, and to study the value of physical measures at baseline and at a 4-week follow-up to predict outcome at 12 months.DESIGN: A prospective consecutive study.SUBJECTS: Forty-four patients presenting with low back pain in primary care.METHODS: The patients underwent a physical examination at baseline and at 4 weeks. Follow-up was carried out using questionnaires until 12 months. Linear regression was used to identify predictors.RESULTS: Most measures had improved significantly at the 4-week follow-up. Thoracolumbar rotation, isometric endurance back extensors, and fingertip-to-floor distance at 4 weeks were significant predictors for pain intensity and back-related disability at the 12-month follow-up. Eighteen out of 44 patients reported an increase in pain after the assessment of the physical measures at baseline. This group of patients improved more in physical measures between baseline and the 4-week follow-up.CONCLUSION: Physical measures assessed at the 4-week follow-up, but not at baseline, could provide important additional information for identifying those patients at risk for worse outcome in pain or back-related disability at 12 months.
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| 7. |
- Enthoven, Paul, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive factors for 1-year and 5-year outcome for disability in a working population of patients with low back pain treated in primary care
- 2006
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 122:1-2, s. 137-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many patients seeking primary care for low back pain continue to report disability several years after their initial visit. The aims of this study were to assess the independent predictive value of a number of potential predictive factors for disability at the 1-year and 5-year follow-ups, and to examine whether prediction models were improved by replacing baseline health-state-related variables with corresponding variables after treatment. A further aim was to describe possible differences between those on sick leave, early retirement or disability pension, and those who were not. Baseline factors were age, gender, self-reported physical-activity-related and work-related factors, expectations of treatment, similar problems previously, duration of episode, more than one localization, sick leave, pain frequency, disability, and well-being. The study sample comprised 148 participants in a previous randomized trial who were eligible for sick-leave benefits. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors. At the 5-year follow-up, 37% (n = 19/52) of the patients with disability were on sick leave or were receiving early retirement or disability pension. For those without disability the corresponding figure was 9% (n = 8/92). Being a woman, duration of the current episode, similar problems during the previous 5 years, exercise level before the current episode, pain frequency at baseline, and disability after treatment emerged as predictive factors for disability at the 5-year follow-up. Replacing baseline health-state-related measures with corresponding measures after the treatment period, and adding physical-activity-related and possibly work-related factors might improve the likelihood of predicting future disability.
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| 8. |
- Hallert, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison between women and men with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis of disease activity and functional ability over two years (the TIRA project)
- 2003
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Ingår i: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - 0003-4967. ; 62, s. 667-670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the course of recent onset rheumatoidarthritis (RA) and to compare consequences of the disease inmen and women.Methods: 284 patients with recent onset RA were followed upprospectively for two years from the time of diagnosis. Measuresof disease activity (for example, 28 joint disease activityscore (DAS28), C reactive protein, morning stiffness, physician’sglobal assessment) and function outcome (for example, rangeof movement, hand function, walking time) were determined. Thepatients’ self reported assessment of functional capacity(Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)) and grading of wellbeingand pain (visual analogue scale) were registered. Changes overtime and differences between men and women were evaluated.Results: Improvements were seen for all variables within thefirst three months. Disease activity then remained unchanged.Function variables followed the same pattern during the firstyear, but then tended to worsen. HAQ scores were similar atbaseline, but significantly worse in women than in men at theone and two year follow ups.Conclusions: Disease activity was well managed and had improvedsubstantially after two years, whereas function seemed slowlyto deteriorate. Although disease variables were similar formen and women, functional ability (HAQ) had a less favourablecourse in women.
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| 9. |
- Hammer, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of therapeutic riding (Sweden)/hippotherapy (United States) : a single-subject experimental design study replicated in eleven patients with multiple sclerosis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 21:1, s. 51-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether therapeutic riding (TR, Sweden) hippotherapy (HT, United States) may affect balance, gait, spasticity, functional strength, coordination, pain, self-rated level of muscle tension (SRLMT), activities of daily living (ADL), and health-related quality of life. Eleven patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were studied in a single-subject experimental design iSSED) study, type A-B-A. The intervention comprised ten weekly TR/HT sessions of 30 minutes each. The subjects were measured a maximum of 13 times. Physical tests were: the Berg balance scale, talking a figure of eight, the timed up and go test, 10 m walking, the modified Ashworth scale, the Index of Muscle Function, the Birgitta Lindmark motor assessment, part B, and individual measurements. Self-rated measures were. the Visual Analog Scale for pain, a scale for SRLMT, the Patient-Specific Functional Scale for ADL, and the SF-36. Data were analyzed visually, semi-statistically and considering clinical significance. Results showed improvement for ten subjects in one or more of the variables, particularly balance, and some improvements were also seen in pain, muscle tension, and ADL. Changes in SF-36 were mostly positive, with an improvement in Role-Emotional seen in eight patients. Conclusively, balance and Role-Emotional were the variables most often improved, but TR/HT appeared to benefit the subjects differently.
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| 10. |
- Kammerlind, Ann-Sofi C., et al.
(författare)
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Recovery after acute unilateral vestibular loss and predictors for remaining symptoms
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Otolaryngology. - : WB Saunders. - 0196-0709 .- 1532-818X. ; 32:5, s. 366-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aims of this study were to follow recovery during the first 6 months after acute unilateral vestibular loss (AUVL) and to determine predictors for self-rated remaining symptoms. Materials and methods: Forty-two subjects were included less than 10 days after AUVL. Static and dynamic clinical balance tests, visual analogue scales, University of California Los Angeles Dizziness Questionnaire, Dizziness Beliefs Scale, European Quality of Life questionnaire, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were performed at inclusion and at 7 follow-ups over 6 months. Subjects rated their symptoms on visual analogue scales daily at home. Videonystagmography was performed in the acute stage and after 10 weeks. Results: Decrease of symptoms and improvement of balance function were larger during the first compared with the latter part of the follow-up period. Visual analogue scale ratings for balance problems were higher than those for dizziness. A prediction model was created based on the results of 4 tests in the acute stage: standing on foam with eyes closed, standing on 1 leg with eyes open, visual analogue scale rating of vertigo at rest, and European Quality of Life questionnaire rating of health-related quality of life. The prediction model identified subjects at risk of having remaining symptoms after 6 months with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 79%. Conclusions: Recovery mainly takes place during the first weeks after AUVL. Subjects rate more balance problems than dizziness. Self-rated remaining symptoms after 6 months may be predicted by clinical balance tests and subjective ratings in the acute stage.
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