| 1. |
- Genovese, Giulio, et al.
(author)
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Clonal hematopoiesis and blood-cancer risk inferred from blood DNA sequence.
- 2014
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In: The New England journal of medicine. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 371:26, s. 2477-87
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancers arise from multiple acquired mutations, which presumably occur over many years. Early stages in cancer development might be present years before cancers become clinically apparent.
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| 2. |
- Humphreys, Keith, et al.
(author)
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The Genetic Structure of the Swedish Population
- 2011
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:8, s. e22547-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patterns of genetic diversity have previously been shown to mirror geography on a global scale and within continents and individual countries. Using genome-wide SNP data on 5174 Swedes with extensive geographical coverage, we analyzed the genetic structure of the Swedish population. We observed strong differences between the far northern counties and the remaining counties. The population of Dalarna county, in north middle Sweden, which borders southern Norway, also appears to differ markedly from other counties, possibly due to this county having more individuals with remote Finnish or Norwegian ancestry than other counties. An analysis of genetic differentiation (based on pairwise F(st)) indicated that the population of Sweden's southernmost counties are genetically closer to the HapMap CEU samples of Northern European ancestry than to the populations of Sweden's northernmost counties. In a comparison of extended homozygous segments, we detected a clear divide between southern and northern Sweden with small differences between the southern counties and considerably more segments in northern Sweden. Both the increased degree of homozygosity in the north and the large genetic differences between the south and the north may have arisen due to a small population in the north and the vast geographical distances between towns and villages in the north, in contrast to the more densely settled southern parts of Sweden. Our findings have implications for future genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with respect to the matching of cases and controls and the need for within-county matching. We have shown that genetic differences within a single country may be substantial, even when viewed on a European scale. Thus, population stratification needs to be accounted for, even within a country like Sweden, which is often perceived to be relatively homogenous and a favourable resource for genetic mapping, otherwise inferences based on genetic data may lead to false conclusions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lichtenstein, Paul, et al.
(author)
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Recurrence risks for schizophrenia in a Swedish national cohort
- 2006
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In: Psychological Medicine. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 36:10, s. 1417-1425
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Recurrence risk estimates for schizophrenia are fundamental to our understanding of this complex disease. Widely cited estimates are from small/older samples. If these estimates are biased upwards, then the rationale for molecular genetic studies of schizophrenia may not be as solid. Method. We created a population-based, Swedish national cohort by linking two Swedish national registers into a relational database (the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and the MultiGeneration Register). Affection was defined as the lifetime presence of at least two in-patient hospitalizations with a core schizophrenia diagnosis. Results. Merging the Swedish national registers created a population-based cohort of 7 739 202 individuals of known parentage. The lifetime prevalence of the narrow definition of schizophrenia was 0(.)407% and we estimated that one in every 79 extended Swedish families had been impacted by schizophrenia. The proportion of affected families with multiple affected members was 3(.)81%. Recurrence risk estimates for all relative types were strikingly similar to those reported in smaller and older studies. For example, we estimated lambda(sibs) at 8(.)55 [95% confidence interval (CI) 7(.)86-9(.)57] compared with a literature estimate of 8(.)6. Conclusions. In the largest and most comprehensive sample yet studied, we confirm the accepted estimates of recurrence risks for schizophrenia, and provide more accurate estimates of recurrence risks of schizophrenia in relatives, an estimate of the familial impact of schizophrenia, and the multiplex proportion (essential for gauging the generalizability of findings from multiplex pedigrees). These data may be valuable for planning and interpreting genetic studies of schizophrenia.
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| 5. |
- Ruderfer, Douglas M., et al.
(author)
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Mosaic copy number variation in schizophrenia
- 2013
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In: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 21:9, s. 1007-1011
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent reports suggest that somatic structural changes occur in the human genome, but how these genomic alterations might contribute to disease is unknown. Using samples collected as part of the International Schizophrenia Consortium (schizophrenia, n = 3518; control, n = 4238) recruited across multiple university research centers, we assessed single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping arrays for evidence of chromosomal anomalies. Data from genotyping arrays on each individual were processed using Birdsuite and analyzed with PLINK. We validated potential chromosomal anomalies using custom nanostring probes and quantitative PCR. We estimate chromosomal alterations in the schizophrenia population to be 0.42%, which is not significantly different from controls (0.26%). We identified and validated a set of four extremely large (>10 Mb) chromosomal anomalies in subjects with schizophrenia, including a chromosome 8 trisomy and deletion of the q arm of chromosome 7. These data demonstrate that chromosomal anomalies are present at low frequency in blood cells of both control and schizophrenia subjects.
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