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- Andersson, Thord, et al.
(författare)
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Consistent intensity inhomogeneity correction in water-fat MRI
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1053-1807 .- 1522-2586. ; 42:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the water-signal performance of the consistent intensity inhomogeneity correction (CIIC) method to correct for intensity inhomogeneitiesMETHODS: Water-fat volumes were acquired using 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3.0T symmetrically sampled 2-point Dixon three-dimensional MRI. Two datasets: (i) 10 muscle tissue regions of interest (ROIs) from 10 subjects acquired with both 1.5T and 3.0T whole-body MRI. (ii) Seven liver tissue ROIs from 36 patients imaged using 1.5T MRI at six time points after Gd-EOB-DTPA injection. The performance of CIIC was evaluated quantitatively by analyzing its impact on the dispersion and bias of the water image ROI intensities, and qualitatively using side-by-side image comparisons.RESULTS: CIIC significantly ( P1.5T≤2.3×10-4,P3.0T≤1.0×10-6) decreased the nonphysiological intensity variance while preserving the average intensity levels. The side-by-side comparisons showed improved intensity consistency ( Pint≤10-6) while not introducing artifacts ( Part=0.024) nor changed appearances ( Papp≤10-6).CONCLUSION: CIIC improves the spatiotemporal intensity consistency in regions of a homogenous tissue type.
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- Dahlqvist Leinhard, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Is Increased Normal White Matter Glutamate Concentration a Precursor of Gliosis and Disease Progression in Multiple Sclerosis?
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The multiple sclerosis (MS) severity scale (MSSS) is a new scoring procedure to clinically characterize the rate of disease progression in MS, rather than the disability of the patient. The latter is often characterized using the expanded disability status score (EDSS). The progress rate of the disease, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measures of ‘black hole lesions’, and atrophy have all been shown to be predicted well by MSSS. In this study we investigated possible relationships between brain metabolite concentrations, measured using proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and MSSS. Purpose: Our aims were to quantitatively investigate the metabolite concentrations in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in MS-patients, and also to investigate possible correlations between disease subtype, EDSS and MSSS and metabolite concentrations. To minimize the interference from lesion contamination in the MRS measurement, a refined novel analysis procedure had to be developed in order to correct for partial volume effects in tissues near plaques. Materials and Methods: Forty eight patients with Clinically Definite MS (CDMS), and 18 normal control subjects (NC) were included retrospectively from several MRS studies. T1, T2, and proton density MRI, and four white matter 1H MRS single voxel PRESS (Point-REsolved SpectroScopy) spectra were acquired in each subject using echo time 35 ms and repetition time 6000 ms on a 1.5 T MR-scanner. A total of 108 examinations were acquired from patients and 18 from NC. Absolutely quantified NAWM metabolite concentrations were determined using a mixed linear model (MLM) analysis that included the degree of T2 lesion contamination in each voxel. The T2 lesion contamination of the MRS voxels was also used as an estimate of ‘lesion load’ at each exam. The corrected metabolite concentrations were then correlated with clinical measures of the patients’ status, including EDSS and MSSS. Results: The axonal marker N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) did not correlate with either EDSS or MSSS. The glial cell markers creatine and myo-inositol correlated positively with EDSS. Creatine and glutamate correlated positively with MSSS. The ‘estimated lesion load’ correlated positively not only with EDSS, but also with the number of bouts since disease onset. Importantly, it did not correlate with MSSS. Conclusion: The most interesting findings were the unchanged concentrations of NAA, and the concomitant increase of creatine and myo-inositol during the course of disease progression in MSpatients. These not only indicated a constant axonal density, but also that a simultaneous development of gliosis occurred. These processes are most likely linked to demyelination, as well as development of white matter atrophy, a process in which the demyelinated volume is replaced by the surrounding tissue leading to a net loss of white matter. As a consequence of this process, axons in NAWM are probably damaged, which leads to a higher concentration of glia cells relative to the axonal volume. The positive correlation that was found between MSSS, and the glutamate and creatine concentrations in NAWM, in combination with a complete lack of correlation between lesion load and MSSS, suggests that altered glutamate metabolism, and subsequent demyelination and gliosis, is an important pathophysiological mechanism in MS.
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- Dahlqvist Leinhard, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of abdominal fat accumulation during hyperalimentation using MRI
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ISMRM Annual Meeting (ISMRM'09), 2009. - Berkeley, CA, USA : International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. ; , s. 206-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an increasing demand for imaging methods that can be used for automatic, accurate and quantitative determination of the amounts of abdominal fat. Such methods are important as they will allow the evaluation of some of the risk factors underlying the ’metabolic syndrome’. The metabolic syndrome is becoming common in large parts of the world, and it appears that a dominant risk factor for developing this syndrome is abdominal obesity. Subjects that are afflicted with the metabolic syndrome are exposed to a high risk for developing a large range of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiac failure, and stroke. The aim of this work
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- Dahlqvist Leinhard, Olof, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying differences in hepatic uptake of the liver specific contrast agents Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA : a pilot study
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 22:3, s. 642-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To develop and evaluate a procedure for quantifying the hepatocyte-specific uptake of Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. Methods Ten healthy volunteers were prospectively recruited and 21 patients with suspected hepatobiliary disease were retrospectively evaluated. All subjects were examined with DCE-MRI using 0.025 mmol/kg of Gd-EOB-DTPA. The healthy volunteers underwent an additional examination using 0.05 mmol/kg of Gd-BOPTA. The signal intensities (SI) of liver and spleen parenchyma were obtained from unenhanced and enhanced acquisitions. Using pharmacokinetic models of the liver and spleen, and an SI rescaling procedure, a hepatic uptake rate, K Hep, estimate was derived. The K Hep values for Gd-EOB-DTPA were then studied in relation to those for Gd-BOPTA and to a clinical classification of the patient’s hepatobiliary dysfunction. Results K Hep estimated using Gd-EOB-DTPA showed a significant Pearson correlation with K Hep estimated using Gd-BOPTA (r = 0.64; P < 0.05) in healthy subjects. Patients with impaired hepatobiliary function had significantly lower K Hep than patients with normal hepatobiliary function (K Hep = 0.09 ± 0.05 min-1 versus K Hep = 0.24 ± 0.10 min−1; P < 0.01). Conclusions A new procedure for quantifying the hepatocyte-specific uptake of T 1-enhancing contrast agent was demonstrated and used to show that impaired hepatobiliary function severely influences the hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA. Key Points • The liver uptake of contrast agents may be measured with standard clinical MRI. • Calculation of liver contrast agent uptake is improved by considering splenic uptake. • Liver function affects the uptake of the liver-specific contrast agent Gd-EOB-DTPA. • Hepatic uptake of two contrast agents (Gd-EOB-DTPA, Gd-BOPTA) is correlated in healthy individuals. • This method can be useful for determining liver function, e.g. before hepatic surgery
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