| 1. |
- Smith, Colin, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing the Water and Biodegradation Resistance of Biopolymer Stabilised Soils – Design Concepts
- 2023
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Ingår i: RILEM Bookseries. - 2211-0844 .- 2211-0852. ; 45, s. 293-302
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global soil stabilisation market is forecast to grow to $35 billion by 2027 driven primarily by infrastructure and construction activities and exacerbated by the increasingly urgent need to adapt to climate change, flood risk and sea-level rise. Additionally there is anticipated to be increasing demand for stabilised-earth based building products due to their low carbon impact. Cement and lime are widely used to stabilise soil but suffer from significant carbon and energy costs. Naturally sourced biopolymers are a promising low carbon ‘green’ substitute, achieving higher strength in stabilised soils than cement and at similar cost. However, widespread uptake of biopolymers is impeded by the fact that they typically suffer from (a) poor water resistance and (b) poor resistance to biodegradation over time. This paper presents an overview of design concepts and pilot results from a research study into novel biopolymer treatment processes which are applied at the soil/biopolymer mixing stage with the aim of enhancing resistance to water and biodegradation. The approaches include investigation of (i) acetylation, whereby vulnerable hydrophilic functional groups in the biopolymers are replaced by natural hydrophobic acetyl groups, (ii) binding vulnerable hydrophilic groups to specific inorganic minerals, thereby blocking interactions with water. The study design includes a comprehensive series of laboratory tests guided by detailed characterisation of the underlying chemical binding processes with the aim of involving the addition of only small volumes of natural materials as part of the treatment process.
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| 2. |
- DeCarolis, Joseph, et al.
(författare)
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Leveraging Open-Source Tools for Collaborative Macro-energy System Modeling Efforts
- 2020
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Ingår i: Joule. - : Elsevier BV. - 2542-4351. ; 4:12, s. 2523-2526
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The authors are founding team members of a new effort to develop an Open Energy Outlook for the United States. The effort aims to apply best practices of policy-focused energy system modeling, ensure transparency, build a networked community, and work toward a common purpose: examining possible US energy system futures to inform energy and climate policy efforts. Individual author biographies can be found on the project website: https://openenergyoutlook.org/. DeCarolis et al. articulate the benefits of forming collaborative teams with a wide array of disciplinary and domain expertise to conduct analysis with macro-energy system models. Open-source models, tools, and datasets underpin such efforts by enabling transparency, accessibility, and replicability among team members and with the broader modeling community.
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| 3. |
- Biendicho, Jordi Jacas, et al.
(författare)
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New Opportunities for Air Cathode Batteries; in-Situ Neutron Diffraction Measurements
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in energy research. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-598X. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Batteries with air electrodes are gaining interest as Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) for Electrical Vehicles (EVs) because of their high specific energy density. The electrochemical performance of these batteries is limited by the metallic electrode, which suffers structural transformations and corrosion during cycling that reduces the cycle life of the battery. In this context, relevant information on the discharge products may be obtained by in-situ neutron diffraction, a suitable technique to study electrodes that contain light elements or near neighbor elements in the periodic table. Case studies of MH-air and Fe-air batteries are highlighted.
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