| 1. |
- Isaksson, Helena, 1978-
(författare)
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Clinical studies of RNA as a prognostic and diagnostic marker for disease
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Technologies for RNA detection are evolving rapidly and gives an op-portunity for discovery of new markers for early detection of complex diseases. Today in clinical work we rely on signs and symptoms in com-bination with the measurement of protein levels for diagnosis. The quick turnaround time of mRNA synthesis may provide an earlier diagnostic signal than protein-based biomarkers assays, in acute dramatic condi-tions such as acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI), for early detection of cancer, as prognostic tool in cancer treatment and as an aid in difficult diagnosis of unknown origin.The main goals of this thesis was to apply a whole genome approach to study different complex diseases to evaluate the applicability of RNA as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for disease, preferably from an easily accessible source such as peripheral blood. This was investigated in an animal model with induced AMI, a cohort of ovarian cancer patients and in a single-patient study of a girl with a severe inflammatory syn-drome.Through this thesis we have gained insight into how gene expression is regulated in ischemic intestinal tissue.We found that a peripheral blood test can distinguish between ovarian cancer patients with or without residual tumour mass after surgery with the help of expression analysis of six genes. We also found that gene expressions of three genes can predict overall survival in peripheral whole blood from ovarian cancer patients. And that gene expression profiles indeed can significantly distinguish between two groups of high and low risk ovarian cancer. In the single-patient study, we tried but failed to device a successful treatment before it was too late. Neverthe-less, the things we learned and the case studies that were published may serve as a diagnostic tool for clinicians facing similar syndromes.
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| 2. |
- Lillsunde Larsson, Gabriella, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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HPV16 viral characteristics in primary, recurrent and metastatic vulvar carcinoma
- 2018
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Ingår i: Papillomavirus research. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8521. ; 6, s. 63-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vulvar carcinoma is the fourth most common gynecological malignancy. Two separate carcinogenic pathways are suggested, where one is associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV16 the most common genotype.The aim of this study was to evaluate HPV-markers in a set of primary tumors, metastases and recurrent lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC). Ten HPV16-positive VSCC with metastatic regional lymph nodes, distant lymphoid/hematogenous metastases or local recurrent lesions were investigated for HPV genotype, HPV16 variant, HPV16 viral load, HPV16 integration and HPV16 E2BS3 and 4 methylation.In all 10 analyzed case series, the same HPV genotype (HPV16), HPV16 variant and level of viral load were detected in all lesions within a patient case. Primary tumors with a high E2/E6 ratio were found to have fewer vulvar recurrences and/or metastases after diagnosis and treatment. Also, a significantly lower viral load was evident in regional lymph nodes compared to primary tumors.The data presented strengthens the evidence for a clonal HPV-induced pathway for vulvar carcinoma.
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| 3. |
- Lillsunde-Larsson, Gabriella, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Viral Load, Integration and Methylation of E2BS3 and 4 in Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16-Positive Vaginal and Vulvar Carcinomas
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 9:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate if viral load, integration and methylation of E2BS3 and 4 represent different ways of tumor transformation in vaginal and vulvar carcinoma and to elucidate its clinical impact.Methods: Fifty-seven samples, positive for HPV16, were selected for the study. Detection of viral load was made with realtime-PCR using copy numbers of E6 and integration was calculated from comparing E2 to E6-copies. Methylation of E2BS3 and 4 was analysed using bisulphite treatment of tumor DNA, followed by PCR and pyrosequencing.Results: Vaginal tumors were found to have a higher viral load (p=0.024) compared to vulvar tumors but a high copy number (> median value, 15 000) as well as high methylation (> 50%) was significantly (p=0.010 and p=0.045) associated with a worse cancer-specific survival rate in vulvar carcinoma, but not in vaginal carcinoma. Four groups could be defined for the complete series using a Cluster Two step analysis; (1) tumors holding episomal viral DNA, viral load below 150 000 copies not highly methylated (n=25, 46.3%); (2) tumors harboring episomal viral DNA and being highly methylated (>50%; n=6, 11.1%); (3) tumors with viral DNA fully integrated (n=11, 20.4%), and (4) tumors harboring episomal viral DNA and being medium-or unmethylated (< 50%) and having a high viral load (> total mean value 150 000; n=12, 22.2%). The completely integrated tumors were found to be distinct group, whilst some overlap between the groups with high methylation and high viral load was observed.Conclusion: HPV16-related integration, methylation in E2BS3 and 4 and viral load may represent different viral characteristics driving vaginal and vulvar carcinogenesis. HPV16-related parameters were found to be of clinical importance in the vulvar series only.
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| 4. |
- Qvick, Alvida, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Does p53 codon 72 polymorphism have a prognostic value in carcinoma of the vulva and vagina?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Medical Oncology. - Heidelberg, Germany : Springer. - 1357-0560 .- 1559-131X. ; 34:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human papilloma virus (HPV) is considered to be responsible for a large part of vaginal and vulvar carcinomas, and the p53 codon 72 polymorphism has been implicated in susceptibility to cancer induced by this virus, but with contradicting results. In this study, we have investigated the prognostic value of the codon 72 polymorphism by real-time PCR (qPCR) in two cohorts of vaginal (n = 66) and vulvar (n = 123) carcinomas. In vaginal carcinoma, arginine homozygous patients were significantly associated with a higher primary cure rate (p = 0.023) but also associated with a higher recurrence rate (p = 0.073), significant at distant locations (p = 0.009). No significant differences were found in overall survival rate (p = 0.499) or cancer-specific survival rate (p = 0.222). A higher frequency of arginine homozygosity was noted in HPV-positive tumors (p = 0.190) in comparison with HPV-negative tumors. In vulvar carcinoma, the genotype homozygous for arginine was significantly associated with a larger tumor size at diagnosis in the entire cohort (p = 0.015) and a lower cancer-specific survival rate (p = 0.024) compared with heterozygous (arginine/proline) in HPV-negative tumors. Our results indicate that the relation between HPV and the p53 codon 72 polymorphism is complex and the significance and mechanisms responsible for this relationship need to be further elucidated.
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