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- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Bright waters, dark moods – explaining regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. ; 12:Suppl 1
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social insurance costs have increased dramatically in Sweden and are now higher than the total costs for all health care in the country. Aim The aim of this study was to describe the regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders over the last 20 years and to analyse these differences in relation to the socio demographic distribution of the population in different regions. Method The study was performed as an ecological study comparing the rates of early retirement in Sweden, in the city of Göteborg and the county of Bohuslän, both located on the Swedish west coast. The study population was all sickness insured individuals aged 16–64 years. Data on early retirement was collected from the National Social Insurance register. Population data was collected from Statistics Sweden. Diagnoses were classified according to ICD. Longitudinal data covering the last 20 years was used. Results We found that the regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders were consistent over the studied years. In 1980 the proportion of early retirement with psychiatric disorders was 25% of all early retirements in the city of Göteborg to be compared with 17% in the county of Bohuslän and 15% in Sweden overall. This proportion changed over the years and was in 1998 37% in Göteborg, 25% in Bohuslän and 24% in Sweden. These data also show the large increase of early retirement with psychiatric disorders in relation to other diagnostic groups. Standard mortality ratio 1993 with Sweden as reference was 1.14 in Bohuslän and 2.55 in Göteborg. Corresponding figures for women were 1.30 and 2.29. Conclusion Regional differences remained after controlling for age and sex distribution of the population. From a preliminarily analysis it appears as the high rate in Göteborg cannot be explained as an effect of urbanity. More knowledge is needed to understand why regional differences exist.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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High incidence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis in western Sweden. A population-based study from 1980 to 1998
- 2006
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Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:4, s. 343-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional differences in Sweden in the prevalence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis are unexplained, in spite of the significant impact on the population's health, rehabilitation systems, and the health care system. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of disability pensions with a psychiatric diagnosis and to analyze the impact of age and gender. We examined the incidencerates in one urban and one semi-rural region and compared these to national rates. The study sample was drawn from employed persons between 16-64 years of age who, because of their sickness insurance coverage, would be eligible to access disability pensions should it be necessary. Analysis of annual incidences and standardized morbidity ratios were made for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 1998. Data ondisability pension cases were collected from the National Social Insurance registers. In the urban region we found that the proportion of men and women clearly outnumbered the national average: approximately twice the number of persons between 16-64 years of age with apsychiatric diagnosis were receiving a disability pension. In the semi-rural region there were fewer men overall on disability pensionswith psychiatric disorders, but in 1980, 1985, and 1995 women clearly outnumbered men. Access to psychiatric care, unemployment, alcohol dependence, and previous sickness absence are suggested as possible factors that might affect the rates of disability pension in different geographical settings. © 2006 IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Blanck, Per, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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"We do what we think is the best" - a content analysis of experiences of alcohol problem prevention in sweden. A short report.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Substance use & misuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6084 .- 1532-2491. ; 42:12, s. 2073-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This short report describes an ongoing project whose aim was to explore how respondents from local institutions in a Swedish municipality describe their efforts in preventing alcohol consumption and related problems. Data were collected in focus group interviews, conducted during 2003 with key informants, comprising middle-ranking civil servants from different administrative sectors such as school, social welfare, and the public health office, in four Swedish municipalities: one city district, one town, and two small municipalities. We identified low knowledge of evidence-based methods for prevention of alcohol consumption-related problems and a lack of consistent focus on strategies known to be effective. The main target group for preventive efforts was identified as young people and the most common setting mentioned was the schools. Further, the key informants appeared to regard a wide range of activities as being community* alcohol and drug use prevention. Generally these activities also lacked specification. Increased knowledge of alcohol and drug use prevention methods that are effective at the local level is needed within Swedish municipalities, as is greater understanding of how to implement those methods.
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| 4. |
- Geirsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Does gender matter? A vignette study of general practitioners' management skills in handling patients with alcohol-related problems.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3502 .- 0735-0414. ; 44:6, s. 620-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The aims of this study were to analyse the perceptions of female and male primary care physicians (PCPs) of alcohol problems in male and female patients, their recommendations to reduce or abstain from alcohol, their referrals to treatment and their views of safe levels of drinking for male and female patients. These factors were related to the physicians' own alcohol consumption. METHODS: A slightly adjusted version of the WHO Collaborative Study Questionnaire for General Practitioners was posted to all PCPs (n = 132) in the district of Skaraborg, Sweden, of whom 68 PCPs responded. In the questionnaire, the PCPs' perceptions of two patient vignettes were analysed. RESULTS: Both the gender of the patients in the vignettes and of the PCPs influenced the advice and the referrals that the patients received: 83% of male excessive drinkers and 47% of female excessive drinkers were recommended to cut down on drinking. In 50% of cases, the male excessive drinker was not referred, compared with 25% for the female excessive drinker. This was statistically significant only for excessive drinkers. The odds ratio for referral to any treatment was 0.33 (CI = 0.12-0.93) for the male excessive drinker compared with the female excessive drinker. The male PCP referred the excessive drinker less often to any treatment than did the female PCP, odds ratio 0.26 (CI = 0.08-0.90). The upper limit of alcohol consumption before the PCPs would advise the patient to cut down was significantly higher for PCPs with the AUDIT-C score >or= 3. The limit was 146 g/week for male patients and 103 g/week for female patients. Corresponding figures for PCP with the AUDIT-C score
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| 9. |
- Jakobsson, Annika, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Developing a willingness to change: treatment-seeking processes for people with alcohol problems.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Alcohol Alcohol. ; Mar-Apr;40:2, s. 118-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The study explores treatment-seeking processes in men and women with alcohol problems, focusing on promoting and hindering factors. METHODS: Open interviews were held with five women and seven men within a month of their first voluntary treatment for alcohol problems. The interview protocols were analysed consecutively in accordance with grounded theory methodology. RESULTS: Developing a willingness to change was found to be the basic psychosocial process that lead to treatment-seeking. Categories that constituted sub-processes and supported willingness to change were: (i) actuating inner forces; (ii) dealing with conflicting feelings and thoughts; and (iii) hoping to turn the situation around. These processes were continuously assisted by demanding and caring support from partners, friends or professionals. CONCLUSIONS: The processes that precede treatment-seeking were highly complex, and both internal and external factors promoted and hindered treatment entry. The social significance of alcohol and the grief related to thoughts of abstaining were the most striking hindering factors. Such feelings need to be considered when motivating people to seek treatment for alcohol problems.
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| 10. |
- Jakobsson, Annika, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Possibilities and Hindrances for Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence: Perceptions Among Professionals and Decision Makers in a Swedish Medium-Sized Town.
- 2013
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Ingår i: International journal of behavioral medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-7558 .- 1070-5503. ; 20:3, s. 337-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health problem, but few evidence-based prevention programs have yet been implemented. PURPOSE: This study explored the perceptions and beliefs of local-level decision makers, social and health-care professionals, and representatives from the police force regarding the possibilities and hindrances for prevention of IPV. METHOD: An explorative qualitative approach was used, and participants were strategically selected for focus group discussions. The participants, 19 men and 23 women, were professionals or decision makers within health-care services, social welfare, municipal administration, the police force, local industry, and local politicians in a Swedish town of 54,000 inhabitants. The focus group discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed. A manifest content analysis was performed on the text. RESULTS: Preschools, schools, sports associations, workplaces, and the mass media were suggested as possible arenas for prevention measures. The proposed activities included norm building and improved social support structures. Hindrances were conceptualized as societal beliefs and attitudes, shame, silence, gender inequality, the counteracting influence of the media, and lack of resources. The participants demonstrated closeness and distance to IPV, expressed as acceptance or referral of responsibility to others regarding where and by whom prevention measures should be executed. CONCLUSION: This study gave new insights in the prevailing perceptions of professionals and decision makers of a medium-sized Swedish town, which can be a useful knowledge in future preventive work and contribute to bridge the gap between research and practice.
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