| 1. |
- Habibipour, Abdolrasoul, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Social, Ethical and Ecological Issues in Wearable Technologies
- 2019
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Ingår i: AMCIS 2019 Proceedings. - : Association for Information Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) has given rise to a plethora of wearable devices integrated into daily life, however achieving end-user’s long-term adoption is still an issue. The purpose of this paper is to investigate social, ethical and ecological issues related to wearable technologies from end-users’ perspectives. We undertook a systematic literature review as well as two rounds of interviews with domain experts as well as end-users of IoT wearable devices to find relevant issues related to social, ethical and ecological. After synthesizing the results, eighteen issues found to be relevant to the wearable technologies. These issues have important implications for reducing the negative barriers that challenge the adoption of wearable technologies. The originality of this study lies with its non-technological focus that provides insights into issues that are rooted into individuals’ concerns.
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| 2. |
- Padyab, Ali
(författare)
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Exploring Impacts of Secondary Information Use on Individual Privacy
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information collected from individuals via online social networks and Internet of things devices can be used by institutions and service providers for different business purposes to tailor and customize their services, which is defined as secondary use of information. Although the literature on secondary use is well developed, prior studies have largely focused on direct use of information such as those instances of information use that do not stem from data mining. Advances in data mining and information-processing techniques facilitate discovery of customers’ and users’ behaviors and needs. Research shows that individuals’ behavior can be inferred with high accuracy from their shared information, which may in turn jeopardize privacy. A recent scandal of Cambridge Analytica using about 87 million Facebook profiles to target those users with customized micro-targeted political ads has created public outrage and raised criticisms of secondary use. Given this background, the purpose of this thesis is to explore impacts of organizations’ and service providers’ secondary use of personal information in order to draw conclusions related to how individuals’ attitudes are formed and what role secondary use plays in managing privacy.This research investigates user awareness and attitudes towards potential secondary uses of information. To pursue this, a multi-method qualitative approach using a descriptive questionnaire with 1000 European citizens and a total of 10 focus groups with 43 participants was employed. A qualitative content analysis using both inductive and deductive approaches was conducted to analyze the results. The conceptual framework employed in this thesis was genres of disclosure.The research results suggest that user awareness of the potential for indirect personal information disclosure was relatively low. It was consequently found that participant attitudes toward privacy and disclosure shifted from affective to cognitive when they experienced firsthand the potential inferences that could be made from their own data. Generally, the participant users only considered their direct disclosure of information; through observing potential indirect inferences about their own shared contents and information, however, the participants became more aware of potential infringements on their privacy.The study contributes to information privacy and information systems literature by raising understanding of the impacts of secondary use, in particular its effects on individual privacy management. In addition, this thesis suggests that information privacy is affected differently by direct and indirect uses. Its contribution to information privacy research is to complement previous methodological approaches by suggesting that if users are made aware of indirect inferences that can be made from their content, negative affective responses decrease while cognitive reactions increase through the processing of information related to their disclosure genres. The reason is that indirect use of information inhibits the negotiation of information privacy boundaries and creating unresolved tensions within those boundaries. Cognitive awareness of inferences made to individual information significantly affects the privacy decision-making process. The implication is that there is a need for more dynamic privacy awareness mechanisms that can empower users by providing them with increased awareness of the indirect information they are sharing.
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| 3. |
- Padyab, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the dimensions of individual privacy concerns in relation to the Internet of Things use situations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2398-5038. ; 20:6, s. 528-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The integration of internet of things (IoT) devices into daily life introduces challenges for the privacy of their users and those who are affected by these devices. This paper explores the factors that affect individual concerns regarding IoT use and how those factors affect the dynamics of privacy management with the presence of an IoT device. Design/methodology/approach: Four focus groups of individuals and IoT experts were studied to understand the groups? privacy concerns. The authors adopted a qualitative research method based on grounded theory to find relevant dimensions of situational privacy concerns in IoT use situations. Findings: The results revealed that fourteen dimensions of individuals? privacy concerns regarding the IoT are relevant and can be categorized under four key influential factors: collection, IoT device, collected data storage and use of collected data. The authors also analyzed the focus groups using genres of disclosure theory and explored how privacy concerns affect individual privacy management regulations. Research limitations/implications: This paper contributes to how future research can employ genres of disclosure as a theoretical framework to identify situations where privacy violations occur. Practical implications: This study can assist service providers and IoT manufacturers in deriving design principles and decreasing concerns by addressing the information that must be communicated to their users. Originality/value: As opposed to the previous research, which was more inclined to dispositional privacy concerns, this study provides insights into situational privacy concerns when individuals are confronted with the IoT. This study represents the first attempt to investigate the process individuals experience in managing their privacy.
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| 4. |
- Padyab, Ali Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Adoption Barriers of IoT in Large Scale Pilots
- 2020
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Ingår i: Information. - : MDPI. - 2078-2489. ; 11:23, s. 1-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pervasive connectivity of devices enabled by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies is leading the way in various innovative services and applications. This increasing connectivity comes with its own complexity. Thus, large scale pilots (LSPs) are designed to develop, test and use IoT innovations in various domains in conditions very similar to their operational scalable setting. One of the key challenges facing the diffusion of such innovations within the course of an LSP is understanding the conditions in which their respective users decide to adopt them (or not). Accordingly, in this study we explore IoT adoption barriers in four LSPs in Europe from the following domains: smart cities, autonomous driving, wearables and smart agriculture and farming. By applying Roger’s Diffusion of Innovation as a theoretical lens and using empirical data from workshops and expert interviews, we identify a set of common and domain specific adoption barriers. Our results reveal that trust, cost, perceived value, privacy and security are common concerns, yet shape differently across domains. In order to overcome various barriers, the relative advantage or value of using the innovation needs to be clearly communicated and related to the users’ situational use; while this value can be economic in some domains, it is more hedonic in others. LSPs were particularly challenged in applying established strategies to overcome some of those barriers (e.g., co-creation with end-users) due to the immaturity of the technology as well as the scale of pilots. Accordingly, we reflect on the theoretical choice in the discussion as well as the implications of this study on research and practice. We conclude with providing practical recommendations to LSPs and avenues for future research
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| 5. |
- Padyab, Ali Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Awareness of Indirect Information Disclosure on Social Network Sites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Social Media + Society. - : Sage Publications. - 2056-3051. ; 5:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigates user awareness and attitudes toward potential inferences of information posted on social network sites (SNSs). The study reports how user attitudes change after exposure to inferences made based upon information they have disclosed on an SNS, namely, on Facebook. To demonstrate this, two sub-studies involving three focus group sessions were conducted with Facebook users. In the first sub-study, the users received a general introduction to information that can be inferred from posts by using a prototypical privacy-enhancement tool called DataBait. Then, the second sub-study allowed the users to witness the potential inferences of their own Facebook photos and posts by using the DataBait tool. Next, qualitative content analysis was conducted to analyze the results, and these showed that the participants’ attitudes toward privacy on SNSs changed from affective to cognitive when they became aware of potential inferences from actual information posted on their own Facebook accounts. The results imply that end users require more cognitive awareness regarding their genres of disclosure and the effect of their disclosures on their privacy. Moreover, as privacy awareness is contextual, there is a need for more research and development of online tools that will allow users to manage and educate themselves.
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