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- Stålhammar, Jacob, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Boston Naming Test automatic credits inflate scores of nonaphasic mild dementia patients
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1380-3395 .- 1744-411X. ; 38:4, s. 381-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Boston Naming Test (BNT), a 60-item test of confrontation naming, may be administered either from Item 1 or Item 30, depending on assumptions of performance. If the BNT is administered from Item 30, 29 automatic credits are given for preceding items, allowing identical norms for either administration. We aimed to compare effects of automatic credits. Method: We compared effects of automatic credits in the Gothenburg Mild Cognitive Impairment Study, first between normal controls (n = 23) and patients (n = 259), and then between the same patients grouped by stage of impairment: subjective cognitive impairment (SCI, n = 75), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 117), or mild dementia (n = 67). Results: Automatic credits added to all groups. Both administrations from Item 1 and those from Item 30 discriminated between controls (n = 23) and all patients (n = 259), as well as between the above stages of impairment. However, neither administration discriminated between normal controls and SCI patients. When earned scores were compared, with scores counted from Item 30 plus 29 automatic credits, mild dementia patients on average received a 3.4-credit boost. This equals 82% of the standard deviation of Tallberg's Swedish norms [Brain and Language, 94(1), 19-31 (2005)] or 117% of our normal controls' standard deviation. Conclusions: In our homogenous material, administration of BNT from Item 30 distinguished between stages of deterioration as well as administration from Item 1. In line with recent literature, we also find BNT results skewed. Thus, for clinical accuracy, we recommend use of cumulative percentages, careful consideration of education and demographic factors, and, most importantly, never to mix forms of administrations with and without automatic credits. While BNT automatic credits diminish accuracy on all levels, they inflate scores significantly for nonaphasic mild dementia patients.
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| 2. |
- Stålhammar, Jacob, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Neuropsychological Test Performance Among Native and Non-Native Swedes: Second Language Effects. : Neuropsykologisk testprestation hos infödda och icke infödda svensktalande: andraspråkseffekter
- 2022
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Ingår i: Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-5843. ; 37:4, s. 826-838
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to study second language effects on neuropsychological (NP) test performance.We administered an NP test battery in Swedish to 322 healthy community dwelling participants, recruited through the Gothenburg Pilot phase of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS Pilot). All participants were conversationally fluent Swedish speakers (237 native, 85 non-native, mean age 61.1 years). We compared the NP scores of native and non-native participants. We also investigated the influence of (a) age of arrival to Sweden, (b) majority language family of the birth country, and (c) proficiency in Swedish as assessed with a 30 item Boston naming test (BNT).Native speakers obtained better results on all NP tasks with a verbal component, whereas no significant differences were seen on completely nonverbal tasks (Rey complex figure). For non-native speakers, lower age at arrival to Sweden, arrival from a country where Swedish was also spoken, or arrival from a country with a majority language closer to Swedish, were all linked to better NP scores. Dichotomizing by BNT showed that normally-to-highly proficient non-native speakers obtained better scores.Second language effects may contribute to misclassification of non-native speakers. Assumptions of fluency based on short conversations may be misleading. A proficiency assessment with BNT may improve NP score interpretation among non-native speakers.
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