| 1. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Blood pressure increase and incidence of hypertension in relation to inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - 1524-4636. ; 22:12, s. 2054-2058
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective— The reasons for the relationship between inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) and incidence of cardiovascular diseases are poorly understood. This study explored the hypothesis that ISPs are associated with future hypertension and age-related blood pressure increase. Method and Results— Blood pressure and plasma levels of fibrinogen, {alpha}1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and orosomucoid were determined in 2262 healthy men aged 35 to 50 years, initially without treatment for hypertension. The cohort was re-examined after 15.7 (±2.2) years. Incidence of hypertension and blood pressure increase was studied in relation to number of elevated proteins (ie, in the top quartile) at baseline. Among men without treatment for hypertension at follow-up, mean (±SD) increase in systolic blood pressure was 18.8±17, 19.2±17, 19.3±17, and 22.1±18 mm Hg, respectively, for men with 0, 1, 2, and >=3 elevated proteins (P for trend=0.02, adjusted for confounders). The corresponding values for pulse pressure increase was 15.5±14, 15.8±14, 17.4±14, and 17.8±15 mm Hg, respectively (P=0.02). Incidence of hypertension (>=160/95 mm Hg or treatment) and future blood pressure treatment showed similar associations with ISPs. Increase in diastolic blood pressure showed no association with ISPs. Conclusions— Plasma levels of ISPs are associated with a future increase in blood pressure. This could contribute to the relationship between ISP levels and cardiovascular disease.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins and incidence of myocardial infarction in men with low cardiovascular risk.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - 1524-4636. ; 23:12, s. 2247-2251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective— Myocardial infarction (MI) is sometimes experienced by individuals without any traditional risk factor. This prospective study explored whether incidence of MI in nonsmoking, nondiabetic men with normal blood pressure and serum lipids is related to inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs). Methods and Results— Five ISPs ({alpha}1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, orosomucoid) were analyzed in 6075 men, 47±3.6 years old. A low-risk group (no traditional risk factor, n=1108) and a high-risk group (>=2 major risk factors, n=1011) were defined. Incidence of MI (n=227) was monitored over 18.1±4.3 years of follow-up. In the low-risk group, the age-adjusted relative risks (RRs) were 1.00 (reference), 1.9 (95% CI, 0.8 to 4.2), 1.8 (95% CI, 0.6 to 5.4), and 2.9 (95% CI, 1.05 to 8.1), respectively, for men with 0, 1, 2 and >=3 ISPs in the top quartile (trend: P=0.03). In this group, the increased risk was observed only after >=10 years of follow-up. In the high-risk group, the age-adjusted RRs were 1.00, 1.4 (95% CI, 0.9 to 2.2), 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2 to 3.1), and 2.0 (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.1), respectively, for men with 0, 1, 2, and >=3 ISPs in the top quartile (trend: P=0.0004). Conclusion— Incidence of MI in nonsmoking, nondiabetic men with normal blood pressure and lipids was related to ISPs. The causes for this relationship remain to be explored.
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| 4. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins are associated with future weight gain.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 52:8, s. 2097-2101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cross-sectional studies have associated obesity and other components of the so-called metabolic syndrome with low-grade inflammation. The temporal and causal relations of this association have not been fully explored. This study explored whether elevated levels of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) (fibrinogen, orosomucoid, {alpha}1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin) are associated with future weight gain. Five ISPs were measured in 2,821 nondiabetic healthy men (38–50 years of age) who were reexamined after a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. Future weight gain was studied in relation to the number of elevated ISPs (i.e., in the top quartile). The proportion with a large weight gain (75th percentile >=3.8 kg) was 21.0, 25.9, 26.8, and 28.3%, respectively, among men with none, one, two, and three or more ISPs in the top quartile (P for trend 0.0005). This relation remained significant after adjustments for weight at baseline, follow-up time, height (at baseline and follow-up), physical inactivity (at baseline and follow-up), smoking (at baseline and follow-up), high alcohol consumption, and insulin resistance. The relations were largely similar for all individual ISPs. Elevated ISP levels predict a large weight gain in middle-aged men. This relation could contribute to the relation between inflammation, the metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Several cross-sectional studies have reported positive correlations between body fatness and inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) and other inflammatory markers (1–4). Weight reduction in obese subjects has been associated with reduced inflammation (5–7). It has been proposed that proinflammatory cytokines formed in the adipose tissue, e.g., interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}), increase the hepatic synthesis of ISPs (4,8–10). However, the temporal and causal relations between obesity and elevated ISPs are incompletely understood. Even though inflammation is mainly considered an effect of obesity or weight increase, it also has been suggested that there could be a reverse relation, i.e., that inflammation could promote weight gain (11). A 3-year follow-up of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study reported that a large weight gain was more common in subjects with elevated fibrinogen, white blood cells, von Willebrand factor, or factor VIII, i.e., four putative markers of inflammation (12). The Malmö Preventive Study cohort includes ~6,000 men with data on five ISPs (fibrinogen, haptoglobin, {alpha}1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, and ceruloplasmin). Previous studies from this cohort have shown cross-sectional relations between ISP levels and BMI, blood pressure, and insulin resistance (1,13,14). Follow-up studies have shown that these proteins are associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and an increased incidence of high blood pressure (15,16). The present study sought to explore whether these proteins predicted weight gain over a mean follow-up of 6 years.
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| 5. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins, diabetes, and mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke: a population-based study.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 52:2, s. 442-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the relationship of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) with the prevalence of diabetes and the interrelationships between ISPs and diabetes in the prediction of death and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke. Plasma levels of fibrinogen, α1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and orosomucoid were assessed in 6,050 men, aged 28–61 years. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke were monitored over 18.7 ± 3.7 years. Prevalence of diabetes (n = 321) was significantly associated with ISP levels among overweight and obese men but not among men with BMI <25 kg/m2. The association was similar for insulin resistance according to homeostasis model assessment. High ISP levels (two or more ISPs in the top quartile) increased the cardiovascular risk among diabetic men. The risk factor-adjusted relative risks for cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke were 2.8 (CI 1.8–4.5), 2.2 (1.5–3.2), and 2.5 (1.4–4.6), respectively, for diabetic men with high ISP levels (reference: nondiabetic men with low ISP levels). The corresponding risks for diabetic men with low ISP levels were 1.8 (1.1–3.0), 1.3 (0.8–2.1), and 1.2 (0.6–2.5), respectively. In conclusion, in this population-based cohort, diabetes was associated with increased ISP levels among overweight and obese men but not among men with normal weight. High ISP levels increased the cardiovascular risk similarly in diabetic as compared with nondiabetic men.
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| 6. |
- Lind, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of myocardial infarction and death in relation to walking-induced calf pain and plasma levels of inflammation-sensitive proteins.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Angiology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0003-3197 .- 1940-1574. ; 56:5, s. 507-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Walking-induced calf pain as well as levels of different inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) are related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This prospective cohort study explored the relationship between ISPs and walking-related calf pain and the interrelationships between ISPs and calf pain in the prediction of death and incidence of coronary events (CE). In 5,725 apparently healthy men, 46 ±3.0 years old, plasma concentrations of orosomucoid (a1-acid glycoprotein), a1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin were measured. Walking-induced calf pain was assessed by questionnaire. Mortality and incidence of CE were monitored over a mean follow-up of 18 years in subjects defined by the presence of calf pain and ISP level (0 to 1 or 2 to 5 ISP(s) in the top quartile). The prevalence of calf pain (7.3%) was significantly related to age, lifestyle, and traditional risk factors of CVD and ISP levels. The risk factor-adjusted relative risks for CE, CVD- and all-cause mortality were 1.89 (CI: 1.27 to 2.82), 2.90 (CI: 1.82 to 4.62), and 2.67 (CI: 1.97 to 3.57), respectively, for men with calf pain and high ISP levels (reference: no calf pain and low ISP levels). The corresponding risk for those with calf pain and low ISP levels were 1.34 (CI: 0.91 to 1.97), 1.47 (CI: 0.90 to 2.41), and 1.31 (CI: 0.95 to 1.81), respectively. These results indicate, on the one hand, that walking-induced calf pain is associated with high ISP levels and, on the other, that the risk of CVD in men with calf pain is substantially higher in those with high ISP levels than in those with low levels.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lind, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of myocardial infarction in relation to plasma levels of homocysteine and inflammation-sensitive proteins: a long-term nested case-control study.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Angiology. - 0003-3197. ; 54:4, s. 401-410
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies have found that the homocysteine plasma level is associated with cardiovascular disease. The authors previously described a relationship between concentrations of fibrinogen and other inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins, namely, alpha1-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and orosomucoid (alpha1-acid glucoprotein) and the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). Whether levels of these proteins are related to homocysteine has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a supposed relationship between homocysteine in plasma and the occurrence of MI is modified by these inflammation-sensitive proteins. A nested case-control study was designed, comprising 241 cases of MI, with a mean age of 48 years at baseline, and 241 controls matched for age, month of examination, and duration of follow-up. The mean homocysteine concentration did not differ between cases and controls and there was no association between the baseline homocysteine level and the time lapse before the occurrence of the MI. For the cases, there was no correlation between homocysteine and any of the measured proteins, but for the controls, homocysteine was weakly but significantly negatively correlated to haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin and slightly positively correlated to albumin. For the separated groups of cases and controls there was no association between the number of inflammation-sensitive proteins in the top quartiles and homocysteine concentration. In this population-based, prospective cohort study the occurrence of MI had no relationship to homocysteine baseline plasma level. Furthermore, there was no strong association between homocysteine and the concentrations of any of these inflammation-sensitive proteins.
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| 9. |
- Saetrum Opgaard, Ole, et al.
(författare)
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Endocardial expression and functional characterization of endothelin-1
- 2001
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. - 0300-8177. ; 224:1-2, s. 151-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a 21 amino acid peptide exerts a wide range of biological activities including vasoconstriction, mitogenesis and inotropic effects on the heart. In this study, we examined whether endocardial endothelial cells express ET-1 and evaluated its functional properties. Using immunofluorescence localization method, we demonstrated cytoplasmic staining of ET-1 in the human endocardial endothelial cells from the right atrium and left ventricle. Employing reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) expression of ET-1 mRNA and its receptors ET(A) and ET(B) mRNAs were found in human myocardial as well as in endocardial endothelial cells. Biological activity of endocardial endothelial cells derived ET-1 was established as the conditioned media obtained from cultured porcine endocardial endothelial cells induced a slowly developing, strong and long-lasting contraction of circular rat aortic segments, with similar characteristics to that obtained with exogenous ET-1. Furthermore, the selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist, FR 139317, blocked the conditioned media induced contractions. Our results suggest that endocardial endothelial cells express and release biologically active ET-1 which could play a pivotal role in the regulation of myocardial contractility as well as a circulatory peptide may further act in other peripheral target organs.
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| 10. |
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