| 1. |
- Köhlin, Gunnar, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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The SDG 8 Dilemma: How the School of Business, Economics and Law at University of Gothenburg is taking action on this front
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Focus: the E F M D business magazine. - 1784-2344. ; 16:2, s. 78-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SDG 8 concerns a core controversy of sustainable development – the link between environment and economy. The School of Business, Economics and Law (SBEL) has a key role in the university’s assignment as leader of SGD 8 in the International Association of Universities’ global cluster on Higher Education and Research for Sustainable Development. The ambition is to engage and support a global community of researchers and to mobilize academic work and policy interaction in support of sustainable economic growth with good conditions for employees. In practice, it means transdisciplinary, applied action research and policy interaction that focus on solutions to growth and work related challenges, through collaboration among researchers and practitioners in local and global contexts. The work is done in cooperation with other faculties. Importantly, there is also collaboration with seven universities in the Global South, facilitated by the research network Environment for Development and its global hub, located at SBEL, At present, a good number of SBEL scholars are engaged in compiling and writing systematic literature reviews on SDG 8 themes. Drafts have been presented and discussed at workshops and conferences. In a second step, targets and indicators of SDG 8 will be critically scrutinized in order to reveal inherent biases, contradictions and links to other SDGs. In the third step, researchers and policy makers will be engaged in dialogue and following-up on selected indicators for inclusion in Voluntary National Reviews to the UN High Level Political Forum. This assigned engagement with SDG 8 started in 2019 and has, in many respects, successfully worked out this far. There are, however, also challenges and obstacles that merit reflections, eg. related to administrative structures as well as interest and capabilities among staff when it comes to interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary cooperation.
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| 2. |
- Asah, Stanley T, et al.
(författare)
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Value exclusion in social–scientific approaches for assessing and valuing ecosystem features: Implications for behavioral compliance
- 2023
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Ingår i: BioScience. - 0006-3568. ; 73:9, s. 663 - 670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Value inclusion is critical for effective ecosystem science policy and largely emerged from critiques of the value-exclusionary attributes of ecological and economic approaches to value assessments and valuations. But whether and how value is excluded during social–scientific approaches to the assessments and valuations of ecosystem features has not received adequate attention. We identify and discuss instances of when and how value is excluded during social–scientific approaches to the assessments and valuations of ecosystem features to which people ascribe value. We illustrate the implications of value exclusion on social compliance with ecosystem management and policy recommendations, a vital overlooked aspect of policy effectiveness. We also extend the meaning of value exclusion beyond value omission to include misidentification and misattribution of salience to valued ecosystem features. We offer suggestions for enabling value inclusion where ways to minimize exclusion are inapparent.
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| 3. |
- Beery, Thomas H, et al.
(författare)
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Editorial: Nature's Contributions to People: On the Relation Between Valuations and Actions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-701X .- 1540-9309. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In line with other bodies and a manifold of researchers addressing contemporary environmental challenges, the Global Assessment of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, published by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES),concludes that a fundamental reorganization across technological, economic, and social factors, including values, is needed to achieve goals for conserving and sustainably using nature (IPBES,2019). This reorganization implies transformative changes, for example, in the production and consumption of energy, food, and fiber.While scientists and decision-makers increasingly acknowledge the need for transformative change, we lack specific definitions of the details of transformative change and agreement on how such change is ensured. However, by clarifying and assessing the multiple values of nature and its benefits, we understand what is at stake, for whom, and the tools for making priorities (Díaz et al., 2018, 2019). Valuation is, though, a means to an end. Likewise, increased awareness of the values of biodiversity is also a means to an end. The links between valuation, increasing awareness, and concrete actions, among policymakers and other decision-makers, including individuals, are crucial for transformative changes to start and proceed.These considerations reverse the established approach in economic valuation, according to which one uses observations about actual actions to infer the values the actor holds (“revealed preferences”). In line with this economic paradigm, the currently observed societal actions and resulting biodiversity change reveals a lack of societal valuation of nature’s contributions to people.If we would “transform our world,” as the UN’s Agenda 2030 demands, and with it the way societies act toward nature, this would reveal a new social valuation of nature’s contributions to people.Either way, there is a close relationship between actions and valuations.The articles in this Research Topic present insights from various perspectives and theoretical and methodological approaches on the connections between valuations of nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem services, awareness, and concrete actions. The articles concern perceptions and actions among individuals and groups of people and aspects related to governance ranging from local to global scales, based on cases from various parts of the world.
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| 4. |
- Beery, Thomas H., et al.
(författare)
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Fostering incidental experiences of nature through green infrastructure planning
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 46:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concern for a diminished human experience of nature and subsequent decreased human well-being is addressed via a consideration of green infrastructure’s potential to facilitate unplanned or incidental nature experience. Incidental nature experience is conceptualized and illustrated in order to consider this seldom addressed aspect of human interaction with nature in green infrastructure planning. Special attention has been paid to the ability of incidental nature experience to redirect attention from a primary activity toward an unplanned focus (in this case, nature phenomena). The value of such experience for human well-being is considered. The role of green infrastructure to provide the opportunity for incidental nature experience may serve as a nudge or guide toward meaningful interaction. These ideas are explored using examples of green infrastructure design in two Nordic municipalities: Kristianstad, Sweden, and Copenhagen, Denmark. The outcome of the case study analysis coupled with the review of literature is a set of sample recommendations for how green infrastructure can be designed to support a range of incidental nature experiences with the potential to support human well-being.
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| 5. |
- Beilin, Ruth, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing how drivers of agricultural land abandonment affect biodiversity and cultural landscapes using case studies from Scandinavia, Iberia and Oceania
- 2014
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Ingår i: Land use policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 36, s. 60-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agricultural land abandonment (ALA) is widespread in many countries of the global north. It impacts rural communities, traditional landscapes, biodiversity and ecosystem services. It is an opportunity for ecosystem restoration or new landscape functions. We explored ALA in study areas in Australia, Portugal and Sweden. In each, we assessed plant species diversity, historical trajectories of land cover change; and the socioeconomic past, present and future in interviews with farmers. The ALA data was integrated and analysed by identifying the drivers of change. The relative importance of each driver and its scale of action was estimated, both in the past (1950-2010) and in the future (2010-2030). ALA has transformed rural landscapes in the study areas of Portugal and Sweden. It is at a much earlier stage with potential to increase in the Australian case. We identified a set of driving forces, classified into pressures, frictions and attractors that clarify why ALA, noting its temporal and spatial scale, occurs differently in each study area. The effect of the drivers is related to social and historical contexts. Pressures and attractors encouraging agricultural abandonment are strongest in Portugal and Sweden. Generally more (institutionalized) frictions are in place in these European sites, intended to prevent further change, based on the benefits assumed for biodiversity and aesthetics. In Australia, the stimulation of driving forces to promote a well-managed abandonment of some cleared areas could be highly beneficial for biodiversity, minimally disruptive for current dairy farming operations and would bring opportunities for alternative types of rural development.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Devos, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Applying ecosystem services for pre-market environmental risk assessments of regulated stressors
- 2019
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Ingår i: EFSA Journal. - : Wiley. - 1831-4732. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecosystem services (ES) are the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. Investigating the environment through an ES framework has gained wide acceptance in the international scientific community and is applied by policymakers to protect biodiversity and safeguard the sustainability of ecosystems. This approach can enhance the ecological and societal relevance of pre-market/prospective environmental risk assessments (ERAs) of regulated stressors by: (1) informing the derivation of operational protection goals; (2) enabling the integration of environmental and human health risk assessments; (3) facilitating horizontal integration of policies and regulations; (4) leading to more comprehensive and consistent environmental protection; (5) articulating the utility of, and trade-offs involved in, environmental decisions; and (6) enhancing the transparency of risk assessment results and the decisions based upon them. Realisation of these advantages will require challenges that impede acceptance of an ES approach to be overcome. Particularly, there is concern that, if biodiversity only matters to the extent that it benefits humans, the intrinsic value of nature is ignored. Moreover, our understanding of linkages among ecological components and the processes that ultimately deliver ES is incomplete, valuing ES is complex, and there is no standard ES lexicon and limited familiarity with the approach. To help overcome these challenges, we encourage: (1) further research to establish biodiversity-ES relationships; (2) the development of approaches that (i) quantitatively translate responses to chemical stressors by organisms and groups of organisms to ES delivery across different spatial and temporal scales, (ii) measure cultural ES and ease their integration into ES valuations, and (iii) appropriately value changes in ES delivery so that trade-offs among different management options can be assessed; (3) the establishment of a standard ES lexicon; and (4) building capacity in ES science and how to apply ES to ERAs. These development needs should not prevent movement towards implementation of an ES approach in ERAs, as the advantages we perceive of using this approach render it more than worthwhile to tackle those challenges. Society and the environment stand to benefit from this shift in how we conduct the ERA of regulated stressors. (C) 2019 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority.
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| 8. |
- Díaz, S, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing nature's contributions to people
- 2018
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 359:6373, s. 270-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major challenge today and into the future is to maintain or enhance beneficial contributions of nature to a good quality of life for all people. This is among the key motivations of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), a joint global effort by governments, academia, and civil society to assess and promote knowledge of Earth's biodiversity and ecosystems and their contribution to human societies in order to inform policy formulation. One of the more recent key elements of the IPBES conceptual framework is the notion of nature's contributions to people (NCP), which builds on the ecosystem service concept popularized by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But as we detail below, NCP as defined and put into practice in IPBES differs from earlier work in several important ways. First, the NCP approach recognizes the central and pervasive role that culture plays in defining all links between people and nature. Second, use of NCP elevates, emphasizes, and operationalizes the role of indigenous and local knowledge in understanding nature's contribution to people. The broad remit of IPBES requires it to engage a wide range of stakeholders, spanning from natural, social, humanistic, and engineering sciences to indigenous peoples and local communities in whose territories lie much of the world's biodiversity. Being an intergovernmental body, such inclusiveness is essential not only for advancing knowledge but also for the political legitimacy of assessment findings.
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| 9. |
- Dymitrow, Mirek, et al.
(författare)
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Rural-urban blurring and the subjectivity within
- 2016
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Ingår i: Rural Landscapes. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-0104. ; 3:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Realizing that a changing society is in constant need of redefinition, the rural-urban distinction is especially important to look systematically into. One reason is that although the outdatedness of the rural-urban dichotomy is widely acknowledged, it is still largely sustained, not least in ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ development endeavors, which are often conducted separately. Such practice may seem questionable in the face of the progressive blurring of these concepts, which makes them increasingly subjective. Acknowledging the continued need for categorization on the one hand and admitting to its flawed nature on the other, we submit there is a pressing need to capture the changing logic of rural-urban subjectivity in order to better handle it in practice. By combining humanistic and materiality-based perspectives, we discuss the concepts of ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ with emphasis on perception and experiential space as one possible way forward. In that vein, we also tentatively explore the potential of the concept of ‘landscape’ to serve as a bridge between physical and subject-centered tenets of rural-urban awareness. We argue it could become a useful conceptual tool for creating context from the divergent theoretical currents in regard to how rural-urban should be understood today.
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| 10. |
- Head, Lesley, et al.
(författare)
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Holding on and letting go: nature, temporality and environmental management
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature, temporality and environmental management : Scandinavian and Australian perspectives on peoples and landscapes / edited by Lesley Head, Katarina Saltzman, Gunhild Setten and Marie Stenseke.. - London and New York : Routledge. - 9781472464651 ; , s. 3-12
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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