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- Skriver Hansen, Andreas, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Managing outdoor recreation aspects in coastal-marine national parks– Experiences and challenges from Sweden and Norway
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings for the International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (ISSRM), June 19-22, 2017 in Umeå.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes experiences and challenges in managing outdoor recreation in coastal-marine national parks as part of national strategies on Maritime Spatial Planning in Sweden and Norway. Both countries received their first coastal-marine national parks as late as in 2009, with two more established in Norway since then and two more under way, both in Sweden and in Norway. Like other land-based national parks, the purpose of coastal-marine national parks is to be containers of both environmental and recreational qualities, with a distinct focus on balancing use (recreation/tourism) and protection (conservation) aspects. However, while both countries have large experience on these matters in their land-based national parks (e.g. forest-, mountain-, and urban parks), experiences in coastal-marine national parks are limited. This is particularly the case when managing outdoor recreation aspects, such as providing quality recreational experiences or performing visitor monitoring activities. Based on a series of semi-structured interviews with managers and experts in three coastal-marine national parks (one Swedish and two Norwegian parks), the paper reveals important challenges concerning outdoor recreation planning and management in coastal-marine national parks in Sweden and Norway. Main results show large differences in experience between planning and managing coastal-marine national parks versus traditional land-based national parks, including the problem that coastal-marine national parks are often managed based on experiences from their land-based equivalents. Particular identified challenges include working with outdoor recreation in open, free roaming landscapes as well as more administrative barriers, such as lack of education and resources among managers to work more actively with outdoor recreation aspects in the daily management. The paper therefore concludes that outdoor recreation aspects must receive a larger focus in coastal-marine national parks.
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| 2. |
- Haukeland, Jan Vider, et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavian National Parks moving from the mountain to the coast – is the management designed to handle the visitation pressure and the tourism industry interests?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings for the International Congress on Coastal and Marine Tourism (CMT2017).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus in this paper is the management of nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation activities in coastal national parks in Norway, with Ytre Hvaler and Færder National Parks in Norway and Kosterhavet National Park in Sweden as case areas. National parks in the two countries have typically been localized in rural and remote alpine and forest regions, whereas coastal landscapes have been underrepresented. The research question we address is how well designed the coastal national park management system, with its jurisdiction, management regulations, management plans, professional competences, financial and staff resources at hand, etc., is to handle the large and diverse visitation pressure as well as various tourism industry interests. In 2009, the first coastal national park in Norway, Ytre Hvaler National Park, was established in southeastern Norway and in tandem with the launching of the neighboring coastal Kosterhavet National Park on the Swedish side of the national border. Færder National Park, a coastal national park localized on the western side of the outer Oslofjord, was inaugurated in 2013. The three national parks have a series of common features, as they comprise similar types of ragged coastal landscapes with archipelagos of islets and skerries, cultural and natural landscapes of high value, as well as unique marine ecosystems. The protected areas cover mostly marine territory and some relatively small terrestrial parts of the shoreline. Moreover, these attractive coastal environments, located in the proximity of Norway’s largest population centre, have since long been popular spaces for various forms of nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation activities such as boating, sun bathing, angling, camping, kayaking, windsurfing, scuba diving, etc. Many marinas, privately owned cabins, camping facilities, guesthouses, etc. also lead to a high and diverse visitation pressure in the protected areas. Our exploratory research is based on personal interviews with managers of the three national parks, conducted in October 2016, and analysis of relevant documents related to the National Park management. The qualitative data confirms that the national park management faces particular challenges in the coastal context connected to both the volume and the diversity of the visitation as well as accommodating tourism industry interests. The managers express that the inherited management regime originates from a period when there were mostly alpine national parks in the two countries. As a response to this deficiency, the coastal national park managers try to form professional networks amongst themselves and seek to learn from each other’s experiences and management practices.
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| 3. |
- Stokke, Knut Bjørn, et al.
(författare)
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Nasjonalparker – fra fjell til kyst
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLAN. - 0805-083X .- 1504-3045. ; :06
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- En trend i norsk vernepolitikk er at nye nasjonalparker ikke bare etableres i fjellområder, men i stor grad langs kysten hvor beskyttelse av det marine miljøet utgjør et sentralt vernemotiv. Ytre Hvaler nasjonalpark ble etablert i 2009, samtidig med Kosterhavet Nationalpark på svensk side. I 2013 ble Færder nasjonalpark i Tjøme og Nøtterøy kommuner innviet, mens Jomfruland (Telemark) og Raet (Aust-Agder) begge ble etablert i 2016. Hvilke nye utfordringer innebærer kystparkene for nasjonalparkforvaltningen, spesielt med henblikk på planlegging av reise-livsutvikling og friluftsliv, og hvilken grad er eksisterende forvaltningsmessige rammeverk tilpasset denne type områder?
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