| 1. |
- Gopinath, Madhumala, et al.
(författare)
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Role of Hippo Pathway Effector Tafazzin Protein in Maintaining Stemness of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSC)
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research. - : Tehran University of Medical Sciences. - 2008-3009 .- 2008-2207. ; 12:2, s. 153-165
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tafazzin (TAZ) protein has been upregulated in various types of human cancers, although the basis for elevation is uncertain, it has been made definite that the effect of mutation in the hippo pathway, particularly when it is switched off, considerably activates tafazzin transcriptionally and thus this results in tissue or tumor overgrowth. Recent perceptions into the activity of tafazzin, have ascribed to it, a role as stem cell factor in mouse mesenchymal and as well as in neural stem cells. Being a downstream molecule in Hippo signalling, phosphorylation or dephosphorylation of tafazzin gene regulates its transcriptional activity and the stemness of mesenchymal stem cells. Commonly, extracellular matrix controls the stem cell fate commitment and perhaps tafazzin controls stemness through altering the extra cellular matrix. Extracellular matrix is generally made up of prime proteoglycans and the fate stabilization of the resulting lineages is surveilled by engineering these glycans. Tafazzin degradation and addition of proteoglycans affect physical attributes of the extracellular matrix that drives cell differentiation into various lineages. Thus, tafazzin along with major glycans present in the extracellular matrix is involved in imparting stemness. However, there are incoherent molecular events, wherein both tafazzin and the extracellular matrix components, together either activate or inhibit differentiation of stem cells. This review discusses about the role of tafazzin oncoprotein as a stemness factor.
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| 2. |
- Jothimani, Ganesan, et al.
(författare)
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A Review on Theragnostic Applications of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer
- 2018
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Ingår i: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. - : BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD. - 1568-0266 .- 1873-4294. ; 18:30, s. 2614-2629
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous malignancy leading to increased mortality and poor prognosis due to the lack of efficient early diagnostics. Metastasis of the tumor being the most common cause of mortality is accountable for almost 90% of CRC associated deaths. Intensified screening procedures and molecular target identification has inflated the median survival rate of in CRC patients. microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have come forward as potential targets for developing a novel approach in CRC theragnostics. Non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) sequences are abundantly present and thereby play a vital role in several biological processes such as cellular organization, cell fate determination, proliferation, apoptosis, tissue homeostasis maintenance as well as pathological conditions such as cancer by acting as post transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Several studies have highlighted the involvement of these ncRNAs in CRC development. However, the molecular mechanism involved in regulating CRC has not been clearly elucidated. This review, throws light upon the several non-coding RNAs involved in CRC with a focus on novel mechanisms of action, recent advances in the regulatory mechanisms that control the gene expression related to carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the potential role of ncRNAs as diagnostic as well as therapeutic targets has been reviewed.
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| 3. |
- Pathak, Surajit, et al.
(författare)
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Review on comparative efficacy of bevacizumab, panitumumab and cetuximab antibody therapy with combination of FOLFOX-4 in KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 9:7, s. 7739-7748
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer, fourth leading form of cancer worldwide and is increasing in alarming rate in the developing countries. Treating colorectal cancer has become a big challenge worldwide and several antibody therapies such as bevacizumab, panitumumab and cetuximab are being used with limited success. Moreover, mutation in KRAS gene which is linked with the colorectal cancer initiation and progression further interferes with the antibody therapies. Considering median progression free survival and overall survival in account, this review focuses to identify the most efficient antibody therapy in combination with chemotherapy (FOLFOX-4) in KRAS mutated colorectal cancer patients. The bevacizumab plus FOLFOX-4 therapy shows about 9.3 months and 8.7 months of progression free survival for KRAS wild and mutant type, respectively. The overall survival is about 34.8 months for wild type whereas for the mutant it is inconclusive for the same therapy. In comparison, panitumumab results in better progression-free survival which is about (9.6 months) and overall survival is about (23.9 months) for the wild type KRAS and the overall survival is about 15.5 months for the mutant KRAS. Cetuximab plus FOLFOX-4 therapy shows about 7.7 months and 5.5 months of progression-free survival for wild type KRAS and mutant type, respectively. Thus, panitumumab shows significant improvement in overall survival rate for wild type KRAS, validating as a cost effective therapeutic for colorectal cancer therapy. This review depicts that panitumumab along with FOLFOX-4 has a higher response in colorectal cancer patients than the either of the two monoclonal antibodies plus FOLFOX-4.
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| 4. |
- Subramaniam, Vimala Devi, et al.
(författare)
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Health hazards of nanoparticles: understanding the toxicity mechanism of nanosized ZnO in cosmetic products
- 2019
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Ingår i: Drug and chemical toxicology (New York, N.Y. 1978). - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0148-0545 .- 1525-6014. ; 42:1, s. 84-93
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, nanoparticles are being used extensively in personal healthcare products such as cosmetics, sunscreens, soaps, and shampoos. Particularly, metal oxide nanoparticles are gaining competence as key industrial constituents, progressing toward a remarkable rise in their applications. Zinc oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles are the most commonly employed metal oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens, ointments, foot care, and over the counter topical products. Dermal exposure to these metal oxides predominantly occurs through explicit use of cosmetic products and airway exposure to nanoparticle dusts is primarily mediated via occupational exposure. There is a compelling need to understand the toxicity effects of nanoparticles which can easily enter the cells and induce oxidative stress. Consequently, these products have become a direct source of pollution in the environment and thereby greatly impact our ecosystem. A complete understanding of the toxicity mechanism of nano-ZnO is intended to resolve whether and to what extent such nanoparticles may pose a threat to the environment and to human beings. In this review article, we have discussed the characteristics of metal oxide nanoparticles and its applications in the cosmetic industry. We have also highlighted about their toxicity effects and their impact on human health.
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