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- Arvidsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural validation of a simple self-report instrument of physical activity in immigrants from the Middle East and native Swedes.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 42:3, s. 255-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate cross-cultural validity of a simple self-report instrument of physical activity intended to be used in Swedish health care. Methods: A validation study performed in 599 Iraqis (58% men) and 553 Swedes (53% men) aged 30-75 years living in the city of Malmö, Sweden. The self-report instrument by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare was compared to corresponding measures assessed from accelerometry as reference. Results: The agreement between the methods in assessing the participants as sufficiently/insufficiently physically active (cut-point 150 min/week) was 65% in the Iraqis and 52% in the Swedes (p<0.001). The proportion disagreement where the self-reported physical activity was sufficient but insufficient according to the accelerometry was 26% and 45% in Iraqis and Swedes, respectively. Physical activity time (min/week) was overestimated by self-report compared to accelerometry by 71% in the Iraqis and 115% in the Swedes (p<0.001). The smallest and largest overestimation was seen in Iraqi (57%) and Swedish (139%) women, respectively. The deviation of the self-report instrument compared to accelerometry was related to the physical activity level, as the overestimation mainly occurred at lower physical activity. Conclusions: The self-report instrument proposed by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare may overestimate the proportion sufficiently physically active, but to an extent depending on cultural background and gender.
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| 2. |
- Arvidsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Vigorous Physical Activity may be Important for the Insulin Sensitivity in Immigrants From the Middle East and Native Swedes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Activity & Health. - : Human Kinetics. - 1543-3080 .- 1543-5474. ; 12:2, s. 273-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare physical activity measures and their associations with insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function and body mass index (BMI) between Iraqi immigrants and native Swedes. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 493 Iraqis (58% men) and 469 Swedes (54% men) aged 30 to 75 years living in the city of Malmo, Sweden. Accelerometry was used for physical activity measures (sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, moderate and vigorous physical activity, total counts). Insulin sensitivity index and oral disposal index were determined from an oral glucose tolerance test and BMI by body weight and height. Results: Iraqi men were less physically active than Swedish men, while the physical activity was more similar in the women. BMI was a strong predictor of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function and frequently associated with the physical activity measures. BMI modified the associations of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function with the physical activity measures to such extent that only VPA and total counts show direct associations with insulin sensitivity in addition to the indirect associations via BMI. Iraqi women demonstrated weaker associations compared with Swedish women. Conclusions: Physical activity and performed at vigorous intensity may be important mainly for the insulin sensitivity in Iraqi immigrants and native Swedes.
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| 3. |
- Westman, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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The influences of place of birth and socioeconomic factors on attempted suicide in a defined population of 4.5 million people.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Archives of general psychiatry. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-990X. ; 60:4, s. 409-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Our knowledge of the influence of place of birth and socioeconomic status on attempted suicide in a defined national population is limited. METHODS: The study population at baseline in 1993 included approximately 4.5 million Swedish persons aged 25 to 64 years, of whom 570 000 had been born abroad. Each individual was tracked until attempted suicide, remigration, death, or the end of the study on December 31, 1998. The Cox regression was used in the analysis. RESULTS: Labor migrants from Finland and other OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries and refugees from Poland and Iran had higher hazard ratios of attempted suicide than Swedish-born control subjects. Women born in Latin America, Asia, and Eastern Europe had significantly higher hazard ratios of attempted suicide than Swedish-born women. In contrast, men born in southern Europe and Asia had significantly lower hazard ratios of attempted suicide. The hazard ratios of attempted suicide among women from Iran, Asia, southern Europe, Latin America, and eastern Europe considerably exceeded those of men from the same country of origin. When socioeconomic status was included in the final model, the hazard ratios remained high for women, while the risk of attempted suicide among men declined sharply with increased income. CONCLUSIONS: Place of birth, socioeconomic status, and sex are associated with attempted suicide. Socioeconomic status explains only part of the association between place of birth and attempted suicide.
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| 4. |
- Flach, Carl-Fredrik, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Mucosal vaccination increases local chemokine production attracting immune cells to the stomach mucosa of Helicobacter pylori infected mice.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2518 .- 0264-410X. ; 30:9, s. 1636-1643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Vaccination is an attractive approach for the prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection and disease. In a mouse model, infection induces an accumulation of dendritic cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and B- and T cells to the stomach mucosa, which is further heightened when the infection is preceded by a mucosal immunization. We have studied the chemokines and chemokine receptors guiding infection- and vaccination-induced immune cells to the stomach and their relation to protection against H. pylori infection in mice. Materials and methods: C57BL/6 mice were immunized sublingually with H. pylori lysate antigens and cholera toxin adjuvant or left unimmunized, and then challenged with live H. pylori bacteria. Stomach tissue was taken at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after challenge and bacterial colonization, chemokine and chemokine receptor gene expression, and influx of cells into the stomach mucosa were evaluated. Results: RT-PCR array screening revealed differential expression of a broad range of chemokine and chemokine receptor genes between immunized and unimmunized mice. A significant upregulation of chemokines known to attract, among other cells, eosinophils (CCL8), T cells (CXCL10, CXCL11) and neutrophils (CXCL2, CXCL5) and of their cognate receptors CCR3, CXCR3 and CXCR2, preceded or coincided with vaccine-induced protection, which was first evident 7 days after infection and was then sustained at the later time-points. Consistent with the increase in chemokines and chemokine receptors flow cytometric analysis indicated a sequential accumulation of CD4+ T cells, eosinophils, neutrophils and CD103+ dendritic cells in the gastric lamina propria of immunized mice. Conclusions: This study provides insights into vaccination-induced chemokines that guide the influx of protective immune cells into the stomach of H. pylori infected mice.
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