| 1. |
- Hagberg, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Nordic retail research : An introduction
- 2012
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In: Nordic Retail Research: Emerging Diversity. - : BAS Publishers. - 9789172463110 ; , s. 19-32
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A presentation of retailing in the Nordic countries together with an introduction to the anthology and the co-authors.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Henrik, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Acute coronary syndrome in relation to the occurrence of associated symptoms : A quantitative study in prehospital emergency care.
- 2017
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In: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 33, s. 43-47
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Acute chest pain is a common symptom among prehospital emergency care patients. Therefore, it is crucial that ambulance nurses (ANs) have the ability to identify symptoms and assess patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this study is to explore the occurrence of dyspnoea and nausea and/or vomiting in the prehospital phase of a suspected ACS and the associations with patients' outcome.METHODS: This study has a quantitative design based on data from hospital records and from a previous interventional study (randomised controlled trial) including five Emergency Medical Service (EMS) systems in western Sweden in the years 2008-2010.RESULTS: In all, 1836 patients were included in the interventional study. Dyspnoea was reported in 38% and nausea and/or vomiting in 26% of patients. The risk of death within one year increased with the presence of dyspnoea. The presence of nausea and/or vomiting increased the likelihood of a final diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).CONCLUSION: This study shows that dyspnoea, nausea and/or vomiting increase the risk of death and serious diagnosis among ACS patients. This means that dyspnoea, nausea and/or vomiting should influence the ANs' assessment and that special education in cardiovascular nursing is required.
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| 3. |
- Andersson Hagiwara, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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A shorter system delay for haemorrhagic stroke than ischaemic stroke among patients who use emergency medical service
- 2018
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 137:5, s. 523-530
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectivesWe compare various aspects in the early chain of care among patients with haemorrhagic stroke and ischaemic stroke. Materials & methodsThe Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and nine emergency hospitals, each with a stroke unit, were included. All patients hospitalised with a first and a final diagnosis of stroke between 15 December 2010 and 15 April 2011 were included. The primary endpoint was the system delay (from call to the EMS until diagnosis). Secondary endpoints were: (i) use of the EMS, (ii) delay from symptom onset until call to the EMS; (iii) priority at the dispatch centre; (iv) priority by the EMS; and (v) suspicion of stroke by the EMS nurse and physician on admission to hospital. ResultsOf 1336 patients, 172 (13%) had a haemorrhagic stroke. The delay from call to the EMS until diagnosis was significantly shorter in haemorrhagic stroke. The patient's decision time was significantly shorter in haemorrhagic stroke. The priority level at the dispatch centre did not differ between the two groups, whereas the EMS nurse gave a significantly higher priority to patients with haemorrhage. There was no significant difference between groups with regard to the suspicion of stroke either by the EMS nurse or by the physician on admission to hospital. ConclusionsPatients with a haemorrhagic stroke differed from other stroke patients with a more frequent and rapid activation of EMS.
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| 4. |
- Egels-Zanden, Nicklas, et al.
(author)
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Handelns digitalisering - Undran inför framtidens affärer
- 2016
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Handeln har länge kretsat kring det personliga mötet där den fysiska butiken – affären – har spelat en betydande roll för hur affärer görs. När handeln nu digitaliseras väcks en rad frågor om hur framtidens affärer kommer att se ut.
I boken problematiseras och diskuteras handelns digitalisering med utgångspunkt i den fysiska butiken. Vidare behandlas vad som skapar värde för affären och affärerna utifrån teman om konsumenter, format, varuflöden, transparens och organisering.
Med exempel från bland annat ICA, IKEA och Nudie Jeans lyfter författarna fram funderingar och tolkningar om vad digitaliseringen innebär för handeln och framtidens affärer – i dubbel bemärkelse.
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| 5. |
- Hagberg, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization of retailing : Beyond e-commerce
- 2014
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- ”Digitalization” is one of the greatest transformation of contemporary society. The on-going changes due to digitalization are not least important in the retail sector, which both affects and is affected by the development. The Internet’s entry has resulted in new business opportunities (e.g. Quelch & Klein, 1996), new companies (e.g. Mols, 2000), business models (e.g. Sorescu et al., 2011) and forms of commerce (e.g. Gloor, 2000). So far in retailing, digitalization and the Internet has primarily been discussed in terms of an increased presence of e-commerce. However, the Internet is becoming more and more integrated in all forms of retailing and the impact of digitalization goes far beyond the phenomena of e-commerce. The transformation of previously physical products into digital services, the use of digital devices in various steps of the purchasing process as well as consumer recommendations and communications through social media are all examples of much broader and vigorous impacts. In recent years the increasing use of digital mobile devices with Internet has started to transform consumer practices in general including shopping behaviour. New consumer products with mobile Internet are launched at a rapid pace and variety of mobile products and technologies are becoming interlinked (see e.g. Cochoy, 2012). With these mobile devices Internet is also increasingly becoming an element in physical stores (Bodhani 2012). Information retrieval, testing, ordering, payment and service and be done in different channels, and new retail formats such as pop-up stores (Kim et al 2010), click-and-drive (Colla & Lapule, 2012) and others are developed as we speak. New apps are developed for payments (e.g. iZettle), price comparisons (e.g. Pricerunner) or product information (e.g. Good Guide). This broader development will probably have far-reaching effects for retailers, consumers, employees, and suppliers. There is a great need for knowledge about this transformation and its effects (Grewal & Levy, 2009; Doherty & Ellis-Chadwick, 2010; Hagberg et al, 2012). While research on e-commerce is vast and has been extensive already from the outset (e.g. Alba et al., 1997; Burke, 1997; Reynolds, 2000; Bakos, 2001; Burt & Sparks, 2003), retailing research has so far largely ignored the more all-encompassing transformations of digitalization. While scholars have recognized the relevance of the Internet for physical stores, retail formats, apps and so on, there is a paucity of studies that has systematically analyzed the implications of these developments for retailing. Such analysis is central given the potentially far-reaching effects that digitalization could have in the retail industry. Thus, the need to develop a framework that could be used to problematize the consequences of digitization in a retail context is clear. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how retailing is transformed due to digitalization and to develop research propositions on the consequences of these transformations. This paper analyses the digitalization of retailing starting from the retailer-consumer exchange interface, and more specifically along three various facets of exchange: communication, transaction and distribution (Peterson et al., 1997). Communication concerns the access to and exchange of information. Transactions concern the transfer of ownership including monetary transactions, and the actual purchase. Distribution refers to the physical and tangible exchanges of products. In turn, these three facets of exchange are broken down into subcategories, which are further developed with examples from Swedish retailing in order to provide a more detailed understanding of how digitalization transforms retailing in various areas. Conseque4nces are identified and research proposals are developed based on three different “levels” of retailing; micro, meso, and macro, reaching from individual retail employees to societal changes. Among key consequences it is pointed out that digital literacy and skills in the workplace will be a key challenge while also calling for novel forms of knowledge transfer among employees; that the transformations will put pressure on retailers to modify and develop new business models that take challenges and opportunities of digitalization into account; and that it will affect retailers ability to be cost-effective, sustainable and attractive to consumers. In addition to transforming retailing in several ways, the changes imposed by the digitalization may also have consequences for the role retailing will play in society.
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| 6. |
- Hagberg, Johan, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization of retailing: A review and framework
- 2015
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In: 18th EAERCD Conference Rennes, France 1-3 July 2015. - 9782746684515
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ‘Digitalization’ is one of the most significant ongoing transformations of contemporary society and encompasses many aspects of business and everyday life. These transformations are especially important for the retail sector as it both affects and is affected by the development. So far, scholarly conversation about retailing’s digitalization has been voluminous but relatively limited to specific aspects of digitalization, e.g., e-commerce. The purpose of this paper is to systematically analyse how retailing has transformed and is being transformed due to digitalization. This is done by reviewing and discussing the literature and developing a framework comprising four elements: exchanges, actors, offerings, and settings. It is argued that digitalization transforms: i) the retailing exchanges in a number of ways and in various facets of exchange: communications, transactions, and distribution; ii) the nature of retail offerings, and leads to blurred distinctions between products and services and what constitutes the actual offering; iii) the retail settings, i.e., where and when retailing takes place; and iv) the actors participating in retailing, i.e. retailers, consumers, and other parties. The article proposes that these elements are mutually reinforcing, which leads to a certain dynamic and far-reaching transformations due to digitalization. It is concluded that digitalization, far from being restricted to e-commerce, is more or less transforming all areas of retailing, which will possibly also have implications for the very definition of retailing.
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| 7. |
- Hagberg, Johan, 1973, et al.
(author)
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The digitalization of retailing: an exploratory framework
- 2016
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In: International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. - 0959-0552 .- 1758-6690. ; 44:7, s. 694-712
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AbstractPurpose – Digitalization denotes an on-going transformation of great importance for the retail sector. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the phenomenon of the digitalization of retailing by developing a conceptual framework that can be used to further delineate current transformations of the retailerconsumer interface.Design/methodology/approach – This paper develops a framework for digitalization in the retail-consumer interface that consists of four elements: exchanges, actors, offerings, and settings. Drawing on the previous literature, it describes and exemplifies how digitalization transforms each of these elements and identifies implications and proposals for future research.Findings – Digitalization transforms the following: retailing exchanges (in a number of ways and in various facets of exchange, including communications, transactions, and distribution); the nature of retail offerings (blurred distinctions between products and services, what constitutes the actual offering and how it is priced); retail settings (i.e. where and when retailing takes place); and the actors who participate in retailing (i.e. retailers and consumers, among other parties).Research limitations/implications – The framework developed can be used to further delineate current transformations of retailing due to digitalization. The current transformation has created challenges for research, as it demands sensitivity to development over time and insists that categories that have been taken for granted are becoming increasingly blurred due to greater hybridity.Originality/value – This paper addresses a significant and on-going transformation in retailing and develops a framework that can both guide future research and aid retail practitioners in analysing retailing’s current transformation due to digitalization.
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| 8. |
- Hansson, Per-Olof, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Prehospital assessment of suspected stroke and TIA: An observational study
- 2019
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 140:2, s. 93-99
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Symptoms related to stroke diverge and may mimic many other conditions. Aims To evaluate clinical findings among patients with a clinical suspicion of stroke in a prehospital setting and find independent predictors of a final diagnosis of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods An observational multicenter study includes nine emergency hospitals in western Sweden. All patients transported to hospital by ambulance and in whom a suspicion of stroke was raised by the emergency medical service clinician before hospital admission during a four-month period were included. Results Of 1081 patients, a diagnosis of stroke was confirmed at hospital in 680 patients (63%), while 69 (6%) were diagnosed as TIA and 332 patients (31%) received other final diagnoses. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, factors independently associated with a final diagnosis of stroke or TIA were increasing age, odds ratio (OR) per year: 1.02, P = 0.007, a history of myocardial infarction (OR: 1.77, P = 0.01), facial droop (OR: 2.81, P < 0.0001), arm weakness (OR: 2.61, P < 0.0001), speech disturbance (OR: 1.92, P < 0.0001), and high systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.50, P = 0.02), while low oxygen saturation was significantly associated with other diagnoses (OR: 0.41, P = 0.007). More than half of all patients among patients with both stroke/TIA and other final diagnoses died during the five-year follow-up. Conclusions Seven factors including the three symptoms included in the Face Arm Speech Test were significantly associated with a final diagnosis of stroke or TIA in a prehospital assessment of patients with a suspected stroke.
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| 9. |
- Hansson, Per-Olof, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Prehospital identification of factors associated with death during one-year follow-up after acute stroke
- 2018
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In: Brain and Behavior. - : Wiley. - 2162-3279. ; 8:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: In acute stroke, the risk of death and neurological sequelae are obvious threats. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between various clinical factors identified by the emergency medical service (EMS) system before arriving at hospital and the risk of death during the subsequent year among patients with a confirmed stroke. Material and Methods: All patients with a diagnosis of stroke as the primary diagnosis admitted to a hospital in western Sweden (1.6 million inhabitants) during a four-month period were included. There were no exclusion criteria. Results: In all, 1,028 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of stroke who used the EMS were included in the analyses. Among these patients, 360 (35%) died during the following year. Factors that were independently associated with an increased risk of death were as follows: (1) high age, per year OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.05-1.09; (2) a history of heart failure, OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.26-3.42; (3) an oxygen saturation of < 90%, OR 8.05; 95% CI 3.33-22.64; and (4) a decreased level of consciousness, OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.61-3.03. Conclusions: Among patients with a stroke, four factors identified before arrival at hospital were associated with a risk of death during the following year. They were reflected in the patients' age, previous clinical history, respiratory function, and the function of the central nervous system.
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| 10. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Early identification and delay to treatment in myocardial infarction and stroke: differences and similarities.
- 2010
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In: Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1757-7241. ; 18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The two major complications of atherosclerosis are acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke. Both are life-threatening conditions characterised by the abrupt cessation of blood flow to respective organs, resulting in an infarction. Depending on the extent of the infarction, loss of organ function varies considerably. In both conditions, it is possible to limit the extent of infarction with early intervention. In both conditions, minutes count. This article aims to describe differences and similarities with regard to the way patients, bystanders and health care providers act in the acute phase of the two diseases with the emphasis on the pre-hospital phase.
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